An ABC News investigation offers sobering insight into how COVID-19 has spread and penetrated so broadly, so deeply and so quickly in the United States. It also helps explain why Americans, no matter where they live, must continue to heed the warnings of health officials to self distance and why the virus likely was here far earlier than first realized.
With the advent of COVID-19, the world has officially entered a dangerous new phase where a surge in international travel in recent decades served as the springboard -- jet fuel, really -- for an infectious disease potentially to kill hundreds of thousands in the U.S. and infect the global economy at breathtaking speed.
WNU Editor: The best explanation I have read so far on why this disease spread so quickly ....
.... "The high volume of international travel, the lack of screening, the inconsistent hand-washing and cough control ... these laid down the perfect conditions for a disease to spread. Add that to a virus that is both largely asymptomatic and has a prolonged infectious period, and you have got a perfect storm of factors for a pandemic."
The data from China on people leaving the country when the pandemic erupted is also shocking ....
.... Travel data of passengers arriving in the United States from China during the critical period in December, January and February, when the disease took hold in that country, shows a stunning 759,493 people entered the U.S.
I live in Montreal, Canada, and it is now the epicentre of this pandemic in Canada. Why is that the case? Spring break occurred at the same time when the coronavirus had established itself in places where Quebecers go for a week vacation. We also had the arrival of hundreds of thousands of "snowbirds", Quebecers who live in places like Florida for the winter who come back to Quebec in March and April to live here when it starts to get warm.
Africa faces an 'existential threat' as coronavirus cases in some countries could top 10,000 by the end of April, officials say. https://t.co/0SSjEoihZx
Research shows coronavirus can be spread not just by sneezes or coughs, but also simply by talking or possibly even breathing, a prestigious scientific panel told the White House https://t.co/3nKTDobEWZ
The Statue of Liberty seen from the Staten Island Ferry, March 25, 2020. Penman said this was his favorite photo from the series, 'just because normally you would never get to take that picture because there would be too many people on the boat'
* The National Academy of Sciences warned the White House that breathing or talking could spread coronavirus * A Harvard doctor warned that Americans may need to cover their faces in public * Recent studies suggest the virus can travel up to 21 feet through the air
Just breathing and talking can spread coronavirus, a renowned medical group warned the White House Wednesday night.
A leading member of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and former Harvard School of Public Health dean, Dr Harvey Fineberg, told CNN that while surgical masks should be reserved for health care workers, he himself is going to be wearing a bandanna or other face covering.
Dr Anthony Fauci, a White House coronavirus task force member and leading infectious disease expert said that the subject of having Americans cover their faces in public is a 'very active discussion' among the committee.
Research remains mixed on whether surgical masks work as well as N95 respirators and whether cloth face coverings do much at all to prevent infection, but Dr Fauci noted that they might be pro
WNU Editor: Here is an easy prediction. Wearing a mask will be taken for granted worldwide when this is all over. Asians have been wearing masks for years, and Austria is now mandating that people entering a supermarket must wear a mask .... Austria is making everyone who goes inside a supermarket wear a face mask (CBS News). I live in Canada, and the professional medical position here is that there are no medical benefits for the public to wear a mask. I strongly disagree, and this is why .... Coronavirus: End Canada's face mask misdirection. It is preposterous (Ian Young, SCMP).
Dr. Paul Offit, Director of the Vaccine Education Center at Children's Hospital in Philadelphia and co-inventor of the rotavirus vaccine, says, "I don't see eighteen months—Dr. Anthony Fauci could see something I don't here, he is certainly closer to it—but I think eighteen months is a very, very, very optimistic timeline."
Jacob Heilbrunn: How does the COVID-19 crisis end?
Paul Offit: German chancellor Angela Merkel said it best: "We need to get to a doubling time of longer than ten days." The number of hospital admissions and deaths caused by COVID-19, those doubling intervals, is more than ten days. For example, on March 26 we had one thousand deaths; on March 28, two thousand. That's a doubling time of two days. By April 1 we had four thousand deaths. That means we had a doubling time of four days. If you can get to a ten-day doubling time, it is likely that hospital discharges will exceed admissions and you can say that you accomplished what you wanted—no longer overwhelming the healthcare system. That's what you are worried about—not that you can't take care of these patients, but that you can't take care of any patients.
WNU Editor: My brother works in the bio-tech industry, and he is very knowledgeable on these things. He agrees with Dr. Paul Offit. Making a vaccine takes time, and as my brother put it to me tonight, he would not take any vaccine until it has been thoroughly tested. And it does not stop there. Once a vaccine has been developed and tested, it will take time to manufacture and distribute it. To say that this is distressing is an understatement. I know that no major government in the world is going to make a major economic and/or political decision until this is resolved. Bottom line. This pandemic and the restrictions that have been imposed on the world may last well into 2021.
* Islamist extremist groups say coronavirus is punishment for non-Muslims * The comments were made in a new editorial of the IS al-Naba newsletter * Crisis groups warn Covid-19 is threatening efforts to stop terrorism
An IS newsletter has urged followers to launch attacks amid the coronavirus pandemic.
A new editorial in the latest al-Naba newsletter has called for members to continue their globe-spanning terror, even as the virus spreads, and provides a list of directives to deal with epidemics.
The commentary added that coronavirus was a punishment for non-Muslims and that no mercy should be shown.
