Claire Danes, Mandy Patinkin, Damian Lewis and the creators of the era-defining Showtime drama — now entering its eighth and final season — reveal in an oral history never-told tales of a show that smashed records, captivated presidents and predicted everything from terrorist attacks to Russian election hacks.
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This test, which does not have NASA astronauts onboard the spacecraft, is intended to demonstrate Crew Dragon's ability to reliably carry crew to safety in the unlikely event of an emergency on ascent.
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A film advertises the city as a modern escape where women can do whatever they want. The reality of the place thwarts the girls' trip vibe at every turn.
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The post-dot-com generation of companies became the most ubiquitous and valuable corporations in the world and Silicon Valley's rhetoric began to change.
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Dive into NASA's archives to see some of the most stark and moving photos ever taken. Nirmala Nataraj gives an informative rundown on each photo, and this book benefits from a preface by none other than Bill Nye.
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Want to read more but don't have the time? Check out Booknotes. This service distills more than 1,000 best-selling books into 15-minute chunks so you can consume more in less time. Sign up for life for just $29 now.
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After returning to her parked car, a woman was curious why there wasn't snow on her car following a blizzard and made a shocking discovery — she left the passenger window down by mistake.
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4 in 10 Americans have been harassed online. But while therapists and psychologists have studied cyberbullying of children for years, there's little research on how to help adults — mostly women — who've been targeted.
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WATCH: Security forces in Beirut, Lebanon, use water cannons and tear gas to disperse protesters rallying against corruption and mismanagement in the country. https://t.co/1WE4u9mpIMpic.twitter.com/ODYgIDYsxW
Iran will send to Ukraine the black boxes of a Ukrainian airliner that its military accidentally shot down this month, killing all 176 people on board, Iranian media reports. https://t.co/Ido3Y3bEGp
Prince Harry and his wife Meghan will no longer be working members of Britain's royal family and will cede their "Royal Highness" titles. The couple will no longer receive public funds https://t.co/nW4jNJmEkRpic.twitter.com/SJDyHQfzjx
During a town hall in New Hampshire Thursday night, Democratic presidential candidate Rep. Tulsi Gabbard (Hawaii) was asked if she could beat former Vice President Joe Biden in a pushup contest, sparking an impromptu challenge with a supporter.
"Former Vice President Biden has randomly challenged people in the audience to a pushup contest even if they're in walkers. ... Do you think you could take him?" the supporter questioned, according to The Washington Post.
"My educated and informed guess would be yes," Gabbard replied. "However, Joe Biden may have some superhuman pushup ability that nobody knows about. But I would take most people to a pushup challenge."
WNU Editor: This did not go as well as CNN had hoped for. Ukrainian Foreign Minister Vadym Prystaiko is basically calling Lev Parnas .... who has been claiming for the past week that President Trump was directly involved through his personal attorney Rudy Giuliani in an alleged quid pro quo with Ukraine .... a liar. Not surprising. The comment thread in the above video is overwhelmingly negative on the foreign minister. Now I so happen to have met Vadym Prystaiko twice in Ottawa when he was Ukraine's Ambassador to Canada. One was business and the other was social, and he struck me at that time to be an honest and straightforward diplomat. If he is saying that Lev Parnas' allegations are untrue, I am inclined to believe him.
* The US Navy is to name new aircraft carrier after a World War II hero * Mess Attendant 2nd Class Doris Miller was the first African American to receive the Navy Cross for valor in 1942 * The $13billion aircraft carrier will be the fourth of the new Gerald R. Ford-class supercarriers, and is scheduled to launch in 2027, and enter service in 2030 * Miller manned a machine gun on the USS West Virginia and returning fire against Japanese planes during the December 7 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor * Miller, then 22, was collecting laundry when the attack alarm sounded * His normal battle station was destroyed by a torpedo so he went on deck and carried wounded soldiers to safety before manning a machine gun * At the time an African American was not allowed to man a gun in the Navy * The announcement is expected to be made at Pearl Harbor Monday, on Martin Luther King Junior Day * Miller died on a ship that was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine in 1943
The US Navy is expected to honor a World War II hero when a new aircraft carrier is named for Mess Attendant 2nd Class Doris Miller.
The announcement is expected to be made at Pearl Harbor Monday, The Honolulu Star-Advertiser reported Friday.
Miller was the first African American to receive the Navy Cross for valor.
Miller was recognized for manning a machine gun on the USS West Virginia and returning fire against Japanese planes during the December 7 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor.
WNU Editor: I was surprised by this announcement. It is not everyday that a US Navy mess attendant 2nd Class gets an aircraft carrier named after him. But considering the man and what he did, you have to wonder why did it take the US Navy so long to honour him with this distinction.
More News On The U.S. Navy Naming Its Next Aircraft Carrier After Pearl Harbor Hero Mess Attendant 2nd Class Doris 'Dorie' Miller
North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho attends a meeting with China's President Xi Jinping at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China December 7, 2018. Fred Dufour/Pool via REUTERS
Ri Son Gwon will be replacement, sources say, a shift which could see major changes to foreign policy posture
North Korea's foreign minister Ri Yong Ho has been replaced, sources in Pyongyang confirmed to NK News, in a major political reshuffle which could have a significant impact on the country's diplomatic stance going forward.
He will be replaced by Ri Son Gwon, multiple informed sources told NK News, the former chairman of the Committee for the Peaceful Reunification of the Country (CPRC).
Ri Son Gwon, who played a prominent role in inter-Korean talks in early 2018, also previously served as an official at the Policy Department of the now-defunct National Defence Commission (NDC).
And he was once known as the right-hand man of Kim Yong Chol, director of the United Front Department, and appeared at a second round of inter-Korean working-level military talks in October 2006
WNU Editor: When a country like North Korea is replacing its senior foreign diplomats, this usually signals a major change in policy. What are does changes is still unclear.
Washington (CNN)North Korea is "building new missiles, new capabilities, new weapons as fast as anybody on the planet," and learning from its mistakes as it makes advances in its missile programs, the No. 2 general at the Pentagon said Friday.
Air Force Gen. John Hyten, the vice-chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, made the comments as talks between Washington and Pyongyang over North Korea's nuclear program have stalled and Kim Jong Un has signaled he may be ready to test more missiles that could be capable of hitting the United States.
"If you want to go fast in the missile business you need to test fast, fly fast and learn fast. Look at Space X in this country. There were some pretty spectacular failures. Did they stop? No," Hyten said while speaking at the Center for Strategic & International Studies in Washington.
There is a growing interest in .338 caliber machine guns, which offer greater range than 7.62mm types, and this one would provide a high rate of fire.
Dillon Aero has revealed that it is working on a new Minigun-style machine gun chambered to fire .338 Norma Magnum ammunition. U.S. Special Operations Command is separately testing more traditional machine gun designs in this same caliber, which has previously been more commonly associated with sniper rifles.
The Arizona-based gunmaker posted a picture of the still-experimental prototype on its official Facebook page on Jan. 15, 2020. The company says it will show the gun publicly for the first time at the upcoming 2020 SHOT Show in Las Vegas, which opens next week. Dillon Aero is best known as one of the few remaining manufacturers of versions of the iconic 7.62mm Minigun machine gun, which General Electric first designed and built in the late 1950s and early 1960s.
The reimposition of economic sanctions following the 2015 nuclear deal directly impacted Iran's economy, seemingly causing it to shrink 9.5 percent in 2019. Following the assassination of Qassem Soleimani, and Iran's retaliatory strike on a U.S. Army base in Baghdad, Trump increased sanctions substantially. This, in turn, limits Iran's ability to fight back against the targeted killing of Soleimani.
The Situation in Iran
Iran, an already isolated country, is increasingly becoming an outlier in the international community. Iran is a country where clerical and civil leaders are usually at odds with one another, and the conflict ultimately affects ordinary Iranians. Generally, clerical leaders like Ayatollah Ali Khamenei are faithful to the 1979 Islamic revolution, and civil leaders like President Hassan Rouhani favor a slightly more progressive path.
WNU Editor: The Iranians have suffered a lot since the revolution. But after almost 40 years of unrest, wars, and sanctions, you would think that for the average Iranian they would be saying enough is enough.
Once Iran builds such a warhead, Israeli experts told Breaking D that all Iranian ballistic missiles with at least a diameter of 4.1 feet can be fitted to carry one. An example is the Shahab-3, with a range of 620 miles.
TEL AVIV: Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) intelligence says Iran is two years from a capability to equip one of its ballistic missiles with nuclear warhead.
Such a development would constitute a red line, an Israeli official says: "The clock ticks toward this point, and Israel will know exactly when the foot will be put on the red line or very near to it."
However, Iran has not yet built a nuclear weapon. And reducing a nuclear weapon to the size and weight allowing it to be carried on a ballistic missile is challenging, though Iran has demonstrated impressive engineering chops in some of its nuclear work.
The U.S. Space Force (USSF) late Friday unveiled camouflage uniforms bearing the branch's first nametapes for its members.
"The first #SpaceForce utility uniform nametapes have touched down in the Pentagon," the service branch tweeted from its official account, attaching a photo of the uniforms.
The uniforms were welcomed with praise by some, including the official Twitter account for the U.S. Navy, which called the clothing "out of this world" in a tweet.
"What are the coordinates? Let's trade," the military branch added.
The Navy is building a special new command and control mini "drone-headquarters" space on its aircraft carriers to operate deck-launched drones as part of a strategy aimed at massively increasing the scope of carrier-launched drone missions in coming years.
Launching drones from carriers represents an unprecedented technical leap for the Navy as it seeks to expand surveillance and combat range and mission scope for its Carrier Air Wings. The new space, as explained Jan.16 at the Surface Navy Association Annual Symposium in Arlington, Va. by senior Navy leaders, is being engineered as an adaptation to existing ship-based structures and configurations. The center, called Unmanned Aviation Warfare Center, is being built into both the Navy's new Ford-class carriers as well as its existing Nimitz-class carriers.
Karnataka Bank Syllabus 2020 – Are you searching for Karnataka Bank Exam Syllabus? Then scroll down the page to catch up with the Probationary Officer & Clerk Exam Syllabus Details. In this article, we have stated the syllabus & exam pattern details. Go through it and plan for the exam preparation to crack the Karnataka Bank Exam 2020
Karnataka Bank PO Exam Pattern and Syllabus
Aspirants who are preparing for the Karnataka Bank Probationary Officer Exam which is going to be conducted on 16th February 2020 check out this section to get an idea about the exam pattern & syllabus for the PO Exam. Before you start with the exam preparation go through the given details for better preparation. Get ready well and do your best in the written examination.
RRB NTPC Admit Card 2020. Applicants who had applied to this Railway Recruitment Board for various posts can get the RRB NTPC Admit Card 2020 here. Download Indian Railways Non-Technical NTPC Hall Ticket 2020 at www.indianrailways.gov.in. A total of 1.6 crore students have registered for the 35,277 posts under the NTPC Exams 2020. As per the recent notification, the CBT 1 Exam 2019 will be conducted between June 2019 to September 2019 month. Here we will give you detailed information regarding the RRB NTPC Exams 2020 for the TC, ECRC, Goods Guard, TA, CA, Time Keeper, Clerk Cum Typist, JAA & ASM Posts. Candidates can download Call Letter for all zones from the Official Website links that are attached below.
RRB NTPC Admit Card 2020 – The Railway Recruitment Board has issued the Meeting Notice for the Computer Based Test to be held from April 2020. Thus, the admit card has been issued on the official website to download. Stick to the official website to download the hall ticket.
UPDATE: RRB NTPC First Stage CBT Exam Date Postponed to April 2020. Get the Exam Dates and RRB NTPC CBT 1 Admit Card @ www.indianrailways.gov.in
RRB Gorakhpur Admit Card 2019 – The Gorakhpur admit card is yet to release. The hall ticket link will be activated soon once the board releases. Hence, the admit card is for 3388 JE, JE/ IT, DMS, CMA posts. Moreover, the exam date will be declared by the board on the official website. After the exam date declaration, the board will release the admit card.
Click on the link attached below to visit the official website of Indian Railways Board.
Select the zone.
Search the link related to the Railway NTPC Non-Technical Exam Admit Card 2020.
Enter the details like Registration Number and DOB.
Download and save the Admit Card.
Take a Print of it to attend the NTPC Exam 2020.
Details displayed on the RRB NTPC Admit Card 2020
Candidates who are Preparing for NTPC Exam can download Admit Card for NonTechnical NTPC Recruitment 2020. Applicants have to download NTPC Non-Technical Admit Card 15 days before the exam date. The RRB Non-Technical NTPC Exam details like exam date, venue, time will be given in Railway NTPC admit card itself. Admit Card is a mandatory document to the candidates to write the Exam. No candidate will not be permitted into the examination hall without Admit Card 2020. Details that are listed on the Non-Technical Group C & Group D Hall Ticket must be verified properly before downloading it. Displayed details must be correct and proper, in case of changes, do contact with the Railway Recruitment Boards Official Website.
Name of the Candidate
Registration Number
Name of the Examination
Exam Date and Timing
Examination Centre
Instruction on the Admit Card
And the signature of applicant and exam counsellor
Information about RRB Non-Technical Group C & Group D Exam 2020
Railway Recruitment Board has released National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Exams for various posts. Those who have registered for the RRB Non-Technical Exams can check out for the details and download the admit card according to the State-wise. Examiners are asked to reach the examination centre in prior with 1 hour before the exam timing to avoid confusion. Aspirants are advised to bring any one of the identity proof along with the downloaded Admit Card 2020. Here we are providing the easy steps for the guidance of the candidates for downloading the RRB NTPC NonTechnical Exam Admit Card from the official site. Follow the steps provided above.
Voter ID
Passport
PAN Card
Aadhar Card
Employee ID
Driving License
College ID
Photograph
And any another id assigned by the state or central Govt.
Download Division wise Admit Card for RRB NTPC Exam 2020
We have updated the APPSC JL Syllabus Pdf for the candidate's reference. Therefore, applicants looking for the Syllabus 2020 for the Junior Lecturer Posts can make use of this article. Also, applicants can get here the Exam Pattern as well as the Question Paper Details. Hence, Interested Applicants can download the Syllabus Pdf and prepare well for the Exam.
APPSC JL Syllabus 2020
A Syllabus acts as a very important part for the aspirants who have applied for the Junior Lecturer posts. The department is going to conduct a written exam on 19th, 20th, 22nd, 23rd January 202017th & 20th February 2020. Therefore, it is important to refer to the Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission JL Exam Syllabus for better preparation. Interested contenders can also check the Exam Pattern for a detailed concept for the paper. Also, applicants can visit the official website of Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission @ psc.sp.gov.in.com to download the detailed Syllabus Pdf along with the Test Pattern.
For Part-A, it will be a written examination that will consist of Objective Type Questions.
And, For Part-B, It will be an Oral Test that will consist of 50 Marks.
There will be negative marking for each wrong answer i.e. 1/3rd of the marks will be deducted.
APPSC Junior Lecturers Syllabus Pdf 2020
Syllabus plays a very crucial role in any competitive exam. Without the help of the APPSC JL Exam Syllabus, it is not possible to qualify the exam with a good score. Hence, aspirants must read the subject wise syllabus.
APPSC Junior Lecturer Syllabus for Paper-1: General Studies & Mental Ability
Events of national and international importance.
Current affairs- international, national and regional.
General Science and its applications to the day to day life Contemporary developments in Science & Technology and Information Technology.
The social- economic and political history of modern India with emphasis on Andhra Pradesh.
Indian polity and governance: constitutional issues, public policy, reforms and e-governance initiatives with specific reference to Andhra Pradesh.
Economic development in India since independence with emphasis on Andhra Pradesh.
The physical geography of the Indian sub-continent and Andhra Pradesh.
Disaster management: vulnerability profile, prevention and mitigation strategies, Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in the assessment of Disaster.
Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection
Logical reasoning, analytical ability, and data interpretation.
Data Analysis
Bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh and it’s Administrative, Economic, Social, Cultural, Political, and Legal Implications/problems.
AP PSC Junior Lecturer Exam Syllabus for Paper-2: English
Writers and Texts.
Movements and Concepts.
English Language Teaching.
Andhra Pradesh PSC JL Syllabus – Mathematics
Metric Spaces.
Group Theory.
Vector Spaces.
Complex Analysis.
Partial Differential Equations.
Ordinary Differential Equations.
Matrix Theory.
Ring Theory.
Elementary Number.
Real Analysis.
Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission Syllabus – Urdu
Deccaniyat.
Literary Criticism.
Urdu Journalism, Translation, & Mass, Media, Print and Electronic.
Origin & Development of Urdu Language.
Development of Different Forms of Literature.
Different Literary Movements.
Junior Lecturer Syllabus for Commerce
Financial and Management Accounting.
Human Resources Management.
IT and e-Commerce.
Financial Management.
Managerial Economics.
Quantitative Techniques.
AP Public Service Commission Syllabus – Physics
Mathematical Methods of Physics.
Electromagnetic Theory.
Electronics.
Condensed Matter Physics.
Classical Mechanics.
Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics.
Atomic & Molecular Physics.
Nuclear and Particle Physics.
Quantum Mechanics.
JL Chemistry Syllabus 2020
Organic Chemistry.
Physical Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry.
APPSC Jr Lecturer Exam Syllabus 2020 – Botany
Cytology, Genetics, and Cytogenetics.
Biology and Diversity of Lower Plants.
Taxonomy and Diversity of Seed Plants.
Plant Resource Utilization and Conservation.
Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants
Plant Development and Reproduction.
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering of Plants and Microbes.
Plant Ecology.
Plant Physiology and Metabolism.
Junior Lecturers Zoology Syllabus Pdf
Chordata.
Genetics.
Developmental Biology.
Ecology.
General Concepts.
Cell Biology.
System and Cell Physiology.
Histology.
Immunology.
Junior Lecturers Syllabus for APPSC Exam – Statistics
JNVST Class 9 Admit Card 2020 Released | The board released the admit card for the Class 9 Exam. Hence, the Class 9 Exam will be held on 08th February 2020. Therefore, let all the candidates can download the hall ticket from the direct link provided at the bottom of the section. The Institute issued the JNVST Class 9 Admit Card on 18th January 2020.
JNV Admit Card 2020 – The Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti is going to conduct the Phase 2 Exam on 11th April 2020. Hence, Candidates who are going to clear the Phase I Exam with eligible scoring are only eligible to take down the Phase-II Examination. Though, the Institute will release the Navodaya Vidyalaya Class 6 Admit Card in the month of March 2020. So keep track on our webpage to get the Navodaya Vidyalaya Admit Card.
JNV Admit Card 2020 – The Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti has released the NVS Admit Card Details for Entrance Exam. All the registered students can download their Admit Card before the exam schedule. The Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya has released the NVS Class 6 Admit Card details for JNVST Phase1-1 Examinations. It would be an important document for all the students. The Student who failed to take the JNVST Admit Card will not be allowed to write the exam.
Asper the Notifications from the JNVST Board only the applied Students can download the Navodaya Vidyalaya Admit Card from the below-given link. The released Admit Card is only for Class – 6 and the exam date for the entrance exam are 11th January 2020 & Phase 2 Exam on 11th April 2020 based on the State.
The Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Selection Team segregated the exam process given below. It could be only objective type questions. So the students need to prepare for their JNV Class 6 exam based on the below table. Only an extra 30 minutes given to differently-abled students. Download the JNV Admit Card by the side of the exam preparation to take down the examination.
Type of Test
Questions
Marks
Time Duration
Mental Ability Test
40
50
60 minutes
Language Test
20
25
30 minutes
Arithmetic Test
20
25
30 minutes
Total
80
100
2 Hours
Jawahar Navodaya Exam Center Details
Every year the Jawahar Navodaya Board will have an exam on 28 states and 7 Union Territories for Class Students. Now the JNV Board has officially confirmed the exam dates with different states, based on the location the exam dates may vary for the students. So below table represents a clear view of the exam dates and states. Students need to visit our website or official Website to know the updates from the JNVST Board.
(Excluded Dibang Valley & Tawang Districts, Chamba, Kinnaur, Sirmour, Kullu, Mandi, Lahaul & Spiti, and Shimla Districts, Darjeeling)
11th April 2020 (Saturday) (11.30 AM)
Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Jammu and Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttrakhand and in the Districts of Dibang Valley and Tawang of Arunachal Pradesh, in the Districts of Chamba, Kinnaur, Mandi, Sirmour, Kullu, Lahaul & Spiti and Shimlaof Himachal Pradesh, in the District of Darjeeling of West Bengal.
Mandatory Details on JNV Admit Card 2020
The JNVST Admit Card contains all vital details about the students. Below are a few general details given should be available on your NVS Admit Card. Along with the Admit Card Student also carry Adhar Card will be very useful to the JNV Board at the time of Verifications.