While the list included 'stay away from sick people', 'wash your hands before eating' and 'avoid travel to affected areas', it also included directive to 'put your faith in God and seek refuge in him'.
* Acting US Navy Secretary Thomas Modly announced that Captain Brett Crozier is being relieved of his command of the USS Roosevelt on Thursday * It comes four days after Crozier penned a letter to Navy leaders calling for the immediate evacuation of the aircraft carrier * Modly said that the decision to relieve Crozier was driven by the fact that he shared the letter with at least 20 people before it was leaked in the media * The secretary insisted that he was not accusing Crozier of leaking it himself * However, US officials told Reuters that the Navy did believe he was responsible * The USS Roosevelt was docked in Guam last week after 25 crew members tested positive for COVID-19 * At least 93 sailors on the nuclear aircraft carrier have since tested positive * The Navy is in the process of evacuating 2,700 sailors from the ship
The US Navy has relieved the captain of the coronavirus-stricken aircraft carrier USS Roosevelt days after his plea for help for his sailors went public.
Acting US Navy Secretary Thomas Modly announced on Thursday afternoon that Captain Brett Crozier had been relieved of his command of the nuclear aircraft carrier, four days after he penned a scathing letter to Navy leaders calling for stronger action to address the COVID-19 outbreak he said was unnecessarily threatening his sailors lives.
Modly said that the decision was driven by the fact that Crozier shared his letter with at least 20 people before it was leaked in the media on Tuesday.
* The virus has killed more than 51,000 across the world with the largest number of deaths in Italy, then Spain * The first 100,000 cases of the coronavirus were reported in around 55 days and the first 500,000 in 76 days * Cases of the killer illness have doubled to one million within the past eight days and are continuing to increase * Total cases reported by Thursday grew 10 per cent from day earlier, the first time the rate has hit double digits
Global coronavirus cases have soared past one million as the pandemic explodes in the US and the death tolls continue to climb in Italy and Spain, according to a tally by Johns Hopkins University.
The deadly virus has killed more than 51,000 across the world, with the largest number of deaths in Italy, followed by Spain and the US.
The first 100,000 cases were reported in around 55 days, the first 500,000 in 76 days, and they doubled to one million within the past eight days.
The secretary-general appoints a group to help ponder NATO's future.
BRUSSELS — NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg named a panel of 10 experts on Tuesday to help ensure the alliance isn't brain dead.
Stoltenberg had agreed to seek expert advice on NATO's future after French President Emmanuel Macron declared that the alliance was experiencing "brain death" in a controversial interview with The Economist last autumn.
Macron's comments came amid the chaos of two major allies — the U.S. and Turkey — taking unilateral military action in northern Syria, which seemed clear evidence that NATO was fraying at its seams.
Other allies, however, reacted angrily to Macron's remarks, which they regarded as reckless and damaging. U.S. President Donald Trump called Macron's statement "very insulting to a lot of different forces."
No casualties reported following the incident, which happened north of Japan-controlled islets that China also claims.
A Japanese destroyer collided with a Chinese fishing boat in the East China Sea on Monday night but no one was injured or missing, Japan's Defence Ministry said.
The collision caused a hole in the destroyer Shimakaze above its waterline, but it was still able to move on its own, the ministry added.
People walk around an almost empty Grand Central Terminal as the coronavirus disease outbreak continues in New York, March 29, 2020. REUTERS/Eduardo Munoz
More than 3.9 billion people, or half of the world's population, have now been asked or ordered to stay at home by their governments to prevent the spread of the deadly COVID-19 virus.
Data from an AFP database collated compulsory or recommended confinements, curfews and quarantines in more than 90 countries or territories.
Due to the introduction of a curfew in Thailand (effective from Friday), the threshold of 50% of humanity will be reached.
Meanwhile, the number of dead in Spain from coronavirus has now risen above 10,000, according to the latest health authority figures published on Thursday.
WNU Editor: No surprises here .... As world battles virus, governments under fire (AFP). I expect all governments in the world will be criticized for their response. That is a given. And it will be helped by some in the media who report the news with a political bias, and who are taking advantage of the current crisis to push their own agenda. But in the end I think most people understand that this is a unique global crisis impacting billions. And as a long as governments honestly report their efforts to end it while planning how (and when) to re-open their economies in the future, the majority of people now under lock-down will give them a pass.
China ramps up military drills and energy exploitation in contested waterway while US military bogged down in virus crisis at home.
MANILA – With the Covid-19 pandemic mostly contained in China and now wreaking havoc on the United States, security analysts are closely watching Beijing's military moves in the hotly contested South China Sea.
In recent days, China has conducted military drills and deployed large-scale military assets to the maritime area while at the same time officially celebrating strides made in exploiting disputed energy resources in the fossil fuel-rich sea.
While some see China's nationalistic messaging as a bid to rally its people during difficult Covid-19 times, others view the increasingly aggressive naval maneuvers as a bid to exploit America's weakened condition to secure new advantage in the hot spot theater.
Rival Southeast Asian claimants are also in a compromised strategic position as they contend with worsening Covid-19 outbreaks.
WNU Editor: With the entire world now focused on the Covid-19 pandemic, this is the perfect time for China (and other countries) to seize territory and assert their jurisdiction.
The U.S. military began surging forces to the Middle East last summer after Iranian proxies attacked ships in the Persian Gulf.
The aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman is planning to leave the Middle East, marking the end of the first extended use of two carriers in the region in years amid heightened tension with Iran, two defense officials tell POLITICO.
After a rocket attack by Iran-backed Shia militia groups on a base in Iraq killed two U.S. troops in early March, U.S. Central Command chief Gen. Frank McKenzie took the unusual step of keeping two aircraft carrier strike groups in the region: the Truman, which had been scheduled to depart, and the USS Dwight D. Eisenhower.
WNU Editor: There is more than enough U.S. firepower in the Middle East to handle any crisis. But it looks like there has been a decision in the Pentagon to bring back home U.S. forces, a decision that I am sure many families are happy to hear.
* The commanding officer of an aircraft carrier who penned a leaked letter to his leaders had followed military procedures and is not expected to be punished, according to senior Navy officials. * Capt. Brett Crozier of the USS Theodore Roosevelt wrote a letter to Navy leaders on Sunday urging for an "immediate and decisive action" as the crew dealt with a novel coronavirus outbreak. * Navy Secretary Thomas Modly said that if Crozier had leaked the letter, it would "violate the principles of good order and discipline," but added "I don't know that." * "The fact that he wrote the letter to his chain of command to express his concerns would absolutely not result in any kind of retaliation," Modly said.
The commanding officer of a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier who penned a letter to his leaders had followed military procedures and is not expected to face retaliation, according to senior Navy officials.
Capt. Brett Crozier, the commander of the USS Theodore Roosevelt and its roughly 4,800 service members, issued a letter to Navy leaders on Sunday urging for an "immediate and decisive action" as the crew dealt with a novel coronavirus outbreak. Information on the four-page letter and its contents were obtained by The San Francisco Chronicle.
Highways are empty. Planes are grounded. Factories are dark. The unprecedented collapse in oil demand has sent crude crashing to 18-year lows.
Supply, on the other hand, remains largely resilient amid a price war between Saudi Arabia and Russia. US producers don't want to be the first to blink by turning off production.
That could mean a supply glut so epic that the world will soon run out of room to store all the unneeded barrels of oil.
Exactly one week ago, when we highlighted the unprecedented surge in Fed Treasury purchases which since March 19 has amounted to $75BN per day until tomorrow when it tapers modestly to $60BN, we said that the Fed's record ramp in debt monetization "is hardly an accident: one look at the Treasury securities held in custody at the Fed shows that the past two weeks have seen a whopping $50BN in foreign central bank sales, a 1.7% drop which was the highest in six years."
As we also noted, "the selling may have contributed to record volatility in the Treasury market and prompted the Fed's intervention. More importantly, it also means that the biggest buyer of US Treasurys in the past decade, foreign official institutions (i.e., central banks and reserve managers) are now sellers, so now the U.S. government needs private investors to soak up the ever increasing debt issuance."
Sound the foghorn, folks, the PC gaming deals tanker has just pulled into port with a veritable bevy of big, fat, tasty discounts to plunder. Whether you’re after the best prices on this week’s big releases, from 22% off Resident Evil 3 to 19% off Mount And Blade 2: Bannerlord, or want to stock up on sack loads of top indie deals, your deals herald has gathered them altogether into one handy location. So fill yer boots, deals hunters, as this week’s bounty is a real good ‘un. (more…)
After two years on Microsoft’s janky Windows 10 Store, Sea Of Thieves is now officially headed to Steam. Rare last night announced that a Steam release for their multiplayer pirate sandbox is “coming soon”, and yes Steamers will be able to play with pirates on the Microsoft Store as well as Xbox One. I know many grumbled about the gaping lack of things to do when Sea Of Thieves debuted in 2018 but Rare certainly have been busy, adding a whole lot of newness since then. It’s a good time to get onboard.
Below is a list of ‘33 things wot are, or were, white’ (‘things’ is used in its broadest possible sense). Entries have been stripped of vowels and had any inter-word spaces repositioned*. For example, if MOBY DICK was present it might appear as MB YDCK. SNOWDROP would be SNWDRP.
*Hyphens are treated as spaces. Apostrophes are ignored. (more…)
A is for Alphabetised wargame and sim news. Every four weeks or so I hang up a streamer of industrial strength fly paper in The Flare Path water closet and see what wargame and simulation news items stick to it. Below is this month’s bag – 25 stories involving virtual vehicles and surrogate slaughter. If you’ve visited a transport museum or heritage railway in the past twelve months, or can put these battles – Bunker Hill, Bataan, Borodino – in chronological order, you probably won’t regret clicking where it says…
I heard a lovely story from a primatologist once, about how different apes tend to respond when faced with tricky wooden puzzle boxes. Orangutans, apparently, will sit and think for a while when stumped, and then work carefully at a new angle on the problem. Chimps, meanwhile, will typically lose their tempers, smashing the offending puzzle to splinters with their hellish fists. But gorillas – my dear, sweet gorillas – will just get a little bit sad, before ambling off to find some celery to enjoy instead. It’s not that they’re incapable of finding a solution, or that they’re incurious: they’re just not that desperate to know what’s inside the box.