Student Name
The venue of the Exam Centre
Date & Time of the Test
Reporting Time to the Exam Hall
Gender (Male/ Female)
Roll Number
Duration of the Test
Space for Invigilator's Signature
Registration Number
Name of the Test Centre
Space for Applicant's Signature
Name of the Exam Conducting Board
Photograph of the Student
Applicant's Date of Birth
Name of the exam
Important Guidelines for the Exam Takers
Full Name of the Applicant
Examination Centre Code
Signature of the Board Counselor
JNV Exam Date 2020 | 11th January 2020 & 11th April 2020
Steps to get JNV Admit Card 2020
To Download NVS Class 6 Admit Card, Students need to provide their registration number along with their Date of Birth. The Students who are not registered with JVNST Exam will not be able to download their JNV Admit Card. Follow the provided below steps to download your Admit Card.
Click the Navodaya Vidyalaya Class 6 Admit Card link from the important links provided below.
Enter your Registration Number and Date of Birth.
Click the submit button to log in to your JNV Page.
Give the required details appearing on the screen
Verify the entered credentials on the NVS Hall Ticket.
After the clear glance Submit the Admit Card.
Finally, download your JNVST Admit Card.
Take a print out of the admit card and carry it for the JNVST Exam Class 6.
JNVST Result – The JNVST result will be updated on our official Webpage, once it is confirmed from the JNVST Board. Visit recruitment.guru daily basis to get the complete updates about the Government Exams.
Dear Candidates !!! Are you searching for Jharkhand PSC Syllabus? If yes, then this article is the right destination for you. All the aspirants who had applied for JPSC Recruitment are in need to gather the JPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 to get the highest scores in the examination. So, in order to help the candidates, we are providing JPSC Syllabus, Exam Pattern, Selection Process and also the Previous Year Question Papers on this page. Candidates can use this wonderful opportunity to achieve their dream job. Go ahead and get more detailed information about JPSC Syllabus 2020.
Dear Folks !! Jharkhand Public Service Commission Officials are going to conducting a Written Examination on 19th January 2020 to filling the various vacancies of the Scientific Officer Posts. Interested candidates can use this amazing opportunity to achieve their dream job. Those aspirants who have applied for the recruitment exam and want to know the JPSC Syllabus 2020 can continue reading the page to get the complete details regarding the exam pattern and its syllabus.
People who are willing to take part in the JPSC Scientific Officer Written Exam must download the JPSC Syllabus along with Jharkhand PSC Scientific Officer Exam Pattern from the direct links disclosed on this page. Jharkhand Public Service Commission Board Authority will conduct the written examination in various examination centres. To those aspirants, we have enclosed the Jharkhand PSC Scientific Officer Exam Syllabus 2020 Subject Wise which will provide information about topics and subtopics essential to prepare well for the examination.
Before appearing in the examination, candidates should have a clear idea about the JPSC Syllabus and Exam Pattern 2020 of the exam. To get recruited through Jharkhand Public Service Commission, candidates need to clear the exam pattern to get qualifying marks in the written examination.
JPSC Scientific Officer Exam Pattern 2020
Name of the Subject
Number of Marks
Type of Examination
Geology Paper I
70
Objective Type Examination
Geology Paper II
60
Geology Paper III
70
Total
200
Selection Procedures:
Most of the job hunters are eagerly waiting to get the job at Jharkhand Public Service Commission which a secure career path for them. If you are one in that group then you need to work hard. Because selection will be purely based on the candidate’s performance and skills which are shown in the following rounds.
Geomorphology of fluvial tracts, arid zones, coastal regions, ‘Karst’ landscapes and glaciated ranges
Geomorphic mapping, slope analysis, and drainage basin analysis
Applications of geomorphology in mineral 1150specting
Civil engineering, hydrology, and environmental studies
Topographical maps
Geomorphology of India Concepts and principles of aerial photography and photogrammetry
Satellite remote sensing data products and their interpretation
Digital image processing
Remote sensing in landform and land use mapping, structural mapping, hydrogeological/ studies and mineral exploration
Global and Indian Space Missions
Geographic Information System (GIS) – principles and applications
Structural Geology
Principles of geological mapping and map reading, projection diagrams
Stress-strain relationships of elastic, plastic and viscous materials
Measurement of strain in deformed rocks
The behaviour of minerals and rocks under deformation conditions.
Structural analysis of folds, cleavages, lineations, joints and faults. Superposed deformation
Mechanism of folding and faulting. Time-relationship between crystallization and deformation
Unconformities and basement-cover relations
Structural behaviour of igneous rocks, diapirs and salt domes
Introduction to petrofabrics.
JPSC Syllabus 2020 – Geotectonics
Earth and the solar system, Meteorites and other extra-terrestrial materials
Planetary evolution of the earth and its internal structure
Heterogeneity of the earth’s crust
Major tectonic features of the Oceanic and Continental crust
Continental drift – geological and geophysical evidence, mechanics, objections, present status
Gravity and magnetic anomalies at Mid-ocean ridges, deep-sea trenches, continental shield areas and mountain chains Palaeomagnetism
Seafloor spreading and Plate Tectonics. Island arcs, Oceanic islands and volcanic arcs. Isostasy, orogeny and epeirogeny.
Seismic belts of the earth
Seismicity and plate movements
Geodynamics of the Indian plate
Stratigraphy
Nomenclature and the modern stratigraphic code
Radioisotopes and measuring
Geological time
Geological time-scale
Stratigraphic procedures of correlation of unfossiliferous rocks
Precambrian stratigraphy of India
Stratigraphy of the Palaeozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic formations of India
Gondwana system and Gondwanaland
Rise of the Himalaya and evolution of Siwalik basin
Deccan Volcanics
Quaternary Stratigraphy
Rock record, palaeoclimate and palaeogeography
JPSC Scientific Officer Syllabus – Palaeontology
The fossil record and geological time-scale
Morphology and time-ranges of fossil groups
Evolutionary changes in molluscs and mammals in geological time Principles of evolution
Use of species and genera of foraminifera and Echinodermata in biostratigraphic correlation
Siwalik vertebrate fauna
Gondwana flora, evidence of life in Precambrian times, different microfossil groups and their distribution in India
Geology Paper II
Mineralogy – JPSC Syllabus 2020
Physical, chemical and crystal/demographic characteristics of common rock-forming silicate mineral groups
Structural classification of silicates
Common minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks
Minerals of the carbonate, phosphate, sulphide and halide groups Optical properties of common rock-forming silicate .minerals, uniaxial and biaxial minerals
Extinction angles, pleochroism, the birefringence of minerals and their relation with mineral composition
Twinned crystals
Dispersion
The U-stage
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Forms, textures and structures of igneous rocks
Silicate melt equilibria, binary and ternary phase diagrams
Petrology and geotectonic evolution of granites, basalts, andesites and alkaline rocks
Petrology of gabbros, kimberlites, anorthosites and carbonatites
Origin of primary basic magmas
Textures and structures of metamorphic rocks
Regional and contact metamorphism of pelitic and impure calcareous rocks
Mineral assemblages
PIT conditions
Experimental and thermodynamic appraisal of metamorphic reactions
Characteristics of different grades and facies of metamorphism
Metasomatism and granitization, migmatites
Plate tectonics and metamorphic zones
Paired metamorphic belts
Sedimentology – JPSC Syllabus for Scientific Officer
Provenance and diagenesis of sediments
Sedimentary textures
Framework matrix and cement of terrigenous sediments
Definition, measurement and interpretation of grain size
Elements of hydraulics. Primary structures, palaeocurrent analysis
Biogenic and chemical sedimentary structures
Sedimentary environment- and facies
Facies modelling for marine, non-marine and mixed sediments
Tectonics and sedimentation
Classification and definition 02sedimentary basins, Sedimentary basins of India
Cyclic sediments
Seismic and sequence stratigraphy
Purpose and scope of basin analysis
Structure contours and isopach maps
JPSC Scientific Officer Geochemistry Syllabus
Earth in relation to the solar system and universe, a cosmic abundance of elements
Compositor of the planets and meteorites
Structure and composition of earth and distribution of elements
Trace elements
Elementary crystal chemistry and thermodynamics
Introduction to isotope geochemistry
Geochemistry of hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere
Geochemical cycle and principles of geochemical prospecting
JPSC Environmental Geology Syllabus
Concepts and principles
Natural hazards – preventive/precautionary measures – floods, landslides, earthquakes, river and coastal erosion
Impact assessment of anthropogenic activities
Urbanization
Opencast mining and quarrying
River-valley projects
Disposal of industrial and radioactive waste
Excess withdrawal of groundwater
Use of fertilizers
Dumping of ores, mine’ waste and fly-ash
Organic and inorganic contamination of groundwater and their remedial measures
Soil degradation and remedial measures
Environment protection – legislative measures in India
Geology Paper III
Indian mineral deposits and mineral economics
Occurrence and distribution in India of metalliferous deposits base metals, iron, manganese, aluminium, chromium, nickel, gold, silver, molybdenum
Indian deposits of non-metals – mica, asbestos, barytes, gypsum, graphite, apatite and beryl
Gemstones, refractory minerals, abrasives and minerals used in glass, fertilizer, paint, ceramic and cement industries
Building stones
Phosphorite deposits
Placer deposits, rare earth minerals
Strategic, critical and essential minerals
India’s status in mineral production
Changing patterns of mineral consumption
National Mineral Policy
Mineral
Concession Rules
Marine mineral resources and Law of Sea
Ore genesis – JPSC Scientific Officer Syllabus
Ore deposits and ore minerals
Magmatic processes of mineralisation
Porphyry, skarn and hydrothermal mineralisation
Fluid inclusion studies
Mineralisation associated with (i) ultramafic, mafic and acidic rocks, (ii) greenstone belts, (iii) komatiites, anorthosites and kimberlites and (iv) submarine volcanism
Magmarelated mineralisation through geological time
Stratiform and stratabound ores
Ores and metamorphism – cause and effect relations
Mineral exploration Syllabus
Methods of surface and subsurface exploration, prospecting for economic minerals – drilling, sampling and assaying
Geophysical techniques – gravity, electrical, magnetic, airborne and seismic
Geomorphological and remote sensing techniques
Geobotanical and geochemical methods
Borehole logging and surveys for deviation
JPSC Scientific Officer Geology of fuels Syllabus
Definition, the origin of coal
Stratigraphy of coal measures
Fundamentals of coal petrology, peat, lignite, bituminous and anthracite coal
Microscopic constituents of coal
Industrial application of coal petrology
Indian coal deposits
Diagenesis of organic materials
Origin, migration and entrapment of natural hydrocarbons
Characters of source and reservoir rocks
Structural, stratigraphic and mixed traps
Techniques of exploration
Geographical and geological distributions of onshore and offshore petroliferous basins of India
Mineralogy and geochemistry of radioactive minerals
Instrumental techniques of detection and measurement of the radioactivity
Radioactive methods for prospecting and assaying of mineral deposits
Distribution of radioactive minerals in India
Radioactive methods in petroleum exploration – well logging techniques
Nuclear waste disposal – geological constraints
Engineering geology
Mechanical properties of rocks and soils
Geological investigations for river valley projects – Dams and reservoirs; tunnels – types, methods and problems
Bridges – types and foundation problems
Shoreline engineering
Landslides – classification, causes, prevention and rehabilitation
Jharkhand APO Syllabus updated here for Candidates to download at free of cost. Get the latest updated Jharkhand PSC Assistant Public Prosecutor Syllabus along with Exam Pattern. We have stated the Syllabus details to simplify the candidate's work without wasting on browsing unwanted topics. Refer to this entire article & plan the preparation time for the exam.
The Officials of the Jharkhand Public Service Commission is intending to lead the Examinations for all the candidates whoever applied for the posts of District Sports Officer and Asst Director/Sub Divisional AO. The Board Authority of Jharkhand Public Service Commission will be conducted the examination. So, all the candidates must check JPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 details from this webpage. Alongside, candidates can get more information on JPSC District Sports Officer and Asst Director/Sub Divisional AO Syllabus, Exam Pattern and Selection Process 2020.
Applied candidates preparing for the JPSC District Sports Officer and Asst Director/Sub Divisional AO Exam must have to make sure to cover all the topics provided below. Make sure to include all the topics in the preparation curriculum. With a well-planned preparation, candidates can easily crack the exam. To help the candidates we have made some research on the Jharkhand PSC Examination Syllabus and have made them available to help candidates with the preparation. Candidates can check all essential details of JPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 instantly here and Through this JPSC Exam Syllabus schedule, candidates can make the strategy for the Preparation of the exam. Direct Official Link for each recent Updates on JPSC District Sports Officer and Asst Director/Sub Divisional AO Syllabus is Provided in this Page.
Jharkhand State PSC Exam 2020 – Overview
Description
Details
Name of the Organization
Jharkhand Public Service Commission
No of Vacancies
Various
Name of the Post
District Sports Officer, Asst Director / Sub Divisional AO
Interested candidates can gather the JPSC Exam Pattern 2020 details from the table given below. The written examination is conducted for all the applicants who had applied for the post of the District Sports Officer, Asst Director / Sub Divisional Agriculture Officer. Here, all the aspirants can get the complete format of the Jharkhand Public Service Commission Examination. This Jharkhand PSC Exam Pattern 2020 includes the name of the exam, number of questions, number of marks, name of the subjects, time duration, and others.
JPSC DSO Exam Pattern 2020
Paper
Name of the Subject
Type of Examination
I
General Theory & Methods of Sports Training
Written Examination
Sports Physiology
Sports Psychology
General Science
Current Affairs
II
History & Laws of Game
Sports Management
Physical Education
Jharkhand PSC AD/Sub Divisional AO Exam Pattern
Name of the Subject
Number of Marks
Type of Examination
Geology Paper I
70
Objective Type
Geology Paper II
60
Geology Paper III
70
Total
200
Selection Procedures:
The Selection Procedures will be based on the candidates’ performance in the following rounds. The Jharkhand PSC Examination Selection Process 2020 detailed information is given in this section. Candidates who want to achieve their dream career through the JPSC Examination have to perform well in all of these selection processes mentioned below.
JPSC Civil Services Syllabus Pdf 2020 here. Jharkhand Public Service Commission has announced the Combined Civil Services Examination Date i.e 23rd February 2020. Candidates who have applied for the Jharkhand PSC Combined Civil Services Exam and looking for the JPSC Syllabus and Exam Pattern. Download JPSC CCS Prelims and Mains Syllabus along with the Exam Pattern. Here we have given the JPSC CCS Syllabus, Scheme of the Examination, Exam dates, Timings.
Are you searching for the JPSC Civil Services Syllabus? then you are in the place where you can get the complete details. Candidates who have applied for the Jharkhand Public Service Commission CCS Exam start preparation as soon as possible. Aspirants can download the JPSC Combined Civil Services Syllabus Pdf and Exam Pattern through the direct link attached below.
As per the recent update, Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission want to hire various candidates for the posts of Civil Judge/Munsiffs. Aspirants who have applied for the JKPSC Recruitment 2020 can appear for the Written Examination which is going to conducted on 17th February 2020. So, candidates are requested to read the detailed JKPSC Civil Judge Syllabus 2020 provided on this page. It is very useful to the aspirants and makes them good enough to take the Examination.
Now, candidates who had applied for Civil Judge Post standing in the right place scroll down to read the detailed information about the JKPSC Civil Judge Syllabus and Exam Pattern 2020. Check out the JKPSC Civil Judge Exam Pattern 2020 provided on this page before going to start the exam preparation. For the sake of candidates, we have prescribed the Jammu and Kashmir PSC Civil Judge Syllabus 2020, Exam Pattern, and also the JKPSC Civil Judge Previous Year Papers on this page.
Indian Constitution Law and Constitution of Jammu&Kashmir
Criminal Procedure Code
General Knowledge
Paper-II
Registration Act
225
120 minutes
Transfer of Property Act
Rules & orders for the guidance of Subordinate Courts (Civil&Criminal) & Circular orders issued by High Court
Right of Prior Purchase Act
Financial Code Volume I & II
Kashmir Service Regulation Chapters III to XIII and XXII and XXIII
Civil Procedure Code
JKPSC Civil Judge Mains Exam Pattern 2020
Type of Exam
Paper
Name of the Subject
Maximum Marks
Time Duration
Objective type (Multiple Choice Question)
Paper-I
Compulsory Subject Papers
For each paper 100 marks will be allotted
Exam Duration for each paper is 120 minutes
Paper-II
Paper-III
Paper-IV
Paper-V
Paper-VI
Paper-I
Optional Subject Papers
Paper-II
Paper-III
Paper-IV
Paper-V
Paper-VI
JKPSC Civil Judge Selection Procedures:
Aspirants after applying for the Examination, must and should have a clear idea regarding the JKPSC Civil Judge Selection Process 2020. All the aspirants must prepare well in the following selection rounds to recruit as a Civil Judge/Munsiffs in the Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission.
Preliminary Examination
Mains Examination
Viva Voice
Document Verification
Download JKPSC Civil Judge Syllabus 2020 PDF
JKPSC Civil Judge Prelims Syllabus 2020
Part-I
Limitation Act
Evidence Act
Indian Constitution Law and Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir State
Criminal Procedure Code
Ranbir Panel Code
General Knowledge
Part-II
Kashmir Service Regulation Chapters III to XIII and XXII and XXIII
Registration Act
Right of Prior Purchase Act
Houses and Shops Rent Control Act
Rules & orders for the guidance of Subordinate Courts (Civil&Criminal)
JKPSC Syllabus 2020: Dear Candidates !! Are you searching for the JKPSC Assistant Engineer Syllabus 2020? If yes then it is the right destination. Here, we had provided the details of JKPSC Assistant Engineer Syllabus 2020 according to subject wise for the Examination. The Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission Official are going to conducting the Written Examination for recruiting Assistant Engineer. Go through this entire page to know the detailed information on Jammu and Kashmir PSC Assistant Engineer Syllabus and the Exam Pattern 2020.
All the aspirants who have applied for the JKPSC Recruitment 2020 can download JKPSC Assistant Engineer Syllabus 2020 along with Exam Pattern from this page. All the applied candidates can use this golden chance to prepare well for the Jammu and Kashmir PSC Assistant Engineer Examination. Also, we have furnished the direct link to download the JKPSC Assistant Engineer Syllabus 2020 in PDF for free of cost according to subject wise. Refer JKPSC Assistant Engineer Exam Pattern along with the JKPSC Assistant Engineer Previous Papers with Solution to score qualifying marks in the examination.
Aspirants can gather the JKPSC Assistant Engineer Exam Pattern 2020 details from the table given below. Here, all the aspirants can get the complete format of the Jammu & Kashmir PSC Examination. The Jammu and Kashmir PSC Exam Pattern 2020 includes the type of exam, number of questions, number of marks, name of the subject, time duration, and also others.
JKPSC Assistant Engineer Exam Pattern 2020
S.No
Type of Examination
Name of the Subject
1
Objective Type
Concerned Subjects (Electrical)
JKPSC AE Selection Procedures 2020:
The contenders will be selected on the basis of their performance in the following selection rounds. The JKPSC Assistant Engineer Selection Procedures 2020 detailed information is given in this section. Candidates who want to achieve their dream career through the Jammu and Kashmir PSC Examination have to perform well in all of these selection rounds given below.
Written Examination
Interview
Download JKPSC AE Syllabus 2020 PDF
Jammu and Kashmir PSC AE (Electrical) Syllabus 2020
Primary and secondary cells
Dry accumulators
Solar Cells
A steady-state analysis of d.c. and a.c.
Network, network theorems
Network functions
Laplace techniques
Transient response
Frequency response
Three-phase networks
Inductively coupled circuits
Mathematical modeling of dynamic linear systems
Transfer functions
Block diagrams
Stability of control systems
Electrostatic and magnetostatic field analysis
Maxwell's equations
Wave equations and electromagnetic waves
Basic methods of measurements
Standards
Error analysis
Indicating instruments
Cathode-ray oscilloscope
Measurement of voltage
Current
Power resistance
Inductance
Capacitance
Frequency
Time and flux
Electronic meters
Vacuum based and Semiconductor devices and analysis of electronic Circuits
Single and multistage audio, and radio
Small signal and large signal amplifiers: oscillators and feedback amplifiers
Waveshaping circuits and time base generators: multi-vibrators and digital circuits
Modulation and demodulation circuits
Transmission line at audio
Radio and U.H. Frequencies
Wire and Radio communication
Generation of e.m.f. and torque in the rotation machine
Motor and generator characteristics of d.c. synchronous and induction machines
Equivalent circuits
Commutation starters
Phase diagram
Losses, regulation
Power transformers
Modeling of transmission lines, steady
State and transient stability
Surge phenomena and insulation coordination
Protective devices and schemes for power system equipment
Conversion of a.c. to d.c. and d.c. to a.c. controlled and uncontrolled power
APPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 for Degree Lecturer, Group II (Executive & Non-Executive), Asst Social Welfare Officer, Asst Tribal Welfare Officer, Deputy Surveyors, Assistant Motor Vehicle Inspector & other posts download links are provided here. Interested candidates who would like to crack the Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission Examination, can check the Syllabus and Exam Pattern here. This will help you to start your exam preparation. Moreover, you can also get details of APPSC Syllabus 2020 PDF, Exam Pattern, Exam Dates, APPSC Previous Papers and also other details here.