This is one of the many reasons I respect and admire gorillas. It’s also why I had gigantic mixed feelings about gorgeous platformer Stela. Because although it’s as pretty as anything and dripping with atmosphere, it’s opaque enough to make J.J. Abrams’ Lost seem like a childrens’ story about a pig looking at an egg. It’s a beautiful puzzle box with nothing inside it, and spends its entire, wordless length asking questions whose answers never arrive. If I was of a chimpen nature, this post would be nothing but a bared-fangs screech, delivered from a squatting position atop my wardrobe, with shards of smashed PC in my hands. But luckily, I played Stela with a gorilla’s heart*, and so had no urge to winkle the truth from inside it with my big, leathery fingers. Go in with the same mentality, and you’ll find a lot to love here.
Capcom’s shiny new remake of Resident Evil 3 launched this morning, inviting us back to Raccoon City to enjoy the outbreak of zombitis again – now with excellent high-fidelity brands. 1999’s game saw the survival horror take on more of an explosion-y action movie vibe and that’s amplified in 2020’s remake, but it’s still pretty trad and relatively rad.
SSD prices continue to creep ever higher this week, but there are still some great SSD deals going if you know where to look, such as this here best SSD deals page that has all the best SSD discounts from the last seven days. As per usual, I’ve scoured the internet for all the best SSD deals going on right now, making it easy to find the best SSD at the best price. All of my [cms-block] recommendations are in here, and I’ve also included a range of size capacities and form factors. From all the best deals on SATA SSDs to the biggest savings on today’s super fast NVMe SSDs and portable SSDs, here are the best SSD deals of the week.
I’m a sucker for wizard schools, especially when they look this pretty. Witchbrook is an upcoming Stardew Valley meets Harry Potter life sim, and developers Chucklefish have released several new screens that show off its new look. They’ve transfigured nice but simple art into the lushness above.
Yes. This looks like a good place to pretend to be a magic teenager.
At first, I took the map in Call Of Duty: Warzone for granted. The blistering forward march of techno-wizadry had inured me to its impact, and I jumped out of the spawning plane with my eyes glazed over. Of course the latest COD’s playground is bigger and more detailed than any other battle royale’s, I thought. How could it be otherwise.
My eyes are open now, though. Verdansk is vast, and should be appreciated.
You could just buy weapons from traders in Mount And Blade 2 Bannerlord, but why would you do that when you can make your own? You’ll need to set things up first, such as getting some hardwood to refine into charcoal, as well as plenty of loot from fallen enemies to learn weapon parts, but with our help, you’ll soon be making wonderfully powerful weapons to massacre your foes with.
As the coronavirus pandemic rages on, the window to nab yourself one of today’s best graphics card deals is slowly closing. Indeed, prices have shot up in the UK in response to falling stock levels, which means many Nvidia graphics card deals aren’t really very good deals any more. There are still loads of great AMD graphics card deals going on though, and you’ll find all the best prices for today’s [cms-block]s below.
As always, I’ve rounded up the best graphics card deals from the last week in one easy place, along with running commentary on how much they’ve gone up or down in price since last week, and whether it’s worth spending your hard-earned money on. It’s a rough old time out there at the moment, so let me help you get the best graphics card deal on your new GPU. Regardless of whether you’re upgrading your PC or building a new PC from scratch, here are the best graphics card deals about this week.
The human race evolved the facial expression known as the “smile” because we needed a way to silently communicate satisfaction to other members of our species. So we decided to bare our teeth at one another and squint. This stuck, and now even the characters of your favourite digital storyderby are doing it. It’s sort of disgusting, and yet… you know what, I like it. Here are the 11 best smiles in PC games.
SPAIN has recorded a further 932 new deaths from coronavirus to send the death toll soaring close to 11,000 in the latest horrifying update from the crisis-hit country as theCOVID-19 outbreak spirals out of control.
A FRESH coronvirus outbreak in China's Henan province has raised fears of a devastating second COVID-19 wave - despite the ruling Chinese Communist Party's attempts to claim the country is winning the battle against the disease.
HURRICANE SEASON is nearly upon us, bringing months of severe weather, named storm systems and for some areas intense damage. Now one forecast shows three anomaly areas which will majorly impact weather for the next six months.
HEALTH experts have rejected claims by North Korea that the country is totally free of the coronavirus - with one claiming despot Kim Jong-un is paranoid his weakened hermit state could be invaded.
DONALD Trump has risked handing Russian leader Vladimir Putin a significant propaganda victory after Moscow sent a planeload of medical supplies to the United States, an expert has warned, with the US President describing the move as a "nice gesture".
The Centre is likely to expand its testing strategy for Covid-19 to allow use of rapid antibody tests in symptomatic cases in 'hotspot' areas though these results will need to be confirmed by an RT-PCR test using throat or nasal swab to detect the presence of genetic material of the coronavirus. Meanwhile, state health minister Rajesh Tope said that Maharashtra had sought permission from the Centre to carry out both the diagnostic test and screening test simultaneously to get a correct picture of the virus's spread in the state. He added that the five-minute blood tests would cost a few hundred rupees.The rapid tests will be conducted on symptomatic cases and even those testing negative in antibody tests will be home quarantined, official sources said. The effort is to contain hotspots that can become centres of transmission of the disease, a task that has become even more urgent in the wake of migrant workers reaching homes in certain areas that have been tagged as high-risk zones.Though a final decision on this is expected by Friday morning, the ICMR issued an interim advisory on Thursday on the use of the rapid antibody test, also known as serology test. "The empowered group has taken a decision that testing needs to be expanded. ICMR is working out the modalities and a final decision will be taken by tomorrow," an official said. He added that even those with 'milder symtoms' in identified hotspots will be tested under the new protocol.ICMR chief epidemiologist Dr RR Gangakhedkar said at the regular government briefing on Thursday that the testing protocol is being reviewed in the light of some new tests and a decision will be taken by Friday morning.The health ministry's surveillance department along with state governments have identified 61hotspots with large number of cases and 10 high-risk zones with fewer cases but higher density of people. Sources said the rollout of the new testing norms will depend on availability of testing kits which are expected to be available shortly. "ICMR has ordered around a million serology testing kits from China and South Korea. They will arrive any time but whether that is going to be enough is a question. The final decision depends on who do we want to test given the limited availability of testing kits," another senior official said.