APPSC Syllabusfor Group 1 Exam. Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission Syllabus & Exam Pattern for Group 1 Exam is furnished here. Candidates can check the APPSC Syllabus & APPSC Group 1 Previous Year Question Paper given here and start the preparation. With the help of the Syllabus & Exam Pattern, you will get to know the idea about the APPSC Group I Examination
APPSC Syllabus – Aspirants who have applied for AP Government Polytechnic Lecturer Job check the Exam Pattern & Syllabus Details to get qualify in the written examination. The Exam Date for the AP Polytechnic Lecturer Exam has scheduled for 17th to 20th February 202012th to 15th March 2020. Check the subject wise topic details and prepare well for the Jharkhand Home Guard Examination 2020. Get Andhra Pradesh PSC Polytechnic Lecturer Syllabus Pdf Download @psc.ap.gov.in. Note down the topics we have stated below and prepare according to grab your desired job.
Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission Board Authority is going to conduct the written examination for the Degree College Lecturer Posts. Applicants who have filled the online application forms can begin their preparation by knowing the APPSC Degree College Lecturer Syllabus 2020and the Exam Pattern. Applicants can get APPSC Exam Syllabus 2020and the Exam Pattern 2020 from the below sections. It is the right destination for the candidates who are searching for APPSC Degree College Lecturer Syllabus 2020.
Job seekers who are going to take part in the Andhra Pradesh Degree College Lecturer Examination need to concentrate more on their preparation. Andhra PradeshPSC Exam Syllabus and the Exam Pattern provides information about the APPSC Examination. Knowing APPSC Degree College Lecturer Exam Pattern 2020 will help the applicants to stay ahead from competitors. Download APPSC Exam Syllabus, Exam Pattern and also the APPSC Degree College Lecturer Previous Papers to prepare well for the exam. Scroll down to know more information about the APPSC Degree College Lecturer Syllabus 2020.
The Selection Process to hire the Degree College Lecturers, officials are going to conduct two stages of selection. First, the candidates need to qualify in the Written Examination. The candidates who want to gain good marks in the written exam, those candidates must download the APPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 PDF. Further candidates move to the final stage that is Interview.
Written Examination
Interview
Download APPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 PDF
APPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 – General Studies & Mental Ability
General Science and its applications to the day to day life Contemporary developments in Science & Technology
and Information Technology
The social-economic and political history of modern India with emphases on Indian national movement
Indian polity and governance: constitutional issues, public policy, reforms and e-governance initiatives
Economic development in India since independence
Events of national and international importance
Current affairs- international, national and regional
Physical geography of India sub-continent
Disaster management: vulnerability profile, prevention, and mitigation strategies, Application of Remote
Sensing and GIS in the assessment of Disaster
Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection
Logical reasoning, analytical ability, and data interpretation
Data Analysis: Tabulation of Visual data representation of data Basic data analysis and Interpretation
Bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh and it's Administrative, Economic, Social, Cultural, Political
Loss of capital city challenges in building the new capital, and it's financial implications.
Division and rebuilding of common Institutions
AP REORGANISATION ACT, 2014 on AP and the arbitrariness of certain provisions
Division of employees, their relocation and nativity issues
Effect of bifurcation on commerce and entrepreneurs
Implications for financial resources of state government
The task of post-bifurcation infrastructure development and opportunities for investments
The socioeconomic, cultural and demographic impact of bifurcation
Impact of bifurcation on river water sharing and consequential issues
Concerned Subjects For APPSC College Lecturer Exam
Applicants who have registered for the APPSC Group II Exams can check out the below section to know the Exam Syllabus and Group II Exam Pattern details. With the help of the Syllabus & Exam Pattern, you will get to know the idea about the APPSC Group II Examination. The below section is the list out of APPSC Group II Exam Syllabus and Pattern 2020.
Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission (APPSC) released recruitment notification for 78 ASO (Assistant Statistical Officer) posts. It’s very important to know the syllabus & exam pattern to understand the structure of the exam. Thus, here we have given Andhra Pradesh PSC Asst Statistical Officer (ASO) Exam Pattern & syllabus in the below sections.
Applicants who are searching for APPSC Gazetted Syllabus & exam pattern check out this page for all the necessary details. Here you can get complete details of APPSC Assistant B.C. Welfare Officer syllabus 2020 along with exam pattern details. With the help of APPSC Assistant Social welfare Officer Exam Pattern & Syllabus 2020, we can know the weightage of subjects, the structure of the exam, etc. However, for further more details of Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission (APPSC) Tribal Welfare Officer &other posts exam check the official website.
Download Pdf link for Andhra Pradesh PSC Surveyor Recruitment 2020 syllabus pdf is available here. Since the prelims exam is already over and the mains exam is nearing, aspirants may be searching for the updated syllabus details along with exam pattern, exam dates and previous year papers for this exam. Applicants can get all the above details in this article. However, go through further sections to get complete details related to Andhra Pradesh Deputy Surveyor Exam Syllabus 2020.
ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ పబ్లిక్ సర్వీస్ కమిషన్ Surveyor Exam 2020 – Overview
Candidates who are seeking for jobs under the Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission can now apply for the Forest Range Officer Posts. To get into these jobs aspirants need to qualify the prelims as well as the mains examination. And for that candidates need to prepare well for the examination. Here on this page aspirants can get the complete details of the APPSC Syllabus as well as the Exam Pattern 2018-19.
Name of the Organization
Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission (APPSC)
Name of the Posts
Forest Range Officer
No of Vacancies
24
Category
Syllabus
Official Website
psc.ap.gov.in
Andhra Pradesh PSC Forest Range Officer Selection Process
Candidates will be selected based on the performance in the following procedures-
Screening Examination
Main Examination
Physical Examination
APPSC Forest Range Officer Exam Pattern 2020 – Screening Test
Subject
No. of Q
Marks
Part – A
General Studies & Mental Ability and Mathematics (SSC Standard)
75
75
Part – B
General Forestry – I & II
75
75
Total
150
The paper will consist of Objective Type Questions.
AP PSC Forest Range Officer Main Examination Exam Pattern 2020
Subject
Marks
Questions
Minutes
General English (50 marks) & General Telugu (50 marks)
100 Marks (Qualifying Test)
100 Questions
100 Minutes
Paper – 1 General Studies & Mental Ability
150 Marks
150 Questions
150 Minutes
Paper-2 Mathematics (SSC standard)
150 Marks
150 Questions
150 Minutes
Paper-3 General Forestry – I
150 Marks
150 Questions
150 Minutes
Paper – 4 General Forestry – II
150 Marks
150 Questions
150 Minutes
Total Marks
700
APPSC Exam Syllabus For Forest Range Officer Pdf 2020
General Studies and Mental Ability:
General Science
Current events of national and international importance.
History of India
Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection etc.
Mathematics (SSC Standard):
Algebra
Arithmetic
Trigonometry
Mensuration
Statistics etc.
General Forestry – I:
Plant Science
Plant Varieties
Agriculture
Plant Propagation
Soil Science
Geology etc.
General Forestry – II:
Ecosystems & Wildlife
Nutrition
Forest Protection and Wildlife Biology
Economic Zoology
Sampling Theory etc.
For the detailed syllabus go through the Syllabus Mentioned Below –
APPSC Assistant Motor Vehicle Inspector Syllabus 2020
APPSC has released 23 Assistant Motor Vehicle Inspector Syllabus. Candidates who are interested to apply for the posts can go through the APPSC Assistant Motor Vehicle Inspector Syllabus that are mentioned below. Candidates need to appear for the Written Examination to get the job. So go through the full notification and prepare well for APPSC 2020.
AP PSC Syllabus – APPSC Assistant Professor Exam Pattern 2020
Paper
Name of the Subjects
Marks
Questions
Duration
I
Teaching and Research Aptitude
120
120
2 Hours
II
Arts, Humanities, Commerce, Law, Social Sciences, and others
180
180
3 Hours
Sciences
Engineering, Pharmacy, and Architecture
It will consist of Objective Type Questions
Download AP PSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf
Here is the detailed APPSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf for all subjects. Check the Andhra Pradesh PSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf and Exam Pattern to get an idea of preparing an exam.
APPSC Syllabus for Teaching and Research Aptitude
General Ability
Differential Geometry.
Differential Equations.
Dynamics.
Number Systems
Fractions
The relationship between Numbers
Fundamental arithmetical operations
Number Systems
Computation of Whole Numbers
Statistics
Primary Mathematics
Analytical Geometry
Calculus
Statics
Real Analysis
Numbers
Fundamental arithmetical operations
Operations Research & Linear Programming
Algebra
General Knowledge
History of India
Geography of India
Political Science
About India and it's neighboring countries
National and international current affairs
Countries and Capitals
Economic issues in India
National News (current)
International issues
Scientific observations
Indian Culture
New inventions
English
Antonyms
Synonyms/ Homonyms
Spot the error
Sentence structure
Spellings
Detecting Mis-spelt words
One word substitutions
Verbal Comprehension passage etc
Verbs
Shuffling of sentence parts
Idioms and phrases
Shuffling of Sentences in a passage
Improvement
passage
Adjectives
General Intelligence
Number Series
Letter and Symbol Series
Verbal Classification
Statement and Assumption
The Course of Action
Statement and Conclusion
Theme Detection
Cause and Effect
Statement and Argument
Logical Deduction
Essential Part
Analogies
Artificial Language
Matching Definitions
Making Judgments
Verbal Reasoning
Logical Problems
Logical Games
Analyzing Arguments
APPSC Assistant Professor Syllabus 2020 Pdf for Paper – II
Adult Education
Anthropology
Archaeology
Commerce
Economics/Applied Economics/Econometrics
Education
English
Hindi
History
International and Area Studies
Kannada
Labor Welfare & Human Resource Management
Law
Library & Information Science
Linguistics
Management
Mass Communication and Journalism
Music
Performing Arts – Dance & Drama Theatre
Philosophy
Physical Education
Political Science
Population Studies
Psychology
Public Administration
Rural Development
Sanskrit
Social Work
Sociology
Tamil
Telugu
Tourism
Yoga
AP PSC Asst Professor Syllabus for Sciences
Chemical Sciences
Computer Science and Applications
Electronics and Instrumentation
Environmental Sciences
Food Technology
Geography
Geology
Geophysics
Home Science
Life Sciences
Material Science & Nanotechnology
Mathematics
Meteorology
Ocean Sciences
Physical Sciences
Polymer Science & Technology
Sericulture
Statistics
APPSC Syllabus for Engineering, Pharmacy & Architecture
Architecture and Planning
Civil Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Computer Science and Information Technology Engineering
Download Pdf available for APPSC Junior Assistant Syllabus 2020 Pdf. Participants of Andhra Pradesh PSC Recruitment 2020 of Jr Assistant written exam can get the exam syllabus and Test Pattern. Therefore, Download the APPSC Syllabus for Junior Assistant Exam 2018 from this article. – APPSC official website: www.psc.ap.gov.in.
APPSC Exam Syllabus 2020 Pdf
The Eligible applicants of Andhra Pradesh PSC Jobs of Junior Assistant vacancies can be selected through the written examination. In this article, we have provided the Computer Operator Syllabus for the guidance of exam participants. Individuals those looking for the right place to get the APPSC Junior Assistant Exam Syllabus 2020 & Exam Pattern can get their required information on our website. You may also visit the Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission official website www.psc.ap.gov.in for detailed Jr Assistant exam details. Practice the provided APPSC Previous papers of the Junior Assistant exam. By practicing, individuals can gain Subject knowledge along with the difficulty level of the examination. So, Refer and Download the APPSC syllabus pdf and junior assistant question papers given in the below sections.
The Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission circulated an Employment News for recruitment Junior Assistant cum Typist vacancies. Individuals who applied can be selected through the screening test and CBT Exam. Hence, we have provided the APPSC Screening test syllabus for the Junior Assistant exam. Candidates can also get the free download pdf of APPSC Computer Operator Syllabus 2018 if available on the official website www.psc.ap.gov.in. So, before beginning the exam preparation refer or download the provided syllabi pdf. Other details like Govt Jobs in AP Andhra Pradesh Revenue Mandal Office APPSC Notification, vacancy updates on Junior assistant jobs in MRO office, Junior assistant exam dates can be given in the below notification link.
The presented the AP PSC Exam pattern of Junior Assistant exam helps to know the structure of the Screening Test. The Questions might be asked from the above subject topics. So, note down the subject topics and its sub-topics of Jr Assistant APPSC new syllabus 2018 in Telugu from this article.
APPSC new syllabus 2018: General Studies
History, Economics, Civics, and Geography.
Physical Science.
Natural Science.
Current Affairs, Current Events of National & International Importance.
Reasoning and Analytical Ability.
Basic things about Disaster management (CBSE- VIII & IX Standard).
Bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh and its Administrative.
Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection.
Economic, Social, Cultural, Political, and legal implications/problems.
[Practice GK Quiz and Get General Knowledge Questions & Answer by GK Questions ]
APPSC Syllabus in Telugu: Numerical&Arithmetical Abilities
Average.
Number Systems.
Discount.
Simplification.
Mensuration.
Decimals.
Time & Distance.
Fractions.
Tables & Graphs etc. of the 10th Level.
L.C.M & H.C.F.
Time & Work.
Ratio and Proportion.
Simple & Compound Interest.
Percentage.
Profit & Loss.
Comprehension
Descriptive Passage.
Logical Passage.
Narrative Passage.
Proficiency in Office Automation with the usage of Computers and Associated Software
Example: Typing a letter/passage/paragraph ( about 100-150 words ) in MS-Word 15.
Preparation of a Table/Graph in MS-Excel.
Preparation of PowerPoint Presentations/Slides (Two) on MS-PowerPoint.
Creation and manipulation of databases.
Displaying the content of E-mail (Inbox).
APPSC Syllabus Pdf 2018: Computer Literacy
Computer Applications and Basics of DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, DB Management, DTP.
Concepts of E-Governance including E-Mail, E-Commerce, the Internet, Computer Viruses.
M.S-Office (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Etc.).
Direct Download Link for APPSC Junior Assistant Syllabus 2018 Pdf
From the provided APPSC syllabus 2020 for Junior Assistant cum Typist/ Computer Assistant exam candidates can begin their preparation. We may not guarantee the same related topic questions will come across the CBT Exam. So, use this Andhra Pradesh PSC Junior assistant exam syllabus 2020 as a referral. Check the MRO Office official website or AP PSC website www.psc.ap.gov.in for further information on the APPSC 2020 syllabus of the Computer Assistant Screening test. Below given link is the direct link to download the AP PSC Syllabus for Junior Assistant exam.
Searching for Haryana Police Syllabus 2020 pdf? Then you are in the right place for your search. Here we have given detailed Haryana Police Constable Syllabus along with exam pattern that can be used by the candidates to score good marks in the exam. We have also given a direct link to download syllabus pdf for reference. For further details read the below sections of the article and start preparing for the exam.
Haryana Police Syllabus 2020
Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC) various Police vacancies are out now. Applicants who are applying for the Haryana Police exam 2020 and are searching for the exam syllabus. For those aspirants, we are providing Police Constable & Sub Inspector exam pattern and syllabus to help applicants in getting an idea about the structure of the exam. The last date to apply for the exam is on 28th June 2020, So job seekers who have not yet applied apply as soon as possible.
Haryana Police Recruitment 2020 notification was released to fill up to 6400 male & female candidates for Police Constable and Sub Inspector posts. Since it’s a great opportunity for candidates who have done graduation in any stream. There will be many people applying for the exam and competition will be very high. Thus, here we have given detailed Subject Wise Haryana HSSC Police SI Syllabus 2020 & Exam Pattern for helping aspirants in preparation of the exam.
Haryana Police Constable/ SI notification 2020 – Details
The Selection process of Haryana Police Vacancy 2020 recruitment is of 4 stages in total. They are:
Written Exam
Physical Screening Test
Physical Measurement Test
Document Verification
Haryana Police Constable/SI exam pattern 2020
Exam pattern of HSSC Police Constable
Topics
No. Of Questions
Marks
General Knowledge
100
80
Reasoning Ability
Numerical Ability
Agriculture
Current Affairs
Animal Husbandry
General Science
The exam questions will be of Objective type questions.
Each correct answer carries 0.8 marks.
The exam paper will be in both English & Hindi.
Minimum 10 questions are expected from the Computer Awareness section.
Physical Screening Test (PST) – (Physical Fitness and Endurance Test)
Applicants
Test Distance
Qualifying Time
Male
2.5 KM
12 Minutes
Female
1.0 KM
6 Minutes
Ex.Service Men
1.0 KM
5 Minutes
This Physical screening test will be taken only after qualifying in the written exam.
Physical Screening Test is only qualifying in nature.
only the aspirants who qualify in all the standards of PST will be allowed to take part in the further selection process.
Physical Measurement Test (PMT)
Category
Height
Chest
Male
170 CM (General category)
83 to 87 CM with an expansion of 4 CM (minimum)
168 CM (eligible reserved categories)
81 to 85 CM with an expansion of 4 CM (minimum)
Female
158 CM (General category)
Nil
156 CM (eligible reserved categories)
Nil
Physical Measurement Test is qualifying in nature.
The aspirants who fail in PMT will be eliminated from the further process.
For Additional Qualification & other many more details visit the official site.
Download HSSC Police Constable/ SI Syllabus 2020 pdf
The Syllabus of the Haryana Police Constable/SI post is given in detail over here. The syllabus is given in subject wise so it will be easier to prepare for the exam according to subjects. Applicants who are appearing for the Haryana Police exam 2020 can go through the detailed syllabus.
General Knowledge & Current Affairs
History of India (Haryana mostly) & its Adjacent Countries
Culture
Geography
Economical Scenario
Constitution of India & State Administration
Political series of Country Five-Year Plan
Contribution of Haryana in the National Movement.
Reasoning Ability
Analogies
Similarities and differences
Problem-solving
Relationship
Arithmetical computation and other analytical functions
Venn diagrams
Relationship concepts
Ability to observe and distinguish patterns etc.
Numerical Ability
Number Systems
Simplification
Decimals
Fractions
L.C.M.
H.C.F.
Ratio & Proportion
Percentage
Average
Profit & Loss
Discount
Simple & Compound Interest
Mensuration
Time & Work
Time & Distance
Tables & Graphs, etc.
General Science
Scientific methodology concepts, principles, and techniques
Physics
Chemistry
Life sciences (Biology)
The earth/space sciences, technologies, etc.
Agriculture
History/ Facts of Agriculture
Fruits & Vegetable
Crop Production
Soil
Fertility
Fertilizing
Irrigation and Damage
Weed/Pests Control
Types of Crops
Soil & Land
Horticulture
Plantation and Deforestation etc.
Animal Husbandry
Importance of animal
Livestock farming
Animal Nutrition and nutritional importance
Dairy
Animal breeds
Diseases and symptoms in animals etc.
Related Links to Haryana police Syllabus 2020
Get HSSC Haryana Police Official Syllabus 2020 Pdf
The Haryana Staff Selection has given the HSSC Syllabus 2020. The candidates who have applied for the exam and searching for the syllabus can now easily find the Haryana SSC Syllabus 2020 here. Also, you can find the HSSC Exam Pattern & Syllabus 2020 on our page. Refer to the updated HSSC Exam Syllabus & Test Pattern 2020 for Haryana Constable, Sub Inspector, Craft Instructor, Computer Instructor, Engineer Posts. You can also know more about the Haryana Staff Selection Commission Syllabus 2020 at www.hssc.gov.in.
Haryana SSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf
Candidates who are applying for the various posts under HSSC like Instructor, Welder, Excise & Taxation Inspector, Group 4 & all other posts can get here the complete details. So, go through the below links and start preparing your examination before its too late.
HSSC Syllabus 2020 is out for Constable & Sub Inspector posts!! Candidates who are going to give Haryana Staff Selection Commission Constable & SI Exam can download the complete updated Syllabus with Exam Pattern here. Aspirants are advised to check the below section of this page to find more details about HSSC Constable & SI exam 2020.
Good News for the Applicants who want to get settle under Haryana Government Jobs. Yes, What you heard is right. The Haryana Staff Selection Commission is releasing various vacancies for the Group C Posts i.e. Constable and Sub Inspector. Interested aspirants can apply for HSSC Careers. The applicant of HSSC Constable & SI must have basic knowledge of Syllabus and Test Pattern. So, we people from recruitment.guru have updated the complete HSSC Constable & SI Syllabus along with Exam pattern here. Job Seeker can get it for free of cost. Check related jobs like HSSC jobs in Employment News.
Haryana SSC Sub Inspector Syllabus 2020 – Overview
The Selection Process for HSSC SI & Constable Vacancies is provided below –
Written Examination (Knowledge Test)
Physical Screening Test (PST)
Physical Measurement Test (PMT)
Document Verification
HSSC Constable & SI Exam Pattern 2020
Sl No
Name of the Subject
No of Questions
Marks
1
General Studies
100
80 Marks
2
General Science
3
Current Affairs
4
General Reasoning
5
Mental Aptitude
6
Numeric Ability
7
Agriculture
8
Animal Husbandry
9
Other relevant fields/ trades etc.
The HSSC exam will be in Objective type.
The duration of the examination is 90 Minutes i.e. 1 1/2 hour
Each question will carry 0.80 Marks i.e. a total of 80 Marks
This exam consists of 100 Questions
The language of this question paper is bilingual i.e. English and Hindi respectively.