Bengaluru | Mumbai: India's giant IT services companies will see a significant slowdown in growth during this financial year as they grapple with the upheaval wrought by the Covid-19 pandemic, according to analysts. Top software exporters – Tata Consultancy Services, Infosys and HCL Technologies — will be impacted by the reduced technology spending by clients in the US and Europe following lockdowns across the globe, experts said. Brokerage HDFC securities expects revenue of the IT sector to reduce by 2-7% due to a slowdown in decision making in the next six months while businesses evaluate the impact of the virus that is disrupting the global economy."We expect revenue in the (first two quarters of this financial year) to be largely impacted by delay in pipeline conversion and pricing impact on core business," wrote analysts Apurva Prasad, Amit Chandra and Vinesh Vala in a note. 74959052India's software and services exports grew 8.1% to $147 billion in fiscal year 2020, according to the National Association of Software and Services Companies."In the near future, IT companies could feel the heat of pricing pressure, revenue loss due to lockdown (in India and many countries globally), client bankruptcy and slower client decision making led by lower discretionary spends," wrote Devang Bhatt at brokerage ICICI Direct.Indian IT firms are expected to follow Accenture, which lowered its growth forecast to 3-6% from 6-8% due to business impact from the Covid-19 impact.Travel Restrictions Delaying Project ExecutionInfosys and HCL Technologies, the second and third largest IT services firm, give annual forecasts, while Wipro gives revenue guidance for a quarter. These firms are yet to announce dates for their quarterly results. Typically, Indian IT firms such as TCS and Infosys kick off the results calendar in the second week of April.Queries sent to TCS, Infosys and Wipro did not elicit responses until press time Global travel restrictions are already delaying the execution of existing projects and hurting the ability of IT companies to ramp up projects and close deals, as crisis-hit clients delay allocation of funds. Further, pricing pressure will lead to lower deal wins and renewal, experts said.Manik Taneja, analyst with brokerage Emkay Global, while moderating expectations by factoring a weak first half, said that it is "difficult to assess the extent of damage due to the fastevolving situation."In recent weeks, Indian firms have already faced cancellations of projects by clients across sectors due to the reduction in air travel and closing of cities and countries to embrace social distancing to tackle the pandemic.Goldman Sachs last week said that the spread of Coronavirus has pushed the global economy into a recession of historic proportions, with China and India being the exception in GDP growth.Clients from industries such as travel, hospitality, airlines, retail, hi-tech, oil & gas, financial services, and manufacturing are the most affected by the Coronavirus, according to analysts. They also believe that Indian IT could see an indirect impact from China's economic slowdown.
The World Bank's Board of Executive Directors has approved a fast-track $1 billion India COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health Systems Preparedness Project to help India prevent, detect, and respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and strengthen its public health preparedness. This is the largest ever health sector support from the Bank to India.This new support will cover all states and Union Territories across India and address the needs of infected people, at-risk populations, medical and emergency personnel and service providers, medical and testing facilities, and national and animal health agencies."The project will immediately enable the Government of India (GOI) to scale-up efforts to limit human-to-human transmission, including reducing local transmission of cases and containing the epidemic from progressing further. In parallel, interventions to strengthen the health system will be rolled out to improve the country's capacity to respond to the COVID-19 epidemic and be better prepared to respond to emerging disease outbreaks, including transmission between humans and animals," a World Bank statement said on Friday. Procurement of testing kits; setting up of new isolation wards — including turning hospital beds into intensive care unit beds; infection prevention and control; and purchase of personal protective equipment, ventilators, and medicines, particularly in district hospitals and designated infectious disease hospitals will be scaled up under the project, it said.
How quickly the world is able to get rid of the Covid-19 pandemic may hinge on one crucial factor — how well an infected person's immune system remembers SARS-CoV-2, the virus behind the disease, after they've been cured.While no one in any community seems to be immune to the Covid virus, people over the age of 60, particularly the ones with other medical conditions, seem to be more prone to severe versions of the illness, Andrew Pekosz of Johns Hopkins University has said.There has been no concrete study on human immunity to the novel coronavirus so far. But studies of other coronaviruses have led researchers to believe that people who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection will be protected from re-infection for a period of time, a Nature Magazine report said.How does your immune system work?When a virus attacks the body, the immune system churns out a variety of antibodies that recognize specific features of the bug and mount repeated attacks until it is purged from the body.Though the antibodies dwindle after a disease is resolved, the immune system can repeat a similar attack if the same pathogen is encountered again, often quashing the new infection before it causes severe symptoms.How long can a body remain immune to a virus?To the immune system, some pathogens are unforgettable. One brush with the virus, like those that cause chickenpox or polio, is usually enough to protect a person for life.Other microbes, however, don't have such long-lasting effects. This applies to the four coronaviruses that cause a subset of common cold cases, among which the Covid-19 is one. Immunity against these viruses seems to wane in a matter of months or a couple of years, which is why people get colds so frequently.Where do vaccines play a role?In the body's natural fight against viruses, vaccines safely simulate the process by exposing the body to harmless versions of a germ, teaching the immune system to identify it without the need to endure the potentially grueling disease.
By Lijee PhilipIndian companies are rethinking their employee-wellness strategies and customising programs to accommodate the tectonic change in people's habits after a prolonged phase of working from home due to the Covid-19 lockdown and expect it will manifest in cultural shifts and personal choices, experts said.Indian companies are advising employees to adopt simple health measures during this prolonged shutdown to be physically and mentally upbeat. The two main tenets companies are focussing on are diet and workout, while requesting inhouse doctors and nutritionists to chalk out a weekly meal and workout plan that can be easily monitored.This is imperative as most employees are experiencing a prolonged work-from-home for the first time, which is causing behavioural and attitudinal change, experts said.Clinical psychologists said that at this time, it is not advisable to earmark difficult initiatives for employees at home, especially as the strain of sitting at one place sans interaction with teams and colleagues could be demotivating. Calls and video conferences have only a limited role in uplifting the morale while working from home, opine experts."We are launching a series of activities for the wellbeing of our employees which would involve interactive sessions with a nutritionist as well as an exercise regime. A webinar on emotional hygiene is being done as employees work from home", says Rajeshwar Tripathi, CHRO at Mahindra."Employees not only need to be mentally healthy but also need to engage in meditation/yoga to remain agile. A session this week with a clinical psychologist is planned to help keep mental peace when working from home", adds Tripathi. The auto major is also tying up with external agencies for tips on indoor exercises as they feel despite it being just a few days into the lockdown, it can start taking a toll on employees, sooner than later."This episode will leave a huge impact on consumer behaviour towards health, food and nutrition. Many employees are stirred by the magnitude of this pandemic. Consumer habits will change forever," said Rashida Vapiwala, an independent nutritionist who consults with corporates. She adds that health of employees will need to be taken seriously and not put on the back burner. "Prioritise health just as we prioritise our finances and financial security," adds Vapiwala.Some health tips include planning regular and small meals that keep employees energised, especially in a 'homely' environment. It is important to work on building immunity that comes with fresh fruits, vegetables and nuts. A daily dose of Vitamin D from sunlight and not indulging in binge eating is also a must, corporate doctors said, and maintain that the immune system is the first line of defence that needs to be fortified at such times."Globally, we have rolled out a 'telemedicine program' to help our employees and their families with questions about their physical and mental health. They are also encouraged to seek confidential support from counsellors via phone using the J&J employee assistance program (EAP). Maintaining focus on their physical wellbeing is also important – we have digital mindfulness tools, virtual fitness sessions, home workout apps, access to health experts and regular knowledge-sharing to ensure they stay motivated, healthy and mindful", says Emrana Sheikh, head of HR , India & South Asia, Johnson & Johnson.Venu Srinivasan, chairman of TVS Motors concurs. "Not only is the health of employees monitored regularly, but a battery of doctors are constantly looking at their wellbeing. The employees can order medicines at homes and are given access to health experts to remain fit and healthy."
New Delhi: Bajaj Auto on Friday reported 38 per cent decline in total sales to 2,42,57 units in March as against 3,93,351 in the same month last year. Total domestic sales fell 55 per cent to 1,16,541 units last month as compared to 2,59,185 units in March 2019, Bajaj Auto said in a statement. The company further said its total two-wheeler sales were down 35 per cent at 2,10,976 units as compared to 3,23,538 units in the year-ago month. Domestic two-wheeler sales were at 98,412 units last month as against 2,20,213 units in March 2019, a decline of 55 per cent, it added. For the 2019-20, the two-wheeler maker reported 8 per cent dip in sales at 46,15,212 units as compared to 50,19,503 units in 2018-19.