The Aspirants who are eagerly waiting to participate in Haryana Staff Selection Commission Constable and Sub Inspector exam can check the complete syllabus here. Without having proper knowledge of syllabus one cannot get a good score in the examination. Getting qualify in the examination boards like HSSC is not a simple task. We are advising to those applicants who are going to write this exam please go through this article to get notified of HSSC Constable and Sub Inspector Exam Syllabus and Exam pattern. Hence, we have updated all the HSSC Constable Important syllabus here. Contenders can download it at free of cost.
HSSC SI Syllabus 2020
HSSC Syllabus 2020 – General Studies
Geography
Economical Scenario in India
Indian Constitution
About Five years plans
Indian Culture
The Contribution of Haryana in the National Movement
History of India
Political Science
Constable & SI Syllabus for HSSC Exam 2020 – General Science
Principles
Technologies
The Earth
Chemistry
Techniques of Physics
Competency of Scientific Methodology
Haryana Staff Selection Commission SI Syllabus 2020 – Numerical Ability
HSSC Gram Sachiv Syllabus Details are updated here. People who are willing to take part in the HSSC Gram Sachiv Written Exam must download the HSSC Syllabus along with Exam Pattern from the direct links disclosed on this page. Haraya Staff Selection Commission Authority will conduct the written examination on 12th January 2020. We have stated the syllabus details essential to prepare well for the examination. Scroll down to get further details
General Awareness, Reasoning, Maths, Science, Computer, English, Hindi, Concerned or relevant subject, as applicable
75%
History, Current Affairs, Literature, Geography, Civics, Environment, Culture, etc. of Haryana
25%
Haryana HSSC Gram Sachiv Syllabus 2020
General Awareness
Indian History
Indian Culture & Heritage
Current Events – National & International
Indian Polity
Indian Constitution
Science & Technology
Indian Geography
IT & Space etc
Indian Economy
Reasoning:
Mirror Images
Grouping Identical Figures
Figure Matrix Questions
Problem on Age Calculation
Decision Making
Inference
Analogy
NonVerbal Series
Test of Direction Sense
Number Series
Alphabet Series
Arguments
Ven Diagram
Blood Relations
Coding and Decoding
Number Ranking
Arithmetical Reasoning
Mathematics:
Simple Equations
Quadratic Equations
Indices and Surds
Mensuration
Percentages
Areas
Time and Distance
Problems on Trains
Odd Man Out
Numbers and Ages
Pipes and Cisterns
Time and Work Partnership
Ratio and Proportion
Simple Interest
Probability
Averages
Problems on L.C.M and H.C.F
Problems on Numbers
Compound Interest
Volumes Profit and Loss
Races and Games
Mixtures and Allegations
Boats and Streams
Permutations and Combinations
Simplification and Approximation
General Science:
Natural Products and Drugs
Nuclear Chemistry
Chemical Kinetics and Thermodynamics
Organic reaction mechanism and Stereochemistry
Organometallic compounds, Bioinorganic chemistry, and Polymers
Electrochemistry
Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental methods
Poisons and Pesticides
Quantum Chemistry
English:
Antonyms
Active and Passive Voice
Substitution
Sentence Improvement
Synonyms
Spelling Test
Substitution
Passage Completion
Idioms and Phrases
Sentence
Completion
Error Correction (Underlined Part)
Transformation
Prepositions
Sentence Arrangement
Fill in the blanks
Spotting Errors
Para Completion
Joining Sentences
Error Correction (Phrase in Bold)
Social:
Nature of Indian Economy
Structural and Institutional features
Economic Underdevelopment
Opening the Indian Economy
Globalization
Economic Reforms in India
Privatization
Inflation
Trends in Inflation & their Impact on National Economy and Individual Income
Poverty Alleviation and Employment Generation in India – Rural and Urban
Measurement of Poverty – Poverty Alleviation Programmes of the Government
Population Trends – Population Growth and Economic Development – Population Policy in India
Agriculture – Characteristics / Status – Technical and Institutional changes in Indian Agriculture
Agricultural performance
Issues in Food Security in India
Non-Institutional and Institutional Agencies in rural credit
Industry – Industrial and Labour Policy
Industrial performance
Regional Imbalance in India's Industrial Development -Public Sector Enterprises
Rural banking and financial institutions in India
Reforms in the Banking/ Financial sector
The globalization of Economy – Role of International Funding Institutions
IMF & World Bank
WTO
Regional Economic Co-operation
Social Structure in India – Multiculturalism – Demographic trends – Urbanisation and
Migration
Gender Issues Joint family system
Social Infrastructure
Education
Health and Environment
Education – Status & System of Education
Socio-Economic Problems associated with Illiteracy
Educational relevance and educational wastage
Educational Policy for India
Social Justice: Problems of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes – socio-economic programs for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes and other backward classes
Positive Discrimination in favor of the underprivileged
The HSSC Group D Syllabus 2020 is updated below. However, the HSSC Group D Vacancies 2020 Online application is going to start from 29th August 2020. Hence, check out the HSSC Recruitment 2020 details before going to the Syllabus. Later, here is the HSSC Syllabus and Exam Pattern details for Group D Vacancies 2020. Also, check the Marks and other details in the HSSC Syllabus Pdf provided below. The Haryana Group D Recruitment 2020 is having a huge Vacancies. Hence, there will be a huge number of candidates going to apply, parallel there will be a Tuff competition for the written Examination. So, go through the HSSC Syllabus for Group 4 Exam 2020 Carefully and Start your Preparation.
The Haryana Staff Selection Commission Board is going to conduct the written Examination and Consider the Socio-Economic Criteria and Experience in the selection of candidates for Group 4 Vacancies. Hence, the applicants of Haryana Group 4 Vacancies 2020 are advised to check the Syllabus and Exam Pattern details in the table below. Later, don’t forget to download the HSSC Syllabus Pdf for Group 4 Exam 2020. For more details aspirants can visit the Official Haryana PSC Website.
Haryana Group 4 Recruitment is done for a total of 100 Marks. Where the written Exam is for 90 Marks and Socio-Economics and Experience is for 10 Marks. The HSSC written Exam Syllabus and Marks details are given below.
HSSC Syllabus & Exam Pattern – Group 4 Exam 2020
Sections
Subjects
Marks %
I
General Awareness
75 %
Reasoning
Maths
Science
English & Hindi
II
History, Current Affairs, Literature, Geography, Civics, Economics, Culture Etc of Haryana
25%
Total
90 Marks
Questions Type – Objective Type Multiple Choice Questions.
90 Marks for written Test.
10 Marks for Socio-Economical & Experience.
For more details download the HSSC Syllabus Pdf below.
Furthermore, check the HSSC Previous Papers from the link below. Also, download free HSSC Group 4 Exam Question Papers with Solutions and Last 5 Years Previous Question Papers Pdf for free. Also, download HSSC Group D Admit Card from November 2nd from our HSSC Hall Ticket Page. All the best for your HSSC Group 4 Examination 2020.
Haryana SSC Syllabus for Fire Operator Cum Driver is updated here. Candidates who have applied for the 1646 Fire operator Cum driver posts can check the HSSC Fire Operator Syllabus and Exam Pattern here. Furthermore, you can also get the download links for Haryana SSC Fire Operator Syllabus and Test Pattern on this page.
Haryana SSC Fire Operator Syllabus 2020 – Overview
Are you looking for HSSC Fire Operator Syllabus 2020 Pdf download links? If yes, here it is. In this page, we have given the direct links to download the Haryana SSC Fire Operator Syllabus and Test Pattern in the Pdf format. Check the HSSC Syllabus 2020 for Fire Operator Cum Driver post here.
HSSC Exam Syllabus 2020 for General Knowledge
Geography.
Indian History.
Indian Economy.
Artists.
Sports.
Famous Places in India.
Famous Books & Authors.
Rivers, Lakes, and Seas.
Biology.
Countries and Capitals.
Indian Parliament.
Tourism.
Famous Days & Dates.
General Science.
Heritage.
Inventions and Discoveries.
Literature.
Civics.
Environmental Issues.
Indian Politics.
Current Affairs.
Haryana SSC Syllabus 2020 for English
Sentence Improvement.
Fill in the blanks.
Joining Sentences.
Substitution.
Error Correction (Underlined Part).
Idioms and Phrases.
Active Voice and Passive Voice.
Sentence Arrangement.
Passage Completion.
Antonyms.
Synonyms.
Sentence Completion.
Spotting Errors.
Para Completion.
Error Correction (Phrase in Bold).
Prepositions.
HSSC Fire Operator Exam Syllabus 2020 for Aptitude
Volume and Surface Area.
Races and Games.
Simple Interest.
Probability.
Surds and Indices.
Square Root and Cube Root.
Ratio and Proportion.
Permutation and Combination.
Decimal Fraction.
Height and Distance.
Pipes and Cistern.
Average.
Time and Distance.
Numbers.
Boats and Streams.
Allegation or Mixture.
Chain Rule.
Simplification.
Logarithm.
Stocks and Share.
Area.
Partnership.
Problems on H.C.F and L.C.M.
Banker's Discount.
Compound Interest.
Time and Work.
Problems on Ages.
Haryana SSC Driver Syllabus 2020 for Reasoning
Analogy.
Decision Making.
Arithmetical Reasoning.
Blood Relations.
Directions.
Syllogism.
Number Series.
Coding-Decoding.
Alphabet Series.
Cubes and Dice.
Embedded Figures.
Data Interpretation.
Clocks & Calendars.
Statements & Arguments.
Non-Verbal Series.
Embedded Figures.
Clocks & Calendars.
Number Ranking.
Statements & Conclusions.
Mirror Images.
HSSC Fire Operator Syllabus 2020 Pdf – Download here
The HSSC Excise Inspector Syllabus along with Exam Pattern available. Download HSSC Syllabus PDF for Excise and Taxation Inspector Examinations. You may also visit the Official website www.hssc.gov.in for more Haryana SSC Exam Updates.
Haryana SSC Craft Instructor Exam syllabus 2020 is available here for free. Candidates who have applied for the Job are now searching the HSSC Exam Pattern and Syllabus 2020. For those applicants, we have provided the HSSC Syllabus and test pattern. Also, It will help you a lot in preparing for the upcoming HSSC Exam 2020.
Socioeconomic, Political and Cultural History of Modern India with special emphasis on
Indian Constitution; Indian Political System; Governance and Public Policy.
Logical Reasoning; Analytical Ability and Data Interpretation.
Movement and formation of the Haryana state.
Indian National Movement.
Current Affairs – Regional, National, and International.
Society, Culture, Heritage, Arts and Literature of Haryana.
International Relations and Events.
Social and Economic Geography, Physical and Demography of Haryana, and
Environmental issues; Disaster Management- Prevention and Mitigation Strategies.
Reasoning
Logical Games.
Statements and Assumption.
Number Series.
Blood Relations.
Analyzing Arguments.
Logical Problem.
Statement and Conclusion.
Theme Detection.
Verbal Reasoning.
Letter and Symbol Series.
Making Judgment.
Matching Definitions.
Verbal Classification.
Logical Deduction.
Analogies.
General English
Transformation.
Para Completion.
Joining Sentences.
Antonyms.
Synonyms.
Spotting Errors.
Spelling Test.
Sentence.
Error Correction.
Idioms and Phrases.
Fill in the blanks.
Sentence Arrangement.
Active and Passive Voice.
Prepositions.
Substitution.
Improvement.
Aptitude
Multiplication.
Weight.
Division.
Data Handling.
Time.
Decimal Fractions.
Measurement.
Shapes & Spatial.
Understanding.
Numbers.
LCM & HCF.
Pedagogical Issue.
Geometry.
Money.
Patterns.
Volume.
Addition and Subtraction.
HSSC Computer Instructor Syllabus 2020
Haryana SSC Computer Instructor Exam syllabus 2020 is available here for free. Candidates who have applied for the Job are now searching the HSSC Exam Pattern and Syllabus 2020. For those applicants, we have provided the HSSC Syllabus and test pattern. Therefore Haryana SSC Instructor Syllabus helps you best in the preparation.
Haryana SSC Exam syllabus 2020 is available here for free for the posts of Instructor, Welder, Store Keeper, Electrician Instructor, Librarian & Other. Candidates who have applied for the Job are now searching the Exam Pattern and Syllabus 2020. For those applicants, we have also provided the complete Syllabus and test pattern. It will help you a lot in preparing for the upcoming HSSC Exam 2020.
HSSC Exam Syllabus Details 2020
Name of the Board
Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC)
Name of the Posts
Instructor, Welder, Store Keeper, Electrician Instructor, Librarian & Other Posts
Number of Vacancies
2641 Vacancies
Category
Syllabus
Official Website
www.hssc.gov.in
Recently, HSSC has released various vacancies as mentioned above that will be recruited on Direct Recruitment of 1007 Vacancies, On Contract Basis 773 Vacancies and for Turner Instructor, Electrician Instructor & Other of 861 Vacancies i.e. a total of 2641 Vacancies. For more details go through the HSSC Jobs 2020 given.
Socioeconomic, Political and Cultural History of Modern India with special emphasis on
Indian Constitution; Indian Political System; Governance and Public Policy.
Logical Reasoning; Analytical Ability and Data Interpretation.
Movement and formation of the Haryana state.
Indian National Movement.
Current Affairs – Regional, National, and International.
Society, Culture, Heritage, Arts and Literature of Haryana.
International Relations and Events.
Social and Economic Geography, Physical and Demography of Haryana.
Environmental issues; Disaster Management- Prevention and Mitigation Strategies.
Reasoning
Logical Games.
Statements and Assumption.
Number Series.
Blood Relations.
Analyzing Arguments.
Logical Problem.
Statement and Conclusion.
Theme Detection.
Verbal Reasoning.
Letter and Symbol Series.
Making Judgment.
Matching Definitions.
Verbal Classification.
Logical Deduction.
Analogies.
General English
Transformation.
Para Completion.
Joining Sentences.
Antonyms.
Synonyms.
Spotting Errors.
Spelling Test.
Sentence.
Error Correction.
Idioms and Phrases.
Fill in the blanks.
Sentence Arrangement.
Active and Passive Voice.
Prepositions.
Substitution.
Improvement.
Aptitude
Multiplication.
Weight.
Division.
Data Handling.
Decimal Fractions.
Measurement.
Shapes & Spatial.
Understanding.
Numbers.
LCM & HCF.
Pedagogical Issue.
Geometry.
Volume.
Addition and Subtraction.
General Knowledge
Awards.
History GK.
National & International Days.
Geography of General Knowledge.
Sports.
Latest current affairs.
Events.
HSSC JE Syllabus 2020
Haryana SSC Junior Engineer Exam syllabus 2020 is available here for free. Candidates who have applied for the Job are now searching the HSSC Junior Engineer Exam Pattern and Syllabus 2020. For those applicants, we have provided the updated syllabus and test pattern details. Therefore, it will help you a lot in preparing for the upcoming HSSC Exam 2020.
Haryana Jr Engineer Exam 2020 – Overview
Description
Details
Organization Name
Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC)
Post Name
Junior Engineer
Vacancies
1624
Category
Syllabus
Official Website
www.hssc.gov.in
The selection of the candidate is based on written exam and Socio-Economic criteria & experience.
Detailed Haryana SSC Jr Engineer Syllabus
Haryana SSC JE Exam Pattern 2020 – HSSC Jr Engineer Syllabus
Name of the Subjects
Weightage
Total Marks
General Awareness, Reasoning, Maths, Science, Computer, English, Hindi & Relevant Subject
75%
90
History, Current Affairs, Literature, Geography, Civics, Environment, Culture, etc.
25%
The exam will be of Objective type questions.
The written exam will be for 90 marks and rest 10 marks for Socio-Economic Criteria & Experience.
Haryana SSC Junior Engineer Syllabus
General Studies and General Abilities
Current Affairs – Regional, National & International.
Social Exclusion; Rights issues such as Gender, Caste, Tribe, Disability etc.and inclusive policies.
Environmental Issues; Disaster Management- Prevention and Mitigation Strategies and Sustainable Development.
Socio-economic, Political and Cultural History of Haryana.
Analytical Abilities: Logical Reasoning and Data Interpretation.
Indian Constitution; Indian Political System; Governance and Public Policy.
General Science; India's Achievements in Science and Technology.
Economic and Social Development of India and Haryana.
Moral Values and Professional Ethics in Education.
Basic English.
General Abilities
Number Series.
Analogies.
Coding-Decoding.
Number Ranking.
Judgement.
Non/Verbal Series.
Directions.
Embedded Figures.
Mirror Images.
Arrangements.
Clocks & Calendars.
Decision Making.
Blood Relations.
Syllogistic Reasoning.
Problem Solving.
Cubes and Dice.
Visual Memory.
Alphabet Series.
Arithmetical Reasoning.
General English
School Level English Grammar: Articles, Tense, Noun & Pronouns, Adjectives, Adverbs, Verbs, Modals, Subject-Verb Agreement, Non-Finite, Reported Speech, Degrees of Comparison, Active and Passive Voice, Prepositions, Conjunctions, Conditionals.
Vocabulary: Synonyms and Antonyms, Phrasal Verbs, Related Pair of Words, Idioms and Phrases, Proverbs.
Words and Sentences: Use of Words, Choosing Appropriate Words and Words often Confused, Sentence Arrangement, Completion, Fillers and Improvement, Transformation of Sentences, Comprehension, Punctuation, Spelling Test, Spotting of Errors.
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A tree diagram in math is a tool that helps calculate the number of possible outcomes of a problem and cites those potential outcomes in an organized way.
Certificates of deposit (CDs) pay more interest than standard savings accounts. Find the highest nationally available rates for each CD term here from federally insured banks and credit unions.