By Rahul Satija, Kartik Goyal and Ronojoy MazumdarIndia's checkered history with foreign investors is making one of the biggest emerging markets look particularly vulnerable at a time when its need for overseas funding has never been clearer.Decades of semi-socialist, self-reliance based policies following independence left a legacy of ambivalence, or even skepticism, towards overseas capital. As recently as last year, plans for an inaugural offshore sovereign bond provoked a wave of controversy.That could all change now that India faces a sharp economic slowdown and a rapid expansion in borrowing needs, as it contines to struggle with a lingering shadow banking crisis. And how the government handles the coronavirus could prove influential in determining India's appeal once the current global market turmoil subsides. 74961602"India's response to the pandemic will play an important part in determining its ability to attract foreign capital," said Marcelo Assalin, head of emerging markets debt at fund manager William Blair. "If India's policy makers demonstrate its ability to both contain the outbreak and manage the socio-economic implications of doing so, foreign investors would be interested in investing in India long-term."For now, India is suffering from capital flight, along with emerging markets everywhere. About $15 billion left the country's stocks and bonds in March, the most in emerging Asia, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. India's rupee slid 5.5% in the first quarter, contributing to a 33% loss for the benchmark stock index in dollar terms.China -- which has been assiduously courting foreign investors for years and overhauling its market regulations to address their concerns -- by contrast has outperformed the rest of the world during the coronavirus crisis. Standard Chartered Plc analysts estimate China saw almost $30 billion of inflows in January and February, though March is likely to have seen an outflow.India's history shows that it can take a crisis to spur opening up. Back in the early 1990s, the country let foreign investors into its stock market and cut restrictions on overseas companies after a major debt-default scare.Prime Minister Narendra Modi's administration has been emulating some of the steps China has taken. The central bank recently announced a widening in access for foreign investors buying government bonds. And it's seeking inclusion for Indian debt into global indexes. The government last year canceled a surcharge on foreign investment in Indian stocks.India's coronavirus response is top of mind for investors both domestic and overseas. A three-week lockdown -- the world's biggest -- runs up against the difficulties of containing more than 1 billion people, while the country's rickety healthcare system is ill-prepared for a mass emergency.The country has so far identified at least 1,998 coronavirus cases and 58 deaths, according to data compiled by the Baltimore-based Johns Hopkins University. But with barely 48,000 tests conducted in a nation of 1.3 billion people, virology experts say the true rate of infection could be much higher."India will find it more difficult to cope with the epidemic and its economic impact" given its less-developed infrastructure, said Sebastien Barbe, head of emerging markets research at Credit Agricole CIB. "So the way this is handled by the authorities will be crucial, and should count on the medium to long term perception of India by investors."The following is a look at how India's markets have been performing, and thoughts from participants about the outlook.Equities 74961614India's stock market just capped its worst quarter on record, with the Sensex index sliding 29%."Global investors will be watchful for the length of the lockdown to assess the impact of the lockdown on corporate earnings growth," said Rajat Agarwal, an Asia equity strategist at Societe Generale. "The valuations are now turning attractive on both relative and absolute levels after a very sharp correction."Exchange Rate 74961624The Indian currency tumbled to a record low of 76.275 per dollar on March 23. The median forecast among analysts surveyed by Bloomberg is for the rupee to rebound to 72.1 by year-end. Officials last week moved to address an enduring -- even widening -- segmentation between domestic and offshore currency trading by allowing Indian banks to trade abroad."This is a positive move that will add liquidity to offshore markets and therefore reduce volatility," JPMorgan Chase & Co. analysts Sajjid Chinoy and Toshi Jain wrote in a recent note to clients.Sovereign Bonds 74961644Ten-year government bond yields hit decade lows after the Reserve Bank of India reduced interest rates and announced a $50 billion liquidity infusion last month. RBI watchers have now focused on the potential for asset-purchase programs akin to those at counterparts abroad.Yields may soon test 5.75%, according to traders. Some market participants warn that expanded financing needs could at some point put pressure on the market, however. Former RBI Governor Chakravarthy Rangarajan expects the central bank to buy sovereign bonds directly if the government has to boost spending against the coronavirus.Corporate Bonds 74961647Spreads on India's top-rated three-year corporate bonds more than doubled in the the three months ended March. With the central bank injecting liquidity, those might come down over time, analysts say. But watch for increasing differentiation between stronger and weaker borrowers."The divide between the haves and the have-nots will still continue to remain for some more time," said Lakshmi Iyer, chief investment officer at Kotak Mahindra Asset Management Ltd. "Capital markets will not be able to support the have-nots," she said.
BENGALURU: The Indian rupee will probably cut some of its losses against the dollar in the next year, according to strategists polled by Reuters, but it's likely to stay weak with other emerging-market currencies until the coronavirus pandemic subsides. The rupee's path will largely depend on how successful the Indian government's steps are in containing the spread of COVID-19 in a country of more than 1.3 billion people, the second-most-populous in the world. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has ordered a 21-day national lockdown, which began on March 25. But the government's fiscal response so far has been modest compared with other countries: 1.7 trillion rupees ($22.3 billion) in direct cash transfers and food security measures. "There is further INR weakness in store before it eventually stabilizes as global calm returns once (the) COVID-19 impact peaks and global coordinated policy measures start to kick into growth, which is at a multi-year low in India," said Madhavi Arora, lead economist, FX and rates at Edelweiss Securities. After giving up over 7% since the start of the year, the rupee fell to a record low of 76.42 to the dollar on Wednesday. The Reuters poll of market strategists and analysts taken March 30-April 2 predicted the rupee would strengthen 3.1% to 74.00 per U.S. dollar in a year from 76.39 on Thursday, based on the median forecast. Forecasts ranged from 71.50 to 80.00, implying a 6.4% rise to a 4.7% decline. The latest outlook matches a wider poll of strategists, who forecast EM currencies would make up some lost ground. Most expect the U.S. dollar's strength to remain intact over the next three months. The rupee is forecast to trade at 75.55 and 76.00 per dollar by the end of April and mid-year, respectively. Those forecasts were also in a relatively wide range, 72.45 to 79.00. Of the 39 respondents polled, 17 still expected the rupee to depreciate beyond its recent record low at some point over the next year. That may be partly because India's economy was already slowing before the coronavirus spread into a global pandemic. It grew just 4.7% in the three months to the end of December from a year earlier, the slowest expansion in over six years. Growth is forecast to slow to 4% in the quarter just ended and then to half that rate, 2%, in the current one. The Reserve Bank of India cut interest rates on March 27 by 75 basis points, its biggest cut since 2009, during the global financial crisis, to 4.40%. That followed 135 basis points of cuts in 2019. In addition, the RBI announced targeted long-term refinancing operations to ensure market liquidity. Some strategists said the RBI's interventions prevented the rupee from falling further. "The RBI may continue to step in to prevent excessive INR depreciation but is unlikely to alter the currency's inherent trend immediately. We will end up flowing with the emerging-markets space in the current mayhem," said Edelweiss Securities' Arora.