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Every morning, Jose Leon, 33, rides his two-wheeler to work in Hyderabad's Jubilee Hills area, covering a distance of 10 km in under 30 minutes. "While driving in India, I only think of surviving," he says with a straight face. "But it is not that dangerous once you get a hang of it," adds the Costa Rican, who moved to India to start a business two years ago. Leon runs a medical transportation startup called StanPlus, essentially an Uber for ambulances, with his INSEAD batchmate Prabhdeep Singh. Navigating the bylanes of Hyderabad helps him familiarise himself with the new place, makes him feel less like an outsider.Amid a slew of MNCs that are looking at India, foreigners like Leon are an anomaly. For foreign individuals, "India is still not considered a lucrative destination to set up large-scale businesses," says chartered accountant Amit Maheshwari, whose firm Ashok Maheshwary & Associates specialises in business advisory for foreign firms and individuals. Bureaucratic delays, frequent regulatory changes in certain sectors and lack of investor trust dampen their spirits. 73361737 "You see an uptick largely in the food and beverages segment, where foreigners set up restaurants or food supply businesses to cater to their community of expats in India," he adds.Despite several stumbling blocks, a host of foreign nationals have relocated to India to fulfil their startup ambitions in the tech sector. In Bengaluru, Nakkyun Chong, 58, from South Korea has netted $1 million in seed funding to build Giftiicon, a marketplace for gift vouchers. British entrepreneur Lizzie Chapman is running a fintech company called ZestMoney in the same city, while 48-yearold Steve Hardgrave from the US has raised $75 million in funding to grow his edutech startup Varthana that offers services to improve access to private school education in India. 73361754 In 2016, Washington-born Katie Taylor moved from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston to Pune. The move was triggered by an ongoing project at MIT to build solar-powered irrigation systems to Indian farmers. "We would make assumptions about their requirements while working at MIT. But in our interactions with farmers during our India trips we realised we were getting it all wrong." Her venture has raised an undisclosed amount of funding from MIT and Tata Trusts in India, among other institutional investors.In the last two years, Mumbai-based chartered accountant Paras Savla has seen a 60% spike in enquiries from foreigners wanting to set up businesses in India. "Most of them are in the services and tech sectors," he says. South Korea's Chong failed in his first attempt of starting up in India couple of years ago. He delved into the e-grocery space and yielded to the high logistics and maintenance cost of running warehouses. But he saw a second chance in the country's growing online market to create Giftiicon. The soon-to-be-launched platform — synced with a user's Facebook and WhatsApp contacts — will allow users to send gift vouchers from various brands to people in their circle. "I decided to set up a platform business since I didn't want to rely too much on investor money," he says. 73361770 The size of Indian consumer market, tech talent and low labour cost are a huge draw for foreign entrepreneurs. People like Savla and Maheshwari, who specialise in assisting foreign individuals and entities on financial matters, also make it easier for them to set up businesses and register companies."Back in the 1990s when I came to India, it took me a year to get my company registered as a foreign national. Now it takes a matter of weeks," says Mikael Gislen, 57, who moved from Sweden to India in 1994 and runs a company, Gislen Software, in Chennai with an annual revenue of Rs 16 crore.The two areas where foreign entrepreneurs face the most resistance are in hiring senior talent and in getting investor interest. Leon remembers a hiring story that was a cultural lesson in disguise. He was about to make an offer to someone from Udaipur when the potential hire told him his parents were reluctant. 73361786 That parents were involved in a professional decision of this nature was a culture shock to Leon. "My cofounder Prabhdeep intervened during the call and asked to speak to his parents. He told them about our educational background and vision for the company. I thought the guy would freak out but it worked in our favour. He joined us two days later." Since then, Leon asks every potential hire about their family and financial obligations.A common fear among investors and potential hires is whether the foreign founder will be in India for the long haul, says Greg Moran, cofounder of ZoomCar. Moran, a New Yorker, moved to Bengaluru in 2012 to start the self-drive car rental company."There weren't too many startups then. They weren't as fashionable to work with as they are today. And people had a lot of questions about the market we were operating in," he recalls. Moran relied extensively on his referral network to hire talent in the early days. To woo investors, he focused on making the product speak for itself. 73361803 "Scepticism around foreign founders may never go away. But you have to keep plodding," says Moran, 34. ZoomCar has raised $121.9 million in funding to date. "The company is EBITDA profitable which is big for us," he adds.For many foreigners eager to venture into the Indian tech startup ecosystem, ZoomCar is a success story. The problem, says Prabhdeep Singh, is that such stories are very few. To make matters worse, they are often outweighed by stories of foreigners retreating to their home country after a stint in India.Take, for instance, Canadian entrepreneur Marissa Bronfman. The 33-year-old former journalist came to Indian on a work assignment a decade ago and fell in love with the country. In 2011, she moved to Mumbai and started a digital agency bagging a few luxury clients rather quickly. Soon after, she started a vegan food business. "But the increasing cost of living in India as a foreigner, what with the taxes, and the lack of institutional support became an issue. As a woman and foreigner, meeting Indian male investors for my food venture was also a challenge," she says. 73361820 "Scaling a natural food business is far more difficult than scaling a software company or a mobile app. Not only was I a woman raising for something historically and culturally associated with the domestic realm, but my status as a foreigner added an extra layer of perceived risk." In 2017, Bronfman moved back to Toronto. Data from the Ministry of Corporate Affairs points to this churn. While the total number of companies registered by foreign individuals and entities went up from 4,625 to 4,866 between 2017 and 2019, the number of active firms in this category went down a little from 3,380 to 3,376.Even ZoomCar's cofounder David Back returned to the US in 2015, after staying in India for about three years. When StanPlus was founded in Hyderabad in 2016, two of its three cofounders were foreigners - Leon and Antoine Poirson from France. But Poirson moved out of India eventually, says Singh, the company's Indian cofounder. 73361833 "We need more diversity in the people creating new-age companies in order to bring fresh perspectives and work ethics," says Singh. During the early days of StanPlus, the cofounders decided against paying bribes to expedite processes. "I reasoned that this is how things are done in India, but they said that's not how we would work," recalls Singh. StanPlus, having raised $1.1 million in funding so far, occupies a 30% market share in Hyderabad at present. It has doubled its capacity over the last six months, with 1,000 owned and affiliated ambulances operating across Bengaluru, Visakhapatnam and Hyderabad. Jessiedna Araujo, an investment professional at Kstart Capital, Bengaluru, agrees with Singh. "The biggest advantage of being a foreign entrepreneur in India is that you are able to bring different perspectives and approaches to the table," says the former electrical engineer from Brazil. Araujo moved to India in 2016 and started a food truck business in Bengaluru, which she sold off two years later. She tolerates the city's traffic and pollution but likes the people and "affordable cost of living". 73361845 Pollution levels in the city bug the athlete in Moran too. "I also miss potable tap water," he says. After spending close to three decades in India, Gislen from Sweden doesn't feel like an outsider in Chennai anymore. "I speak better Tamil than many Indian employees in my company," he says. Leon misses the clear blue skies of Costa Rica. Chong of Giftiicon misses the snow of South Korea and his all-weather friends there.What some of them are happy to be rid of is the political climate of their home country but almost all are concerned about the current scenario of political and economic instability in India. "It is disturbing to see hate speech and discrimination becoming acceptable and leading to violence in my home country, the US, and here," says Taylor of Khethworks. India is not an adventurous trip for any of them. They mean business and they want it to work. "After running a business for four years in India, it doesn't feel like a research trip anymore. This is my life," says Taylor. Chong has even roped in his 26-year-old daughter Jihyun, who has studied professional design in the US and the UK, to look at the user interface and user experience of his new startup. "I have put in all my life's savings into this business. I have to make it successful. Otherwise, I will have to go back to Korea and live in the mountains," he says, only half-jokingly.
By Vildana HajricRecession. Just the mention of it sends shivers down the spine of even the most stalwart on Wall Street. But not among sellers of exchange-traded funds.A growing number of asset managers see a prolonged downturn spurring the next big cash injection for the $4.5 trillion US industry which, after years of meteoric growth, is showing signs of slowing down. While assets rose 32% in 2019, fund debuts shrank to the lowest in five years and liquidations jumped.Naysayers have been forecasting a recession for years as the U.S. extends its longest period of continuous growth in more than a century. But as companies try to cycle-proof their businesses, there's a growing roster of ETF providers who think a significant correction could scare billions of dollars out of mutual funds -- and see them reinvested in ETFs. 73363478 "We know the market's going to trend down at some point and it could be the next wave -- it could catalyze the next wave -- of ETF adoption," Rich Powers, Vanguard Group's head of ETF product management, said at a conference in December. There's precedent, he said, arguing that the global financial crisis was "one of the great catalysts for the adoption and acceleration of ETFs."Certainly, money managers like Vanguard and BlackRock Inc. have done very well since the crash as investors increasingly adopt passive products, but the connection between the two is a little counterintuitive. If negative growth curtails the stock market's bull run, you can bet ETFs will slide as investors head to the exits. But the argument goes that this short-term pain could ultimately translate to long-term gain for money managers. 73363484 That's because a downturn could also prompt redemptions from mutual funds -- ETFs' main rival for assets -- and this money could flow back into the market via cheaper ETFs. Active managers, who pick and choose investments, will come under heightened pressure to beat their benchmarks during times of stress and any underperformance may augment the appeal of indexed products."The spikes in growth are always when assets move from the incumbency, from where they're stuck to the new places," said Michael Venuto, co-founder and chief investment officer of Toroso Investments. "A lot of the ETF growth is new assets coming in; what we're talking about is the $14 trillion that's over there in mutual funds and unsticking it."History shows that market pullbacks have been beneficial for ETF flows, according to a study in 2018 by Toroso. 73363489 For example, many investors in actively-managed strategies flocked to low-cost passive funds following the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008, despite the stock market taking another six months to bottom out. Stock ETFs saw inflows of nearly $64 billion in the three months that followed the bank's fall, data compiled by Bloomberg show. After 12 months, inflows totaled more than $66 billion.By contrast, equity mutual funds saw outflows of $109 billion in the quarter after Lehman failed, according to the Investment Company Institute. Investors added just $15 billion back to these funds over the subsequent nine months, leaving flows in 2009 far below the $73 billion that was contributed in 2007, the data show.Some of the shift comes down to cost. Investors in active funds pay about 4.5 times more than those in passive products, the widest disparity since 2000, according to a 2018 Morningstar Inc. study. The cheapest ETF costs as little as 20 cents for every $1,000 invested, a major draw for anyone disillusioned with stock-picking, data compiled by Bloomberg show.Tax is also a factor, with investors disincentivized from selling their mutual funds in good times for fear of incurring capital gains. But a downswing could reduce those gains and create a strong motive to bail. Investors could then choose to buy a low-cost ETF over a higher-cost, underperforming mutual fund when the market recovers.Whatever the reasoning, ETFs have become more versatile compared with other fund formats and are easier to trade, said Ben Johnson, an analyst at Morningstar. "Thus, investors of all stripes with different needs, views, and time horizons have and will continue to gravitate toward the format."
The four convicts in the 2012 Delhi gangrape case could be hanged on February 1. This will be the first time in 5 years a death penalty will be carried out in India and puts a spotlight on courts handing out capital punishment for murders involving sexual violence.102 Capital Punishments in 2019: After handing out 186 death sentences in 2018 — a 20-year high — the number of capital punishments given out at trial courts in 2019 declined sharply to 102. But the share of death sentences for sexual crimes is on the rise, driven by several state-level sentencing decisions. 73360932 73360952 Spotlight on Sexual Crime:There is a clear focus on perpetrators of sexual crimes as particularly "deserving" of the death penalty. However, there is no evidence that adding the death penalty for rape under certain circumstances has acted as a deterrent. In fact, the number of rape-murders increased between 2017 and 2018. 73360960 402 on Death Row:At the end of 2018, there were 402 people who had been handed out capital punishment in the country, with Maharashtra home to the most number of such convicts (76), followed, some distance away, by Uttar Pradesh (44) and Madhya Pradesh (40). 73360969 Pace of a Case:Despite the 2012 Delhi gangrape case used as an example of rape victims having to wait many years for justice, the case progressed faster than the average death penalty case, especially in the initial years. 73360981 Death Row Convicts: A Profile:Poorly educated and primary breadwinners for their families, the Delhi gangrape case convicts fit the description of the average person sentenced to death in the country. 73360976
When Shubhankar Rawat, 39, bought a Kia Seltos sports utility vehicle in late December, he says it felt like an upgrade. The Korean automaker's first offering on the roads in India was loaded with features thus far unheard of in a mid-segment car. It's loaded with bells and whistles — three screens, including a retractable one, to handle vehicle health, navigation and entertainment duties; cameras and sensors all over; ventilated seats; the works. "It feels like top-end car features at a price point where Merc, BMW and Audi don't even have a product," says Rawat, a Gurgaon-based portfolio manager. The luxury carmakers, of course, have raced ahead on innovation and top-end models boast of voice and gesture controls with almost every part under the hood embedded with sensors, capturing data continuously with help just a touch away.Car companies have long tried to load vehicles with tech. But the level of tech and tech-enabled services in popular models now hitting the roads in India is such that the ecosystem is witnessing a realignment. Telematics, arrays of sensors and 24-hour live assistance mean car companies are having to upskill everyone from salespersons to mechanics, operate call centres and mount aggressive collaborations with tech companies or raise large tech divisions in-house, employing data scientists, software architects and programmers, to meet expectations about in-cabin features. This is spawning new jobs even as it renders parts of the older ecosystem — especially low-tech roadside mechanics — obsolete.Digital Dashboards"The car is becoming complex. It's changing from a mechanical system to a smart, sensor-driven system," says CV Raman, executive director and head of engineering at Maruti Suzuki India. The transformation is segment-agnostic. "We are aspiring to be a digital company," says Manu Saale, MD & CEO at Mercedes-Benz R&D India. 73362439 In December, Mercedes-Benz launched a model with voice and gesture controls. You can ask the car what's the weather at your destination, or if there's an Italian restaurant close by, for instance. The car will not only give the options, but also take you there should you like to go. "What's available in high-end vehicles today will be available in small cars tomorrow," says Ganesh Kalyanaraman, global delivery head for manufacturing, logistics, energy and utilities at Cognizant. 73362444 As core vehicle features such as engine, capacity and comfort have become optimised and harder to base differentiations on, the competition has moved to make cars smarter and more connected, in a bid to make in-cabin experience the edge against competition. This means manufacturers are packing cars with computers and sensors. Apart from monitoring and optimising every aspect of a vehicle's performance, the computers and a mobile internet link also make sure the car is never off the grid. What can't be fixed automatically (like a leak in the coolant pipe or brake pad clogging) results in an alert on the dashboard. Data is stored on on-board computers or transmitted to the cloud where the manufacturer can monitor in case of a call for help. 73362448 "A luxury vehicle has the computing power of 20 PCs (personal computers), and about 100 million lines of code. It has 50-100 CPUs and can process 25 GB of data every hour," says Kalyanaraman. Today's cars are an integration of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT), resulting in what's broadly termed as a connected car. 73362459 "A Mercedes has more lines of code than a Boeing Dreamliner 747. There are at least 100 ECUs (engine control units) in a top-of-the-line car," says Saale. Lingraju Sawkar, GM, global technology services, IBM India/South Asia, adds: "Spends (by auto companies) on classic IT are reducing while spends on business IT are increasing." By classic IT, he means traditional solutions such as enterprise resource planning software, emails, etc. IBM partners with a host of carmakers to make them smarter. For example, if the brake pad is good to last another 25,000 km, the sensor should send that alert to the owner's app or the car's screen well in advance to replace it. 73362469 Tech PartnersCarmakers are partnering with hardware and software developers to get that smart edge. Take MG Hector, China's SAIC Motor's first offering in India. It has partnerships with Cisco, Microsoft, SAP, iTeligence, Adobe, Cognizant, Panasonic and TomTom (for maps). Chip makers Infineon Technologies, NXP and Western Digital are eyeing big business from carmakers. Maruti has a core team of 110 staff in IT and also works with partners such as Wipro, Infosys, IBM, NXP and others to develop hardware and software solutions. 73362481 Gaurav Gupta, chief commercial officer, MG Motor India, says, "The Hector comes with over-the-air software update capabilities." That means much like a smartphone, it can upgrade its software via wireless internet connectivity.When Tesla first introduced the feature in 2012, it caused a sensation in the auto industry. Now a car priced upwards of Rs 12 lakh has the same features. 73362492 Among American carmakers, GM introduced the feature only in 2019 and Ford has said its vehicles will get the capability in 2020. Mercedes prefers to do it all in-house at its R&D units in Bengaluru, Sunnyvale in California and at its headquarters in Germany. "It's all too valuable to be outsourced. When it becomes commodity, maybe we will," says Saale. 73362507 Even in features such as in-car navigation, which has been around for a while, there's constant pressure to upgrade. "There's demand for better experiences. Maps, for instance, moved from 2-D to 3-D to now high-definition. Cameras are becoming more intelligent. Topend models can easily use up to 1 TB of storage while a mid-range car will have around 256 GB storage," says Vivek Tyagi, senior director for enterprise sales, India & South Asia, Western Digital, a US-based hard-disk maker and data storage firm.Dashboard as a User InterfaceReal-time data processing has led to increasing on-board storage. While data is moved to the cloud eventually, a lot of data critical to the vehicle's operation is stored on-board to avoid any lag during the exchange over the cloud. "Parts that need to process data real-time can't take a chance and that's pushing the envelope for bigger hard disks within cars," adds Tyagi. 73362517 This has resulted in new design concepts as well. Sanjay Gupta, vicechancellor at World University of Design, a Haryana-based institution, says carmakers are trying to turn the experience in the cabin akin to one that users are familiar with — using a smartphone. "The focus is on making the interface similar to a smartphone operation with features such as easy scrolling and swiping. The dashboard should be able to implement GPS, play music and videos and log data." With the dashboard becoming a user interface, "design focus is on making them flexible unlike earlier when they were fixed", Gupta adds.While the focus of innovation currently revolves around comfort, connectivity and safety, it all started with regulation compliance. Before emission laws came in, it was possible to build a car without a smart sensor. Now even entry-level cars come with at least an engine control module (ECM) to monitor emissions and keep them at acceptable levels."Now this has scaled further to make cars better and create a smartphone kind of experience on wheels. All systems in a car are connected to a CAN or controller area network. CAN sends signals (via alerts on apps or in-car screens) to enable, disable things or even repair/replace them," says Maruti's Raman.More Business for CarmakersEarlier, a customer's relationship with a car dealer rapidly diminished once the car left the showroom. Mechanical parts could be repaired by roadside shops which were usually 30-50 per cent cheaper than authorised service stations, notwithstanding the risk. "Buyers disappeared after the first three free services," says a dealer. Car companies have now changed tack to make sure it is the company the customer calls at the first sign of trouble. Expensive modern cars at any rate cannot be repaired by roadside repair shops. This, the automakers hope, would improve lifetime revenues from a vehicle.This has spawned a new support ecosystem. In December, Bosch started an emergency call service in India for Mercedes-Benz customers. The service is supported by data and call operations centres in Bengaluru and Coimbatore.Bosch, which supports Mercedes globally, declines to share employee numbers but a spokesperson said the current set-up is capable of supporting up to 1 million cars. The call centre responds automated/manual alerts and supports arranging response when needed. Besides help for any engine-related problems, it enables access to 13,500 hospitals and police stations across 27 states and 5 Union territories. The assistance is provided in Hindi and English.Upgrading MechanicsIn 2018, Maruti launched Suzuki Connect, an embedded device that tracks the location and key performance parameters of a vehicle in real time. Information about the car is relayed to the cloud and can be accessed by the company and its dealers. Available in four of its top models, Suzuki Connect at the backend is supported by 10,000 people manning call centres and service stations. "We offer over-the-air software upgrades. And in case you need a mechanic to attend, much like hiring an Uber, you can track their location and the time they will take to respond," says Rajesh Uppal, CIO at Maruti Suzuki India.Suzuki Connect costs Rs 10,000 for a three-year subscription. In the last 12-18 months, 6,500 technicians have been trained to install Suzuki Connect and this could increase to 10,000 in the coming months. MG Motor has partnered with Bajaj Allianz for roadside assistance. The company claims its Pulse Hub call centre, managed internally, will answer queries within 10 seconds. Dearer Cars:All this means buyers are also more for support. Companies take anywhere from Rs 10,000 to Rs 30,000 for up to three years of maintenance. "Earlier when I bought a car I didn't really need to go back to the dealer for expensive repairs as there was always a good option in the neighbourhood which was 30-40 per cent cheaper than the manufacturer. Now that option has gone," says Pooja Mittal, a Delhi-based marketing professional, who sold her 2007 Innova and bought a Hyundai Creta in mid-2019. Mittal is happy with her purchase. "It's an upgrade. Cameras make life easy when parking and reversing. Inside the car I'm connected automatically via Bluetooth, so I don't need to reach out to my phone if it rings or to read messages quickly," she says. However, "the wireless charging pad is not good to charge the iPhone 7 and the location of dashboard screen which show maps and other alerts could be better as I have to take my eyes off the road to look at them".Raman Roy, chairman-cum-managing director of Quatrro BPO Solutions, who drives a Toyota Camry, says: "The roadside fellow has no answer to any problem, barring a flat tyre or replacing a fused bulb. I had a problem with lights and had to take it to the company to fix them as lights were software-driven. You are stuck even for basic things like car lights." The prospects for the ubiquitous roadside garage, therefore, are bleak.Kavan Mukhtyar, partner & leader, automotive, PwC India, believes that by 2025, about one-third of the cost of the car will be accounted for by computers on-from about 10 per cent at present. "Car is becoming a moving computer. Roadside garages will see a dead end unless they become part of a bigger network, aligning with carmakers.Vehicle as a Service (VaaS) will be a new business model and up to 50,000 new jobs will be created in the next three to five years to support the cars." Western Digital's Tyagi sees car companies tying up with local repair garages to deliver services, "much like e-commerce companies partnering with kirana shops for quick delivery".Delete the DataBuyers will have to pay more for service every year and will even sign up for multi-year maintenance contracts. They will have to get used to software upgrades, firewall protection, diagnostics via app and hooking up with call centres for assistance. And buyers are keen, even in the used car market, to get a tech-loaded car. Sunny Kataria, VP, Auto, Olx India, says: "Ownership period of cars has declined from 7 years to 4 years and is expected to touch 3 years in 2020 — almost smartphone kind of replacement cycles. Cars with tech features can fetch 10-12 per cent higher prices than regular cars."While many might be keen to upgrade to new models, the level of data logging means owners must be careful to delete and reboot before selling a tech-loaded car. Much like a smartphone.Future ReadySmarter, connected cars will not only predict what is ahead, but even flySony Vision S 73362554 What happens when consumer electronics giants design cars? We have at least one answer in Sony Vision-S from Sony Corp. The car has 33 sensors, including 12 cameras, three solidstate lidar sensors (to measure distance using laser), and 15 radar and ultrasonic sensors. The combined hardware monitors traffic, road, driver and passengers. The dashboard is a screen that stretches between the pillars. If you don't see Vision-S on the roads in the coming years, you might find all the tech wizardry in cars that use this licensed tech from Sony.Hyundai Uber Flying Car 73362562 South Korean carmaker Hyundai aims to free up road traffic and make people zip across cities. The answer is a flying car, targeted at people in megacities like London and New York who can afford helicopters to get around. The electric flying car will have a range of 100 km per charge and recharge in 5-7 minutes. The plan is to mass produce these 5-seater vehicles and deploy them for Uber's air taxi network. Tests are due in 2020-21 and deployment is likely in 2023.AI-powered Sun Visor 73362573 It is the biggest upgrade of a car part that has barely changed for decades. Bosch has introduced artificial intelligence (AI)-powered sun visor called Virtual Visor. The visor takes the form of a rectangle that swings down from the headliner to block sunlight. It is a transparent LCD screen that uses an occupant-monitoring camera to track shadows across the front passengers' faces. AI then identifies facial features and uses this information to tint only the parts of the visor through which sunlight hits the passenger's eyes, creating a shadow that looks like a robotic Venetian mask. The rest stays transparent. All this for a safer drive.
Rajeevan Nair could not bring himself to go out and watch what was a spectacle to many. Hundreds gathered in Maradu in Kochi on the second weekend of January to witness something that had never been done in India before — four illegally constructed skyscrapers being pulled down with explosives. "For them, it was like a fireworks show. But we were on the verge of losing our house in the vicinity of the high-rises," says the 56-year-old deputy superintendent at the Kochi Port Trust.Nair's villa was a mere 12 metres away from one of the four apartment buildings that were to be brought down because of a Supreme Court order. And he was scared the demolition would damage his house, too. A week before the destruction, he covered his entire house with tarpaulin and moved with his family to a rented dwelling 150 metres away. When the lakeside buildings came crashing down — two towers were brought down on January 11 and two on 12 — he could hear the explosions. "I felt the earth tremble." He watched the videos online, like millions more, as the collapse was live-streamed and the clips went viral. The event was extensively reported by the local and national media, and even piqued the interest of global news outlets.When the dust from the collapse settled, Nair heaved a sigh of relief. His residence had survived the demolitions. He plans to move back after a round of cleaning and painting. He also plans to have an engineer assess his house for cracks.The Kochi demolitions have brought to the fore controlled implosion, a method that has been used to raze buildings in the West for decades but is still relatively uncommon in India, thanks to lack of expertise and the availability of cheap labour for alternative methods. But with the success of the Kochi demolitions, controlled implosion could now find more takers across the country.73362731 The demolition videos show how controlled implosion works. First, explosives go off in a sequence at strategic places in the building. The structure then starts collapsing on itself. A thick cloud of dust and debris envelops the surrounding greenery and buildings. The whole operation is over in a matter of seconds. What took years to erect is reduced to rubble in the blink of an eye.What is interesting in this form of demolition is that the process largely leaves the adjacent buildings untouched. In Maradu, some houses in the vicinity reported damages to windowpanes and roofing sheets due to the implosions.S Suhas, district collector, Ernakulam, who oversaw the demolitions, says convincing the locals about the safety of the implosions was a bigger challenge than the technical hurdles.73362735 People from within 200 m of the buildings were temporarily evacuated, roads were cleared and Section 144 imposed for a few hours on both days. The Ernakulam administration spent around Rs 2 crore for the demolition project, with the contractors making money off the steel recovered from the buildings and the debris. No other structure in the vicity saw major damages because of the demolition, he adds."People are not fine with something exploding in their neighbourhood. But after the Kochi demolitions, thanks to the media coverage, they might become more comfortable with it," says Manish Kumar, assistant professor at the IIT-Bombay.Among other structures recently razed through controlled implosions are fugitive diamantaire Nirav Modi's bungalow in Alibag and a hotel in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, both in 2019. An 11-storey residential building in Chennai was brought down in 2016. Telangana reportedly wants to use controlled implosion to tear down its secretariat.73362741 There is no data available on the buildings demolished every year in India. But according to the 2011 Census, around 5% of residences, or over 13 million units, are in a dilapidated condition. And there were over 2,000 deaths from structural collapses in 2018, according to the National Crime Records Bureau.Demolition is a largely unorganised industry with lax safety standards, and there are fewer than 10 companies in India with the know-how to carry out implosions. While explosives are used in mining and to bring down cooling towers and chimneys, they have rarely been used to bring down large buildings in India.73362747 Even in the US, Europe and China, where implosions of tall structures are hardly a novelty, the method is used in just 1-2% of demolitions. Before implosion, a building is cleared of toxic and flammable materials, glass, furniture, etc. Then the columns are drilled to be filled with explosives like ammonium nitrate, 750 kg of which was reportedly used in Kochi. The explosives are placed in such a way that the structure falls to a side if there are no buildings nearby or crumbles on itself.Controlled implosion is preferred for structures with more than 10 floors or when a building is to be razed quickly. The latter was the case with Modi's bungalow, which was in violation of coastal regulation zone (CRZ) norms. Vijay Suryawanshi, district collector of Raigad, says he gave the demolition order but Modi didn't challenge it."I wanted to do it before he could challenge the order." It was his first controlled implosion and cost the government just Rs 2.5 lakh. There are another 150 illegal bungalows in the district whose demolition has been stayed. "Once the stay is vacated, we will use controlled implosions to demolish them. It is cheap and saves time," adds Suryawanshi.A controlled implosion can be done in half the time it takes to use a high-reach excavator or a wrecking ball, and can cost just as much in some cases.Time constraint was also the primary reason for the choice of controlled implosion for the Maradu flats, whose construction began in 2006. They were later found to be flouting CRZ rules, which do not permit any construction within 200 m of the coast in the area. After homeowners got a reprieve from the Kerala High Court in 2015, the matter was taken to the Supreme Court, which in May 2019 ordered the demolition of the nearly 350 flats. After rejecting review petitions by the builders, the apex court in September asked for the demolition to be expedited and for homeowners to be paid a compensation of Rs 25 lakh.The authorities had to make sure the neighbouring buildings, one of which was just 6 m away, suffered no damage. The district administration invited bidders and chose two companies — Mumbai-headquartered Edifice Engineering and Chennai-based Vijay Steels — to carry out the demolitions. Planning began three months ago and Edifice, which was given three of the four buildings, sought the expertise of Johannesburg-based Jet Demolition, known for carrying out controlled implosions."It was one of our most challenging projects as the time we had was exceptionally short and there was huge interest from the authorities and the people," says Joe Brinkmann, managing director of Jet Demolition. Brinkmann has overseen the implosions of several skyscrapers, including a 108 m tower in Johannesburg in November. But this was Jet's first project in India — and a high-profile one, to boot — and the company could not afford for it to be anything less than very precise. "If it had gone slightly haywire, we would not be sitting here; we would be behind bars," says Uttkarsh Mehta, partner, Edifice.Mehta adds that district administrations and the local police have been wary of signing off on controlled implosions as they involve the use of explosives and there is a risk of threats to life and property. "We had 2,000 police personnel manning the area in Kochi. You can't have that for every implosion," says Jigar Chheda, the other partner at Edifice. The largest of the Kochi complexes was nearly 70 m high — a record for implosion in India — while the tallest structure ever to be demolished using explosives was the JL Hudson building (134 m) in Detroit, US, back in 1998.IIT's Kumar says the Kochi implosions were possible only because the neighbouring constructions were relatively new, engineered buildings. "When the nearby structures are old, the ground vibrations can be severe. Also, I wouldn't recommend it in a densely populated area." There are also concerns about the pollution caused by an implosion, which can have a severe but temporary impact on air quality.As demands for commercial and residential spaces increase in India's major cities, some of the old buildings will have to make way for bigger replacements, and implosions could now be more seriously considered as a way of knocking them down. Similarly, the judiciary could use the Kochi demolitions as an example to order quick razing of illegal structures.
When Shubhankar Rawat, 39, bought a Kia Seltos sports utility vehicle in late December, he says it felt like an upgrade. The Korean automaker's first offering on the roads in India was loaded with features thus far unheard of in a mid-segment car. It's loaded with bells and whistles — three screens, including a retractable one, to handle vehicle health, navigation and entertainment duties; cameras and sensors all over; ventilated seats; the works. "It feels like top-end car features at a price point where Merc, BMW and Audi don't even have a product," says Rawat, a Gurgaon-based portfolio manager. The luxury carmakers, of course, have raced ahead on innovation and top-end models boast of voice and gesture controls with almost every part under the hood embedded with sensors, capturing data continuously with help just a touch away.Car companies have long tried to load vehicles with tech. But the level of tech and tech-enabled services in popular models now hitting the roads in India is such that the ecosystem is witnessing a realignment. Telematics, arrays of sensors and 24-hour live assistance mean car companies are having to upskill everyone from salespersons to mechanics, operate call centres and mount aggressive collaborations with tech companies or raise large tech divisions in-house, employing data scientists, software architects and programmers, to meet expectations about in-cabin features. This is spawning new jobs even as it renders parts of the older ecosystem — especially low-tech roadside mechanics — obsolete.Digital Dashboards"The car is becoming complex. It's changing from a mechanical system to a smart, sensor-driven system," says CV Raman, executive director and head of engineering at Maruti Suzuki India. The transformation is segment-agnostic. "We are aspiring to be a digital company," says Manu Saale, MD & CEO at Mercedes-Benz R&D India. 73362439 In December, Mercedes-Benz launched a model with voice and gesture controls. You can ask the car what's the weather at your destination, or if there's an Italian restaurant close by, for instance. The car will not only give the options, but also take you there should you like to go. "What's available in high-end vehicles today will be available in small cars tomorrow," says Ganesh Kalyanaraman, global delivery head for manufacturing, logistics, energy and utilities at Cognizant. 73362444 As core vehicle features such as engine, capacity and comfort have become optimised and harder to base differentiations on, the competition has moved to make cars smarter and more connected, in a bid to make in-cabin experience the edge against competition. This means manufacturers are packing cars with computers and sensors. Apart from monitoring and optimising every aspect of a vehicle's performance, the computers and a mobile internet link also make sure the car is never off the grid. What can't be fixed automatically (like a leak in the coolant pipe or brake pad clogging) results in an alert on the dashboard. Data is stored on on-board computers or transmitted to the cloud where the manufacturer can monitor in case of a call for help. 73362448 "A luxury vehicle has the computing power of 20 PCs (personal computers), and about 100 million lines of code. It has 50-100 CPUs and can process 25 GB of data every hour," says Kalyanaraman. Today's cars are an integration of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT), resulting in what's broadly termed as a connected car. 73362459 "A Mercedes has more lines of code than a Boeing Dreamliner 747. There are at least 100 ECUs (engine control units) in a top-of-the-line car," says Saale. Lingraju Sawkar, GM, global technology services, IBM India/South Asia, adds: "Spends (by auto companies) on classic IT are reducing while spends on business IT are increasing." By classic IT, he means traditional solutions such as enterprise resource planning software, emails, etc. IBM partners with a host of carmakers to make them smarter. For example, if the brake pad is good to last another 25,000 km, the sensor should send that alert to the owner's app or the car's screen well in advance to replace it. 73362469 Tech PartnersCarmakers are partnering with hardware and software developers to get that smart edge. Take MG Hector, China's SAIC Motor's first offering in India. It has partnerships with Cisco, Microsoft, SAP, iTeligence, Adobe, Cognizant, Panasonic and TomTom (for maps). Chip makers Infineon Technologies, NXP and Western Digital are eyeing big business from carmakers. Maruti has a core team of 110 staff in IT and also works with partners such as Wipro, Infosys, IBM, NXP and others to develop hardware and software solutions. 73362481 Gaurav Gupta, chief commercial officer, MG Motor India, says, "The Hector comes with over-the-air software update capabilities." That means much like a smartphone, it can upgrade its software via wireless internet connectivity.When Tesla first introduced the feature in 2012, it caused a sensation in the auto industry. Now a car priced upwards of Rs 12 lakh has the same features. 73362492 Among American carmakers, GM introduced the feature only in 2019 and Ford has said its vehicles will get the capability in 2020. Mercedes prefers to do it all in-house at its R&D units in Bengaluru, Sunnyvale in California and at its headquarters in Germany. "It's all too valuable to be outsourced. When it becomes commodity, maybe we will," says Saale. 73362507 Even in features such as in-car navigation, which has been around for a while, there's constant pressure to upgrade. "There's demand for better experiences. Maps, for instance, moved from 2-D to 3-D to now high-definition. Cameras are becoming more intelligent. Topend models can easily use up to 1 TB of storage while a mid-range car will have around 256 GB storage," says Vivek Tyagi, senior director for enterprise sales, India & South Asia, Western Digital, a US-based hard-disk maker and data storage firm.Dashboard as a User InterfaceReal-time data processing has led to increasing on-board storage. While data is moved to the cloud eventually, a lot of data critical to the vehicle's operation is stored on-board to avoid any lag during the exchange over the cloud. "Parts that need to process data real-time can't take a chance and that's pushing the envelope for bigger hard disks within cars," adds Tyagi. 73362517 This has resulted in new design concepts as well. Sanjay Gupta, vicechancellor at World University of Design, a Haryana-based institution, says carmakers are trying to turn the experience in the cabin akin to one that users are familiar with — using a smartphone. "The focus is on making the interface similar to a smartphone operation with features such as easy scrolling and swiping. The dashboard should be able to implement GPS, play music and videos and log data." With the dashboard becoming a user interface, "design focus is on making them flexible unlike earlier when they were fixed", Gupta adds.While the focus of innovation currently revolves around comfort, connectivity and safety, it all started with regulation compliance. Before emission laws came in, it was possible to build a car without a smart sensor. Now even entry-level cars come with at least an engine control module (ECM) to monitor emissions and keep them at acceptable levels."Now this has scaled further to make cars better and create a smartphone kind of experience on wheels. All systems in a car are connected to a CAN or controller area network. CAN sends signals (via alerts on apps or in-car screens) to enable, disable things or even repair/replace them," says Maruti's Raman.More Business for CarmakersEarlier, a customer's relationship with a car dealer rapidly diminished once the car left the showroom. Mechanical parts could be repaired by roadside shops which were usually 30-50 per cent cheaper than authorised service stations, notwithstanding the risk. "Buyers disappeared after the first three free services," says a dealer. Car companies have now changed tack to make sure it is the company the customer calls at the first sign of trouble. Expensive modern cars at any rate cannot be repaired by roadside repair shops. This, the automakers hope, would improve lifetime revenues from a vehicle.This has spawned a new support ecosystem. In December, Bosch started an emergency call service in India for Mercedes-Benz customers. The service is supported by data and call operations centres in Bengaluru and Coimbatore.Bosch, which supports Mercedes globally, declines to share employee numbers but a spokesperson said the current set-up is capable of supporting up to 1 million cars. The call centre responds automated/manual alerts and supports arranging response when needed. Besides help for any engine-related problems, it enables access to 13,500 hospitals and police stations across 27 states and 5 Union territories. The assistance is provided in Hindi and English.Upgrading MechanicsIn 2018, Maruti launched Suzuki Connect, an embedded device that tracks the location and key performance parameters of a vehicle in real time. Information about the car is relayed to the cloud and can be accessed by the company and its dealers. Available in four of its top models, Suzuki Connect at the backend is supported by 10,000 people manning call centres and service stations. "We offer over-the-air software upgrades. And in case you need a mechanic to attend, much like hiring an Uber, you can track their location and the time they will take to respond," says Rajesh Uppal, CIO at Maruti Suzuki India.Suzuki Connect costs Rs 10,000 for a three-year subscription. In the last 12-18 months, 6,500 technicians have been trained to install Suzuki Connect and this could increase to 10,000 in the coming months. MG Motor has partnered with Bajaj Allianz for roadside assistance. The company claims its Pulse Hub call centre, managed internally, will answer queries within 10 seconds. Dearer Cars:All this means buyers are also more for support. Companies take anywhere from Rs 10,000 to Rs 30,000 for up to three years of maintenance. "Earlier when I bought a car I didn't really need to go back to the dealer for expensive repairs as there was always a good option in the neighbourhood which was 30-40 per cent cheaper than the manufacturer. Now that option has gone," says Pooja Mittal, a Delhi-based marketing professional, who sold her 2007 Innova and bought a Hyundai Creta in mid-2019. Mittal is happy with her purchase. "It's an upgrade. Cameras make life easy when parking and reversing. Inside the car I'm connected automatically via Bluetooth, so I don't need to reach out to my phone if it rings or to read messages quickly," she says. However, "the wireless charging pad is not good to charge the iPhone 7 and the location of dashboard screen which show maps and other alerts could be better as I have to take my eyes off the road to look at them".Raman Roy, chairman-cum-managing director of Quatrro BPO Solutions, who drives a Toyota Camry, says: "The roadside fellow has no answer to any problem, barring a flat tyre or replacing a fused bulb. I had a problem with lights and had to take it to the company to fix them as lights were software-driven. You are stuck even for basic things like car lights." The prospects for the ubiquitous roadside garage, therefore, are bleak.Kavan Mukhtyar, partner & leader, automotive, PwC India, believes that by 2025, about one-third of the cost of the car will be accounted for by computers on-from about 10 per cent at present. "Car is becoming a moving computer. Roadside garages will see a dead end unless they become part of a bigger network, aligning with carmakers.Vehicle as a Service (VaaS) will be a new business model and up to 50,000 new jobs will be created in the next three to five years to support the cars." Western Digital's Tyagi sees car companies tying up with local repair garages to deliver services, "much like e-commerce companies partnering with kirana shops for quick delivery".Delete the DataBuyers will have to pay more for service every year and will even sign up for multi-year maintenance contracts. They will have to get used to software upgrades, firewall protection, diagnostics via app and hooking up with call centres for assistance. And buyers are keen, even in the used car market, to get a tech-loaded car. Sunny Kataria, VP, Auto, Olx India, says: "Ownership period of cars has declined from 7 years to 4 years and is expected to touch 3 years in 2020 — almost smartphone kind of replacement cycles. Cars with tech features can fetch 10-12 per cent higher prices than regular cars."While many might be keen to upgrade to new models, the level of data logging means owners must be careful to delete and reboot before selling a tech-loaded car. Much like a smartphone.Future ReadySmarter, connected cars will not only predict what is ahead, but even flySony Vision S 73362554 What happens when consumer electronics giants design cars? We have at least one answer in Sony Vision-S from Sony Corp. The car has 33 sensors, including 12 cameras, three solidstate lidar sensors (to measure distance using laser), and 15 radar and ultrasonic sensors. The combined hardware monitors traffic, road, driver and passengers. The dashboard is a screen that stretches between the pillars. If you don't see Vision-S on the roads in the coming years, you might find all the tech wizardry in cars that use this licensed tech from Sony.Hyundai Uber Flying Car 73362562 South Korean carmaker Hyundai aims to free up road traffic and make people zip across cities. The answer is a flying car, targeted at people in megacities like London and New York who can afford helicopters to get around. The electric flying car will have a range of 100 km per charge and recharge in 5-7 minutes. The plan is to mass produce these 5-seater vehicles and deploy them for Uber's air taxi network. Tests are due in 2020-21 and deployment is likely in 2023.AI-powered Sun Visor 73362573 It is the biggest upgrade of a car part that has barely changed for decades. Bosch has introduced artificial intelligence (AI)-powered sun visor called Virtual Visor. The visor takes the form of a rectangle that swings down from the headliner to block sunlight. It is a transparent LCD screen that uses an occupant-monitoring camera to track shadows across the front passengers' faces. AI then identifies facial features and uses this information to tint only the parts of the visor through which sunlight hits the passenger's eyes, creating a shadow that looks like a robotic Venetian mask. The rest stays transparent. All this for a safer drive.
By DK AggarwalSebi recently aligned margin processes for derivative and cash markets, with the objective of reducing risks in the system. Actually, the markets regulator has come up with many additional rules and mechanisms recently to reduce the risks of misuse of funds and securities, and to safeguard retail investors.Sebi has now restricted stockbrokers from providing additional leverage for intraday trades. With the change in the rule, investors now need to deposit the value at risk margin (VaR), extreme loss margin (ELM), mark-to-market margin (MTM), delivery margin, special/additional margin or any other margin as prescribed by the stock exchanges at the time of placing an order.Meanwhile, a request has been placed with Sebi to segregate between intraday margin and positional margin. Stockbrokers have written to Sebi to allow them to collect margins from their clients after market closing, instead of collecting them upfront at the time of doing the trade. Earlier, margin funding allowed brokerages to keep the unpaid securities in their own account, and in turn, pledge them to NBFCs to raise funds. If data is to be believed, intra-day trading volumes comprise at least 50 per cent of most stockbrokers' daily activity. As the new rule prevents brokerages from offering margin funding, it could adversely impact trading volumes on stock exchanges. The new rule will allow only bigger traders to take bigger positions, as they can afford it, and hence revenues of smaller brokerages are going to get hit. It would lead to an increase in the impact cost or slippages. Besides, participation in the weekly options is going to get limited as traders may be forced to move to monthly options in stocks and indices. Many small stockbrokers will need to limit their business, as they will have to pay a penalty if the initial margins have not been paid for trades carried forward to the next day. However, in the long run, it is expected to help retail traders adopt a disciplined approach and indirectly control speculative activities in the market. Moreover, a sufficiently leveraged system and positions will positively make trading more transparent and increase market participation in a more continuous manner. 73350925 Chairman and MD, SMC Investments and Advisors
Xiaomi India's managing director Manu Kumar Jain would play a key role in deciding the Chinese electronic company's entry into newer global markets and product categories, while chief operating officer Muralikrishnan B will helm the offline expansion. The entry into brick and mortar stores was till now spearheaded by Jain. Three senior industry executives said that while Jain will continue in his existing role of India MD, he will allocate disproportionate time to anchor these strategic initiatives and mentor new projects, both for India and global operations. The role shift, announced internally last week, is effective this month.Considered the poster boy of the smartphone industry in the country, Jain is one of the rare Indian executives featuring in the top leadership team of a Chinese company as a global vice president. He is the only expat in the CXO team at Xiaomi Corp.Xiaomi wants to enter new markets and categories banking on the success in India where it overtook deep pocketed and well-entrenched Samsung more than two years ago to become the largest smartphone maker. It also claims leadership in smart televisions in India, a category it entered less than two years ago.Jain will head the expansion of newer categories, such as smart televisions, and expand presence in internet connected devices and home appliances in India. He also handles Xiaomi's operations of Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka from India, which is the SAARC base for the company.Xiaomi has also decided to expand the width of its presence in offline market in India and is seeking to double offline sales this year to strengthen and widen the lead over Samsung and Realme, the executives said.A Xiaomi India spokesperson did not respond to queries.Xiaomi India's director for offline sales Sunil Baby will report to Muralikrishnan. Raghu Reddy, who leads all categories and online sales, will continue in his role. Reddy and Muralikrishnan will report to Jain. The company recently announced it has sold one million devices in the Indian offline market last Friday. Xiaomi currently has an offline presence of more than 2,500 Mi Stores, 75-plus Mi Home and more than 20 Mi Studios. Besides, it also has a presence in more than 7,000 multi-brand stores that operate as preferred partners.
Hey everyone, welcome back to Week in Review where I dive deep into a bit of news from the week or just share some thoughts and go over some of the more interesting stories of the week.
If you’re reading this on the TechCrunch site, you can get this in your inbox here, and follow my tweets here.
The big story
“Cord cutting” might still be a major trend for those walking away from cable subscriptions in favor of online streaming services, but the world of online subscription TV is nearly saturated and as 2020 prepares to inundate us with more services, it’s likely growing time for consumers to stop adding services and start prioritizing.
NBCUniversal delivered some more details this week on its Peacock network and earlier this month we heard more about the mobile-only streaming network Quibi . These launches will come along in the spring, arriving just months after the high-profile launches on Apple TV+ and Disney+. Adding four high-spend streaming platforms in a short time frame could rattle the cages of consumers that have been bumbling along with only a couple streaming service subscriptions.
NBCUniversal’s Peacock seems to walk the line between both worlds, leveraging Comcast subscribers without seeming to invest heavily in original content for the service. Their strategy is pinned on the attractiveness of their existing content library which they’re promoting heavily on both free and paid plans. There could be something here, it feels like a marked return to the early Hulu playbook, which could very well be played out.
I still don’t know what to think of Quibi. They are dropping plenty of cash but spending your way into building a Gen Z network seems like a tall order. They’ve already nabbed a big partnership with T Mobile which seems promising when considering their broader industry adoption and yet it still seems like Snapchat Discover Prime. I’ll withhold judgment until launch but other mobile-first video networks have had less than stellar receptions.
Side note: At this point in the streaming video product life cycle, I would imagine cracking down on password-sharing is going to start being a more attractive option for streaming service operators.
We’ll see how this all shakes out, but it’s getting crowded.
Trends of the week
Here are a few big news items from big companies, with green links to all the sweet, sweet added context:
Visa buys Plaid for $5.2 billion The biggest acquisition of the week was the very bold purchase of Plaid by Visa. Visa paid up double the banking API startup’s last private valuation. Read more here.
Google acquires Pointy Google has announced a couple deals in the past few weeks. This week, we heard that they had acquired the Dublin startup Pointy, which builds hardware and software to help physical retailers track product inventory levels. Read more about it in our coverage.
Alphabet is a $1 trillion company In the current age of big tech, there’s an elite club for public companies worth more than $1 trillion in market cap. This week, Alphabet joined its ranks. Read more here.
Extra Crunch
Our premium subscription business had another great week of content. My colleague Darrell Etherington talked a bit about the next frontier of early-stage space investments.
“Space as an investment target is trending upwards in the VC community, but specialist firm Space Angels has been focused on the sector longer than most. The network of angel investors just published its most recent quarterly overview of activity in the space startup industry, revealing that investors put nearly $6 billion in capital into space companies across 2019.…”
Sign up for more newsletters, including my colleague Darrell Etherington’s new space-focused newsletter Max Q, here.
Last Saturday, Taiwanese voters re-elected President Tsai Ing-wen to her second term after an election that split the country among generational and ideological lines. A crucial issue were the differences in how Tsai, a member of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), and her main opponent, Han Kuo-yu of the Kuomintang (KMT), approach Taiwan's fraught relationship with China.
Despite the highly polarizing run-up to the election, however, both the DPP and KMT have taken measures to foster entrepreneurship in Taiwan. Now that Tsai has won, many investors don't expect a dramatic impact, but instead are keeping an eye on how policies put in motion by both parties will play out. They are also looking for political allies who understand the startup ecosystem in Taiwan, which is often overshadowed by large hardware OEMs and semiconductor companies.
Policy
Joseph Huang, an investment partner at Infinity Ventures, has worked with both the DPP and KMT as limited partners, and says "from our side, they are always asking for how to create more awareness of Taiwan startups, how do we help them with institutions, how do we help them more?"
When this year’s Academy Award nominations were announced on Monday, Netflix received 24 nominations — the most of any Hollywood studio.
That’s thanks in large part to “The Irishman,” which received 10 nominations, and “Marriage Story,” which received six (both films were nominated for Best Picture). As a result, Darrell finally watched Martin Scorsese’s three-and-a-half hour gangster epic — and he wasn’t impressed by the results.
He explains why on the latest episode of the Original Content podcast, in we discuss our reactions to the nominations, including the eyebrow-raising 11 nods for “Joker.” This leads to a broader discussion of why the nominations were so disappointing from a diversity perspective, and what exactly we want from awards like the Oscars anyway.
You can listen in the player below, subscribe using Apple Podcasts or find us in your podcast player of choice. If you like the show, please let us know by leaving a review on Apple. You can also send us feedback directly. (Or suggest shows and movies for us to review!)
And if you’d like to skip ahead, here’s how the episode breaks down: 0:00 Intro 1:01 Peacock discussion 14:21 Oscars discussion 53:17 “You” season 2 spoiler review
Hi everyone, my name is Eric Eldon and I’m the new writer of the Startups Weekly newsletter.
I'll be picking my favorite explicitly startup-focused articles of the week for you from Extra Crunch (where I'm the editor now), as well as TechCrunch (where I was the co-editor years ago… long story).
Some people tell us that TechCrunch doesn’t cover startups like it used to. I don't know if that is true, but it is definitely hard to keep track of our startup coverage mixed in with the rest of our news.
This newsletter will highlight the best startup coverage on TechCrunch and Extra Crunch to help fix that.
I probably hate reading bad startup advice and analysis even more than you do, and not only because I've had to read a lot of it over the years as an editor. I've also started a few companies myself, and I've had the chance to experience exits, failures and venture backing.
I'll be highlighting articles that I think address something significant about building a company, and I'll tell you why each one is worth a read.
There will also be some experiments. Thanks for reading! And if you want it in your inbox, you can subscribe here.
Everybody loves Plaid
Plaid's product is beyond boring to most people, but it is already a name brand to its enterprise users and across the greater startup world, as its stats and funding rounds have grown. The $5.3 billion outcome announced this week cements its status as a top SaaS/fintech startup story of this era, in addition to being a popular platform for developers who need to sync user payment data.
You can now tune into the latest TechCrunch Equity episode to hear him talk about it with our resident former VC Danny Crichton.
Atrium gets out of the human law firm business
Closely watched Atrium is shutting down the law firm to focus on the tech company. Founder Justin Kan tells Josh Constine on TechCrunch that this is part of the evolution toward providing a better tech service.
The law firm had been designed to provide the human touch in a way that machines couldn't, but Kan says that lawyers do that great as third parties.
Many SaaS startups are trying to take on the back office processes of the 20th century. Atrium’s change will be another reason for them to go all-in on software, with humans not included.
PR expert says maybe don't do PR right now
One of the most loved and feared people in tech communications today, Brooke Hammerling has been in the middle of key stories of the decade with founders young and old. And sometimes on the opposite side of me.
If you're an early-stage company, and you're an unknown founder, and you're coming out with your own take on something, you don't want to spend your money on PR too early.
You want to spend that money on product development and engagement and engineering and so forth.
Big funds do the small funding rounds now
That's the word on the street from our resident former VC, who was recently out in San Francisco visiting his many friends and professional acquaintances. Danny put his notes together for TechCrunch back in the comfort of his New York apartment, and found that everyone is raising huge rounds [emphasis his] — and it's all about being there for the future. Plaid’s cap table is a good example.
One of my favorite quotes:
As one VC explained to me last week (paraphrasing), "What's weird today is that you have firms like Sequoia who show up for seed rounds, but they don't really care about … anything. Valuation, terms, etc. It's all a play for those later-stage rounds." I think that's a bit of an exaggeration to be clear, but ultimately, those one million-dollar checks are essentially a rounding error for the largest funds. The real return is in the mega rounds down the road.
I have never been to CES and don't plan to go, but Brian Heater always goes and this year he came back thinking that the home robot sector is getting serious.
There's a cynical (and probably at least partially correct) view that these sorts of deals are publicity stunts — big companies using CES to demonstrate how forward-thinking they are about new technologies. But there's something to be said for the show's position at the forefront of such technologies. The products are real, even if wider use is hypothetical. And in an era when Amazon has deployed more than 100,000 robots across its U.S. fulfillment centers to enable next and same-day delivery, we're well into the realm of real-world use.
Brian is also hosting a one-day TechCrunch conference focused on robotics startups at UC Berkeley in early March, for those who are focused on this space. The event last year was a huge hit and we’re looking forward to the next one. Follow the link to learn more.
Will Silicon Valley win at weed?
Eaze has been one of the highest-profile cannabis distributors, but now it might be running out of cash, report Ingrid Owen and Josh Constine. There are many structural reasons why any cannabis business is very hard, legal or otherwise.
But it's interesting to take a look at who is succeeding in the consumer cannabis market and why.
One local example is Berner, a high school dropout in San Francisco who became a budtender and partnered with cannabis geneticists to create and promote the Girl Scout Cookies strain, and also became an international rap star (the main topic is his weed) and clothing designer.
These days, he's opening more and more Cookies retail cannabis outlets, including in Oakland and L.A., and cutting licensing and certification deals with a broad network of partners, (and claims to be turning down huge acquisition offers). Basically, his cannabis is also his modern multi-platform brand and the cool kids are into it. He does not appear to be running out of cash.
North of Silicon Valley, protected by the Point Reyes National Seashore, is the only operational ship-to-shore maritime radio station. Bearing the call sign KPH, the Point Reyes Station is the last of its kind.
KPH is divided between two physical stations: one, knows as the voice, is responsible for transmitting; the other half of the station, known as the ears, was where human operators listened for incoming messages. The voice is located 11 miles north of Point Reyes in the small town of Bolinas, Calif., and the ears reside within the Point Reyes National Seashore boundary nestled in pastures full of cattle and backdropped by the Pacific Ocean.
Stations like this once riddled the California coastline as part of a radio communication network. The operators who ran them were charged with watching over the Pacific Ocean airways, relaying messages to the sailors at sea.
“These guys and women were the best there were, and they had to be,” says Richard Dillman, chief operator at the Maritime Radio Historical Society. “On the ships, you could get away with anything. You could send slow, you could send fast, you could send like you were drunk, you could send like you are beating two spoons together. At the shore side, you had to be able to say, ‘fine, I got it, you can send fast, no problem. Send slow, I’llwait. Send like you are drunk, I can understand you.’ Because every word is revenue for the company because you were charging by the word.”
Dillman, who was never an employee of KPH, but rather a self-described “groupee and radio-obsessed person,” says the operators had to adapt to anything. “They were the best there were. They are our heroes and heroines.”
But once satellite communication became cheaper than paying radio operators, telegraphy became obsolete, and the network of radio stations became all but lost, as they were abandoned, sold and scavenged for parts.
Marin County Congressman Clem Miller saved KPH from this fate by writing and introducing the bill for the establishment of Point Reyes National Seashore. The bill preserved the land from development after operations ended.
A telegraphic timeline
The communications industry in the U.S. has seen several waves of disruption. The first significant innovation was sending a message by transmitting electrical signals over a wire.
In 1843, Samuel Morse, the father of Morse code, received funding from Congress to set up and test his new communication wire from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore. Upon completion, he sent the first official telegraph saying, "What hath God wrought." What it wrought was money.
Morse received enough funding to string wire across an unsettled American landscape. From 1843 to 1900, wired telegraphy reigned until a new technology disrupted the communication monopoly of Western Union.
On June 2, 1896, Guglielmo Marconi patented a system of wireless telegraphy that would utilize radio waves to transmit Morse's dits and dahs, making wired communication seem infrastructure-heavy. Plus, wireless telegraphy made maritime and transcontinental communication a lot more simple.
For almost 100 years, Morse code was used to communicate with ships at sea. By 1999 the industry had switched over to the cheaper and more efficient satellite communication systems.
The Point Reyes KPH station ended operations on June 30, 1997. The last day of U.S. commercial use of Morse code was July 12, 1999. The final message sent was the same as Morse’s first: "What hath God wrought."
‘This was the end’
"It's just beeps in the air," says Dillman. “That is all Morse code is. And yet it was so impactful and emotional to these people," he says about the operators and sailors he was with during the last day of Morse. "Because here they are seeing their career, their way of life, their skills disappearing. This was the end of the line. It used to be that you could take your license and telegraph key and move onto the next station, get a job, no problem. This was the end."
After the last day of Morse in 1999, two years after KPH shut down, Richard and a few other radiomen drove up to the shuttered KPH station to assess how harsh the elements had been in the two years since it closed.
"Here it was, our life’s work, just handed to us,” Dillman says. “Because here are the ears, in Point Reyes, still living. The voice in Bolinas — dark and cold, but existing. So all we had to do was convince the park service that [restoring the station] was worth doing, and we were the guys to do it. And we are still amazed that they bought our story, and we have not turned back."
Dillman and the rest of the radio squirrels that hang around KPH can be found every Sunday and more than welcome visitors.
This week, LaunchDarkly announced that it has raised another $54 million. Led by Bessemer Venture Partners and backed by the company’s existing investors, it brings the company’s total funding up to $130 million.
For the unfamiliar, LaunchDarkly builds a platform that allows companies to easily roll out new features to only certain customers, providing a dashboard for things like “canary launches” (pushing new stuff to a small group of users to make sure nothing breaks) or launching a feature only in select countries or territories. By productizing an increasingly popular development concept (“feature flagging”) and making it easier to toggle new stuff across different platforms and languages, the company is quickly finding customers in companies that would rather not spend time rolling their own solutions.
I spoke with CEO and co-founder Edith Harbaugh, who filled me in on where the idea for LaunchDarkly came from, how their product is being embraced by product managers and marketing teams and the company’s plans to expand with offices around the world. Here’s our chat, edited lightly for brevity and clarity.
In films, TV shows and books — and even in video games where characters are designed to respond to user behavior — we don’t perceive characters as beings with whom we can establish two-way relationships. But that’s poised to change, at least in some use cases.
Interactive characters — fictional, virtual personas capable of personalized interactions — are defining new territory in entertainment. In my guide to the concept of "virtual beings," I outlined two categories of these characters:
virtual influencers: fictional characters with real-world social media accounts who build and engage with a mass following of fans.
virtual companions: AIs oriented toward one-to-one relationships, much like the tech depicted in the films “Her” and “Ex Machina.” They are personalized enough to engage us in entertaining discussions and respond to our behavior (in the physical world or within games) like a human would.
Part 1 of 3: the investor perspective
In a series of three interviews, I’m exploring the startup opportunities in both of these spaces in greater depth. First, Michael Dempsey, a partner at VC firm Compound who has blogged extensively about digital characters, avatars and animation, offers his perspective as an investor hunting for startup opportunities within these spaces.
Microsoft has confirmed a security flaw affecting Internet Explorer is currently being used by hackers, but that it has no immediate plans to fix.
In a late-evening tweet, US-CERT, the division of Homeland Security tasked with reporting on major security flaws, tweeted a link to a security advisory detailing the bug, describing it as “being exploited in the wild.”
Microsoft said all supported versions of Windows are affected by the flaw, including Windows 7, which after this week no longer receives security updates.
The vulnerability was found in how Internet Explorer handles memory. An attacker could use the flaw to remotely run malicious code on an affected computer, such as tricking a user into opening a malicious website from a search query or a link sent by email.
It’s believed to be a similar vulnerability as one disclosed by Mozilla, the maker of the Firefox browser, earlier this week. Both Microsoft and Mozilla credited Qihoo 360, a China-based security research team, with finding flaws under active attack. Earlier in the week, Qihoo 360 reportedly deleted a tweet referencing a similar flaw in Internet Explorer.
Neither Qihoo, Microsoft, nor Mozilla said how attackers were exploiting the bug, who the attackers were, or who was being targeted. The U.S. government’s cybersecurity advisory unit also issued a warning about current exploitation.
Microsoft told TechCrunch that it was was “aware of limited targeted attacks” and was “working on a fix,” but that it was unlikely to release a patch until its next round of monthly security fixes — scheduled for February 11.
Microsoft assigned the bug with a common vulnerability identifier, CVE-2020-0674, but specific details of the bug have yet to be released.
When reached, a Microsoft spokesperson did not comment.
At most, 7 million of Instagram’s 1 billion-plus users have downloaded its standalone IGTV app in the 18 months since launch. And now, Instagram’s main app is removing the annoying orange IGTV button from its home page in what feels like an admission of lackluster results. For reference, TikTok received 1.15 billion downloads in the same period since IGTV launched in June 2018. In just the US, TikTok received 80.5 million downloads compared to IGTV’s 1.1 million since then, according to research commissioned by TechCrunch from Sensor Tower.
To be fair, TikTok has spent huge sums on install ads. But while long-form mobile video might gain steam as the years progress, Instagram hasn't seemed to crack the code yet.
“As we've continued to work on making it easier for people to create and discover IGTV content, we've learned that most people are finding IGTV content through previews in Feed, the IGTV channel in Explore, creators' profiles and the standalone app. Very few are clicking into the IGTV icon in the top right corner of the home screen in the Instagram app” a Facebook company spokesperson tells TechCrunch. “We always aim to keep Instagram as simple as possible, so we're removing this icon based on these learnings and feedback from our community.”
Instagram users don’t need the separate IGTV app to watch longer videos, as the IGTV experience is embedded in the main app and can be accessed via in-feed teasers, a tab of the Explore page, promo stickers in Stories, and profile tabs. Still, the fact that it wasn’t an appealing enough destination to warrant a home page button shows IGTV hasn’t become a staple like past Instagram launches including video, Stories, augmented reality filters, or Close Friends.
One thing still missing is an open way for Instagram creators to earn money directly from their IGTV videos. Users can’t get an ad revenue share like with YouTube or Facebook Watch. They also can’t receive tips or sell exclusive content subscriptions like on Facebook, Twitch, or Patreon.
The only financial support Facebook and Instagram have offered IGTV creators is reimbursement for production costs for a few celebrities. Those contracts also require creators to avoid making content related to politics, social issues, or elections, according to Bloomberg‘s Lucas Shaw and Sarah Frier.
"In the last few years we've offset small production costs for video creators on our platforms and have put certain guidelines in place," a Facebook spokesperson told Bloomberg. "We believe there's a fundamental difference between allowing political and issue-based content on our platform and funding it ourselves.” That seems somewhat hypocritical given Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg’s criticism of Chinese app TikTok over censorship of political content.
Now users need to tap the IGTV tab inside Instagram Explore to view long-form videoAnother thing absent from IGTV? Large view counts. The first 20 IGTV videos I saw today in its Popular feed all had fewer than 200,000 views. BabyAriel, a creator with nearly 10 million Instagram followers that the company touted as a top IGTV creator has only post 20 of the longer videos to date with only one receiving over 500,000 views.
When the lack of monetization is combined with less than stellar view counts compared to YouTube and TikTok, it’s understandable why some creators might be hesistant to dedicate time to IGTV. Without their content keeping the feature reliably interesting, it’s no surprise users aren’t voluntarily diving in from the home page.
In another sign that Instagram is folding IGTV deeper into its app rather than providing it more breathing room of its own, and that it’s eager for more content, you can now opt to post IGTV videos right from the main Instagram feed post video uploader. AdWeek Social Pro reported this new “long video” upload option yesterday. A Facebook company spokesperson tells me “We want to keep our video upload process as simple as possible” and that “Our goal is to create a central place for video uploads”.
IGTV launched with a zealotish devotion to long-form vertical video despite the fact that little high quality content of this nature was being produced. Landscape orientation is helpful for longer clips that often require establishing shots and fitting multiple people on screen, while vertical was better for quick selfie monologues.
Yet Instagram co-founder Kevin Systrom described IGTV to me in August 2018, declaring that "What I'm most proud of is that Instagram took a stand and tried a brand new thing that is frankly hard to pull off. Full-screen vertical video that's mobile only. That doesn't exist anywhere else."
Now it doesn’t exist on Instagram at all since May 2019 when IGTV retreated from its orthodoxy and began allowing landscape content. I’d recommended it do that from the beginning, or at least offer a cropping tool for helping users turn their landscape videos into coherent vertical ones, but nothing’s been launched there either.
If Instagram still cares about IGTV, it needs to attract more must-see videos by helping creators get paid for their art. Or it needs to pour investment into buying high quality programming like Snapchat Discover’s Shows. If Instagram doesn’t care, it should divert development resources to it’s TikTok clone Reels that actually looks very well made and has a shot at stealing market share in the remixable social entertainment space.
For a company that’s won by betting big and moving fast, IGTV feels half-baked and sluggish. That might have been alright when Snapchat was shrinking and TikTok was still Musically, but Instagram is heading into an era of much stiffer competition. Quibi and more want to consume multi-minute spans of video viewing on mobile, and the space could grow as adults familiarize with the format. But offering the platform isn't enough for Instagram. It needs to actively assist creators with finding what content works, and how to earn sustainable wages marking it.
Welcome back to This Week in Apps, the Extra Crunch series that recaps the latest OS news, the applications they support and the money that flows through it all.
The app industry is as hot as ever with a record 204 billion downloads in 2019 and $120 billion in consumer spending in 2019, according to App Annie’s recently released “State of Mobile” annual report. People are now spending 3 hours and 40 minutes per day using apps, rivaling TV. Apps aren’t just a way to pass idle hours — they’re a big business. In 2019, mobile-first companies had a combined $544 billion valuation, 6.5x higher than those without a mobile focus.
In this Extra Crunch series, we help you to keep up with the latest news from the world of apps, delivered on a weekly basis.
This week, we dig into App Annie’s new “State of Mobile 2019” report and other app trends. We’re also seeing big gains for TikTok in 2019 and Disney+ in Q4. Both Apple and Google announced acquisitions this week that have implications for the mobile industry, as well.
Neighborhood stores dot tens of thousands of cities, towns and villages in India. They have survived — and thrived, despite — retail giants' billions of investment in the country. Now, Amazon is beginning to embrace them.
Amazon said on Saturday it has partnered with thousands of neighborhood stores — locally known as kirana stores — across India to use them to store and deliver goods.
The company said it's a win-win scenario for all stakeholders. "It's good for customers, and it helps the shop owners earn additional income," tweeted Amazon founder and chief executive Jeff Bezos .
Amazon, which piloted the program dubbed “I have Space” years ago, has partnered with more than 20,000 kirana stores, the company said.
“Today, we have thousands of retail outlets partnering with us under this program. The network of 'I Have Space' partners is spread across Tier 1, 2 and 3 cities – and beyond,” the company told TechCrunch.
Bezos' announcement today, as he concludes his fourth India trip, underscores just how vital neighborhood stores remain for shoppers in the country despite the world’s largest e-commerce giant’s major push into the country and an emergence of heavily backed ecosystem of shopping startups.
Amazon partners with thousands of kirana stores all over India as delivery points. It's good for customers, and it helps the shop owners earn additional income. Got to visit one in Mumbai. Thank you, Amol, for letting me deliver a package. #MSMEpic.twitter.com/VpoHUoJOIH
These mom-and-pop stores offer all kinds of items, pay low wages and little to no rent. Since they are ubiquitous (there are more than 10 million neighborhood stores in India, according to industry estimates), no retail giant can offer a faster delivery. And on top of that, their economics is often better than most. E-commerce is still at an early stage in India, accounting for just 3% of total retail sales, according to industry estimates.
JioMart is a joint venture between Ambani's Reliance Jio, which reshaped the country's telecom market with ultra-cheap mobile data, and his Reliance Retail, the nation's largest retail chain with over 10,000 outlets in 6,500 Indian cities and towns.
The new venture is courting shopkeepers in many parts of India to use a handheld Jio terminal to help them better manage their inventory and order new stock from Reliance's network of wholesalers. (Amazon, on its part, is slowly deepening its partnership with Future Retail, the second largest retailer in India.)
"Jio and Reliance Retail will launch a unique new commerce platform to empower and enrich our 12 lakh (1.2 million) small retailers and shopkeepers in Gujarat," Ambani said last year.
It was followed by Bezos' arrival in India. At an event in New Delhi, he announced the company was investing a fresh $1 billion to its India operations and said it would work to help millions of small merchants come online for the first time. (This is on top of $5.5 billion the company has previously committed to its India business.)
Not far from the event venue, dozens of merchants assembled to protest the alleged anticompetitive practices of Amazon and Flipkart. On top of that, India's trade minister Piyush Goyal chimed in on Amazon's new investment to India, and said the investment was not a big favor to the nation. A day later, he backtracked on his comment.
On Friday, Amazon said it would create a million jobs in India by 2025, and ran a letter signed by Bezos on Amazon India website and app. Bezos had also sought to meet with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi — a request that was not fulfilled.
During this week’s Democratic debate, there was a lot of talk, unsurprisingly, about ensuring the future of this country’s children and grandchildren. Climate change was of particular interest to billionaire Tom Steyer, who said repeatedly that addressing it would be his top priority were he elected U.S. president.
As it happens, earlier the same day, we’d spent time on the phone with two venture capitalists who think of almost nothing else every day. The reason: they both invest in so-called deep tech, and they meet routinely with startups whose central focus is on making the world habitable for generations of people to come — as well as trying to produce outsize financial returns, of course.
The two VCs with whom we talked know each other well. Siraj Khaliq is a partner at the global venture firm Atomico, where he tries to find world-changing startups that are enabled by machine learning, AI, and computer vision. He has strong experience in the area, having cofounded The Climate Corporation back in 2006, a company that helps farmers optimize crop yield and that was acquired by Monsanto in 2013 for roughly $1 billion.
Seth Bannon is meanwhile a founding partner of Fifty Years, a nearly five-year-old, San Francisco-based seed-stage fund whose stated ambition is backing founders who want to solve the world’s biggest problems. The investors’ interests overlap so much that Khaliq is also one of Fifty Years’s investors.
From both, we wanted to know which companies or trends are capturing their imagination and, in some cases, their investment dollars. Following are excerpts from our extended conversation earlier this week. (We thought it was interesting; hopefully you will, too.)
TC: Seth, how would you describe what you’re looking to fund at your firm?
SB: There’s a Winston Churchill essay [penned nearly 100 years ago] called “Fifty Years Hence” that describes what we do. He predicts genomic engineering, synthetic biology, growing meat without animals, nuclear power, satellite telephony. Churchill also notes that because tech changes so quickly that it’s important that technologists take a principled approach to their work. [Inspired by him] we’re backing founders who can make a ton of money while doing good and focusing on health, disease, the climate crisis . . .
TC: What does that mean exactly? Are you investing in software?
SB: We’re not so enthusiastic about pure software because it’s been so abstracted away that it’s become a commodity. High school students can now build an app, which is great, but it also means that competitive pressures are very high. There are a thousand funds focused on software seed investing. Fortunately, you can now launch a synthetic biology startup with seed funding, and that wasn’t possible 10 years ago. There are a lot of infrastructural advancements happening that makes [deep tech investing even with smaller checks] interesting.
TC: Siraj, you also invest exclusively on frontier, or deep tech, at Atomico . What’s your approach to funding startups?
SK: We do Series A [deals] onward and don’t do seed stage. We primarily focus on Europe. But there’s lot of common thinking between us and Seth. As a fund, we’re looking for big problems that change the world, sometimes at companies that won’t necessarily be big in five years but if you look out 10 years could be necessary for humanity. So we’re trying to anticipate all of these big trends and focus on three or four theses a year and talk as much as we can with academics and other experts to understand what’s going on. Founders then know we have an informed view.
Last year, we focused on synthetic biology, which is a becoming so broad a category that it’s time to start subdividing it. We were also doing AI-based drug discovery and quantum computing and we started to spend some time on energy as well. We also [continued an earlier focus on ] the future of manufacturing and industry. We see a number of trends that make [the latter] attractive, especially in Europe where manufacturing hasn’t yet been digitized.
TC: Seth, you mentioned synthetic biology infrastructure. Can you elaborate on what you’re seeing that’s interesting on this front?
SB: You’ve maybe heard of directed evolution, technology that allows biologists to use the power of evolution to get microbes or other biological machines to do what they want them to do that would have been impossible before. [Editor’s note: here, Bannon talks a bit about Frances Arnold, the Nobel Prize-winning chemist who was awarded the honor in 2018 for developing the technique.]
So we’re excited to back [related] startups. One, Solugen, enzymatically makes industrial chemicals [by combining genetically modified enzymes with organic compounds, like plant sugars]. Hydrogen peroxide is a $6 billion dollar industry, and it’s currently made through a petroleum-based process in seven-football-field-long production plants that sometimes explode and kill people.
TC: Is this then akin to Zymergen, which develops molecules in order to create unique specialty materials?
SB: Zymergen mainly works as a kind of consultant to help companies engineer strains that they want. Solugen is a vertically integrated chemicals company, so it [creates its formulations], then sells directly into industry.
TC: How does this relate to new architectures?
SB: The way to think about it is that there’s a bunch of application-level companies, but as synthetic biology companies start to take off, there’s a bunch of emerging infrastructure layer companies. One of these is Ansa Biotechnologies, which has a fully enzymatic process for writing DNA. Like Twist, which went public, they make DNA to sell to customers in the biotech industry. But whereas Twist is using a chemical process to make DNA, Ansa’s approach is fully enzymatic. [Editor’s note: More on the competition in this emerging space here.]
Also, if you look at plant-based alternatives to meat, they’re more sustainable but also far more expensive than traditional beef. Why is that? Well plant-based chicken is more expensive because the processing infrastructure being used is more than 10 years behind real chicken processing, where you’ll see robot arms that cut up chicken so efficiently that it looks like a Tesla factory.
[Alternative meat] companies are basically using these extruders built in the ’70s because the industry has been so small, and that’s because there’s been a lot of skepticism from the investment community in these companies. Or there was. The performance of Beyond Meat’s IPO ended it. Now there’s a rush of founders and dollars into that space, and whenever you have a space where the core infrastructure has been neglected, there’s opportunity. A former mechanical engineer with Boeing has started a company, Rebellyous Foods, to basically build the AWS for the plant-based food industry, for example. She’s using [the machines she’s building] to sell plant-based chicken nuggets, [but that’s the longer-term plan].
TC: Siraj, you say last year you started to spend time on energy. What’s interesting to you as it relates to energy?
SK: There’s been some improvement in how we capture emissions, but [carbon emissions] are still very deleterious to our health and the planet’s health, and there are a few areas to think about [to address the problem]. Helping people measure and control their consumption is one approach, but also we think about how to produce new energy, which is a shift we [meaning mankind] need to undertake. The challenge [in making that shift] is often [capital expenditures]. It’s hard for venture investors to back companies that are [building nuclear reactors], which makes government grants the best choice for early innovation oftentimes. There is one company, Seaborg, that has figured out a clever reactor. It’s not a portfolio company but it’s [compelling].
SB: We also really like what Seaborg is doing. These [fourth generation] nuclear companies have a whole host of approaches that allow for smaller, safer reactors that you wouldn’t mind having in your backyard. But Siraj put his finger on it: as an early-stage deep tech investor, we have to consider the capital plan of a company, and if it needs to raise billions of dollars, early investors will get really diluted, so early-stage venture just isn’t the best fit.
TC: There are other areas you like, though, because costs have fallen so much.
SB: Yes. Satellite telephony used to be one of those areas. Some of the satellites in space right now cost $350 million [to launch] and took three to four years to build, which would be really hard for any early-stage investor to fund. But now, a new generation of companies is building satellites for one-tenth of the cost in months, not years. That’s a game changer. They can iterate faster. They can build a better product. They don’t have to raise equity to build and launch either; they can raise from a debt financier [from whom they can] borrow money and pay it back over time. That model isn’t available to a company like Uber or Lyft, because those companies can’t say, ‘X is going to cost us Y dollars and it will pay back Z over time.’
TC: What of concerns that all these cheap satellites are going to clog up the sky pretty quickly?
SB: It’s a real concern. Most [of today’s satellites] are low earth satellites, and the closer to the earth they are, the brighter they are; they reflect the sun more, the more satellites we’re seeing instead of stars. I do think it’s incumbent on all of these companies to think about how they are contributing to the future of humanity. But when you connect the unconnected, educational outcomes improve, health improves, inequality decreases, and the stability of governments improves, so maybe the developed world needs to sacrifice a bit. I think that’s a reasonable tradeoff. If on the other hand, we’re putting up satellites to help people buy more crap . . .
TC: It’s like the argument for self-driving cars in a way. Life becomes more efficient, but they’ll require far more energy generation, for example. There are always second-order consequences.
SK: But think of how many people are killed in driving accidents, versus terrorist attacks. Humans have many great qualities, but being able to drive a lethal machine consistently isn’t one of them. So when we take that into perspective, it’s really important that we build autonomous vehicles.
You [voice] a legitimate concern, and often when there are step changes, there are discontinuities along the way that lead to side effects that aren’t great. That comes down to several things. First, infrastructure will have to keep up. We’ll also have to create regulations that don’t lead to the worst outcomes. One our investments, Lilium in Munich, has built an entirely electric air taxi service that’s built on vertical takeoff. It’s nimble. It’s quiet enough to operate in city environments.
On roads, cars are constrained by 2D terrain and buildings, but [in the air] if you can do dynamic air traffic control, it opens up far much efficient transport. If you can get from downtown London to Heathrow [airport] in five minutes versus 50 minutes in a Tesla? That’s far more energy efficient.
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మహేష్ హీరోగా నటించిన సరిలేరు నీకెవ్వరు సినిమా నిన్నటితో ఫస్ట్ వీక్ పూర్తి చేసుకుంది. ఈ 7 రోజుల్లో ఈ సినిమా ప్రపంచవ్యాప్తంగా 100 కోట్ల రూపాయల షేర్ సాధించినట్టు మేకర్స్ ప్రకటించారు. ఆశ్చర్యకరంగా రాత్రి జరిగిన సక్సెస్ సంబరాల్లోనే ఈ పోస్టర్ ను విడుదల చేశారు. నిజానికి లెక్కలన్నీ తేలడానికి కాస్త టైమ్ పడుతుంది. కానీ 7వ రోజు రన్ పూర్తికాకుండా వంద కోట్ల షేర్ అంటూ పోస్టర్ రిలీజ్ చేశారు. ఈ సంగతి పక్కనపెడితే.. […]
అమరావతి కోసం ఉండవల్లిలో జేఏసీ ఆధ్వర్యంలో ప్రజాబ్యాలెట్ ను నిర్వహించారు. ఈ కార్యక్రమంలో పాల్గొన్న నారా లోకేష్… గుంటూరు, కృష్ణా జిల్లాల వైసీపీ ప్రజాప్రతినిధులకు హెచ్చరిక జారీ చేశారు. అమరావతి కోసం వెంటనే ఎమ్మెల్యే పదవులకు రాజీనామా చేసి పోరాటంలో పాల్గొనాలని, తాను హెచ్చరిక జారీ చేస్తున్నానన్నారు. ముఖ్యమంత్రి పై ఒత్తిడి పెంచాలని… మీరు రాజీనామా చేయకుండా డ్రామాలు ఆడితే మటుకు మీరు రెండు జిల్లాల్లో తిరిగే పరిస్థితి ఉండదని హెచ్చరిక జారీచేస్తున్నాను అంటూ… ఆవేశంగా మాట్లాడారు […]
సంక్రాంతికి రిలీజ్ అయ్యి హిట్ టాక్ తో విజయవంతంగా నడుస్తోంది 'సరిలేరు నీకెవ్వరు' సినిమా. తాజాగా హీరో మహేష్ బాబు కూడా సక్సెస్ మీట్ లకు హాజరవుతూ సినిమాకు మరింత ప్రమోషన్ చేస్తున్నారు. ఇప్పటికే దేశంలో, ఓవర్సీస్ లో కలెక్షన్ల వర్షం కురిపిస్తోంది. అయితే సినిమా నిడివి ఎక్కువగా ఉండడం.. పలు కామెడీ సీన్లు పండకపోవడంతో ప్రేక్షకుల టాక్ ప్రకారం కొన్ని సీన్లకు కత్తెర వేయడానికి సినిమా యూనిట్ సిద్ధమైనట్టు సమాచారం. సరిలేరు సినిమా రిలీజ్ కు […]
పవన్ కళ్యాణ్ బీజేపీ పంచన చేరడంతో ఆయన మీద ఆశలు పెట్టుకున్న కొందరు సోషల్ మీడియా వేదికగా తమ తీవ్ర నిరసనను వ్యక్తం చేస్తున్నారు. వీళ్ళల్లో ఎక్కువ మంది రచయితలు, మేధావులు కావడం విశేషం. పవన్ కళ్యాణ్ గొప్పనటుడు… ఆయనకు సన్నివేశం, డైలాగ్ లు రాసిస్తే అవలీలగా నటించే అలవాటు ఉన్నవాడు. ఇప్పటివరకూ మంచి స్క్రిప్ట్లు అందిస్తూ దర్శకుడిగా, నిర్మాతగా చంద్రబాబు ఉన్నా…. ఇప్పుడు అంతకు మించి నాగపూర్ వాసులైన గొప్ప దర్శకుడు, నిర్మాత దొరికాడు అంటూ […]
సాయిబాబా జన్మ స్థలం ఎక్కడ? ఆయన షిర్డీలో పుట్టలేదా? ఇప్పుడు ఈ అంశం దేశంలో కలకలం రేపుతోంది. షిర్డి సాయిబాబా పర్బిని జిల్లాలోని పత్రిలో పుట్టారని.. ఆ ఊరును డెవలఫ్ చేస్తామని మహారాష్ట్ర సీఎం ఉద్దవ్ థాక్రే ప్రకటించారు. దీంతో సాయిబాబా జన్మభూమి ఏంటి అనే దానిపై చర్చ మొదలైంది. సద్గురు సాయిబాబా జన్మస్థలం పర్బిని జిల్లాకు చెందిన 'పత్రి' అని స్థానికులు భావించి 1999లో శ్రీ సాయి జన్మస్థాన్ మందిరాన్ని నిర్మించారు. ఇక్కడికి వేల సంఖ్యలో […]
బాబోయ్ మా పరువు కాపాడండీ అని వేడుకుంటున్నారు టీటీడీ ఆధీనంలోని ఎస్వీబీసీ ఛానల్ మహిళా ఉద్యోగులు. ఇదే విన్నపంతో ఛానల్ కార్యనిర్వాహక అధికారికి లేఖ రాశారు. ఎస్వీబీసీ ఛైర్మన్ పృథ్వీతో ఫోన్ కాల్ లీక్ కావడంతో ప్రస్తుతం ఛానల్లో మహిళల పరిస్థితి దయనీయంగా మారింది. మాజీ చైర్మన్ పృధ్వీతో ఫోన్ మాట్లాడిన మహిళను ఎప్పుడో విధుల నుంచి తప్పించారు. కానీ.. ఎవరెవరో ఎక్కడెక్కడి నుంచో ఫోన్ చేసి అది మీరేనా.. మీరేనా.. అంటూ ప్రశ్నిస్తున్నారని కన్నీరు పెట్టుకుంటున్నారు […]
వన్డేల్లో అత్యంతవేగంగా 7వేల పరుగుల ఓపెనర్ భారత డాషింగ్ ఓపెనర్ రోహిత్ శర్మ…వన్డే క్రికెట్ చరిత్రలో అత్యంత వేగంగా 7వేల పరుగుల మైలురాయిని చేరిన తొలి క్రికెటర్ గా నిలిచాడు. ఇప్పటి వరకూ సౌతాఫ్రికా మాజీ ఓపెనర్ హషీమ్ ఆమ్లా పేరుతో ఉన్న రికార్డును రోహిత్ అధిగమించాడు. ఆస్ట్ర్రేలియాతో తీన్మార్ వన్డే సిరీస్ లో భాగంగా రాజ్ కోటలోని సౌరాష్ట్ర్ర క్రికెట్ సంఘం స్టేడియం వేదికగా ముగిసిన రెండో వన్డేలో 42 పరుగుల స్కోరు సాధించడం ద్వారా రోహిత్ ఈ […]
కంగారూలను దెబ్బకు దెబ్బతీసిన విరాట్ సేన భారత్- ఆస్ట్ర్రేలియాజట్ల తీన్మార్ వన్డే సిరీస్ నువ్వానేనా అన్నట్లుగా సాగుతోంది. ఆరునూరైనా నెగ్గితీరాల్సిన రెండోవన్డేలో భారత్ 36 పరుగుల విజయం సాధించడంతో సిరీస్ రసపట్టుగా మారింది. రాజ్ కోట లోని సౌరాష్ట్ర్ర క్రికెట్ సంఘం స్టేడియం వేదికగా ముగిసిన డూ ఆర్ డై రెండో వన్డేలో ఆతిథ్య భారత్ 36 పరుగులతో నెగ్గి సిరీస్ లో 1-1తో సమఉజ్జీగా నిలిచింది. టాస్ ఓడినా 340 స్కోరు…. బ్యాటింగ్ కు స్వర్గధామం లాంటి రాజ్ […]
Despite shake-up, Vladimir Putin rejects idea of Soviet-style leaders for life Putin, in a surprise move, picked Mikhail Mishustin, the low-profile head of the country's tax service, as the country's next prime minister.
RRB NTPC Admit Card 2020. Applicants who had applied to this Railway Recruitment Board for various posts can get the RRB NTPC Admit Card 2020 here. Download Indian Railways Non-Technical NTPC Hall Ticket 2020 at www.indianrailways.gov.in. A total of 1.6 crore students have registered for the 35,277 posts under the NTPC Exams 2020. As per the recent notification, the CBT 1 Exam 2019 will be conducted between June 2019 to September 2019 month. Here we will give you detailed information regarding the RRB NTPC Exams 2020 for the TC, ECRC, Goods Guard, TA, CA, Time Keeper, Clerk Cum Typist, JAA & ASM Posts. Candidates can download Call Letter for all zones from the Official Website links that are attached below.