New Delhi: Smartphone industry in India could take a USD 2 billion hit on account of the coronavirus pandemic as shipments declined significantly in the months of March and April compared to the previous year, according to Counterpoint Research. Noting that the effect of the pandemic on India was relatively mild until mid-March, Counterpoint Research said the outbreak is spreading pan-India and the country has been put under a lockdown. This is expected to result in a decline of 3 per cent in smartphone shipment in 2020 to 153 million units compared to 158 million units last year, it said. "We are estimating a year-on-year decline of 27 per cent in March shipments, and almost 60 per cent for April assuming lockdown will be until April 14. This translates into a revenue loss of about USD 2 billion for the industry till the lockdown period," Counterpoint Research Associate Director Tarun Pathak told . Pathak further said that if the lockdown extends, the loss will be higher and could affect "the entire supply chain and the channels in terms of revenue, payments as well." Moreover, consumer demand is also expected to get an adverse impact as people focus on saving and therefore, limit discretionary purchases for sometime, he noted. The first quarter of the year had seen smartphone makers struggle on account of component supply being disrupted in China following the coronavirus outbreak. The outbreak, whose epicentre was in Wuhan, in China, has spread across the world and claimed thousands of lives. With increasing number of people testing positive in India for the infection, the government announced a nationwide lockdown on March 24 - halting everything including transportation and manufacturing activities. Pathak said demand for smartphones is expected to shift to the second half of the year. "Even if the situation stabilises by mid-year, people may hold their purchase until the festive season," he said. Online sales have taken a major hit as smartphones did not feature in the "essential" category that has been allowed to be delivered by e-commerce route. Once the situation returns to normal, one can expect a strong online activity as these channels will look to wooing buyers with offers. "Handset makers will also look to provide attractive promotions with extended pay out returns, sell-out support, attractive interest rates to offline players and at the same time, try to make stocks available quickly to online and leveraged more to fill the huge gap left if situation is under control soon," Pathak explained. As far as production is concerned, both domestic and exports will have almost full 20 days of impact. "Factories with their export base in India are likely to be impacted more," Pathak said. However, factories are likely to refrain from any layoffs during these times as they would want to step up production as soon as the situation improves, he added.
Mumbai: At least four multinational manufacturers of Covid-19 test kits are gearing up to supply more than a million diagnostic kits to India, as the country looks to ramp up testing for the novel coronavirus. The US-based Thermo Fisher Scientific, Germany's Siemens and Altona, and South Korea's Seegene are all expected to start supplying Covid-19 test kits this week, people aware of the development told ET. Siemens said it will make nearly 100,000 tests available in India as early as Friday. In the first lot, it will provide 30,000-40,000 tests to Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for free testing under Siemens Fight Covid-19 initiative, a company spokesperson told ET.So far India's testing numbers is low compared to many other countries including South Korea, the US and United Kingdom. The government's efforts to scale it up by allowing 51 private labs to do the test hit a roadblock due to limited availability of kits for the RT-PCR tests. Thermo Fisher has also said it is working closely with the Indian government as well as private testing laboratories to support scale up testing. The company said it has ramped up its efforts to produce these reagents to cater to the growing requirement of conducting more tests as situation evolves.Seegene is expected to start supply of about one million kits to India by end of this week, said a person working to bring the South Korean firm's Covid-19 test kits to the country. "There were earlier issues with cargo movement, but we have sorted that and now hoping to bring our first batch of kits in next few days," the person said on condition of anonymity.
Mumbai | New Delhi: Covid-19 forced work-from-home on companies. WFH may stay even after the pandemic scare fades. HR heads of major companies say WFH is a "trial run on a big scale" and a "silver lining in the whole calamity". Employers and employees benefit from WFH even in normal times, they say.For employees, benefits include saving on commute and more flexibility when it comes to work-life balance. For employers, the pluses are establishment cost-saving and enhanced productivity.HR heads from a dozen leading corporations including Axis Bank, Bank of Baroda, RPG Group, Vedanta, EY, Cognizant, Titan, Deloitte, Whirlpool, Paytm, Saint-Gobain India, among others, said that virtual workplaces are the future of work."Work-from-home is here to stay," said Rajkamal Vempati, executive vice president & head - human resources, Axis Bank. For a bank, functions such as customer service roles, phone banking, HR, corporate office functions, which do not require meeting customers, could be the ones to be first considered for remote working. "Nearly 20-30% of the people can work virtually going ahead," says Vempati.Joydeep Dutta Roy, head, strategic HR and HR integration at Bank of Baroda, and Sandeep Kohli, partner and talent leader at EY India, see WFH as a factor in increasing ease of doing business and cutting costs.Over the last couple of weeks, companies have been in a fire-fighting mode to put the IT backend in place, which has been the most significant bottleneck so far in embracing virtual workplace."WFH is poised to become an increasingly acceptable norm as we have seen in many countries," says Ramkumar Ramamoorthy, chairman, Cognizant India. "Any company that would have shied away from it earlier, would not have a problem now with the IT infrastructure being put in place," said Azfar Hussain, group head - organization & talent development at diversified conglomerate RPG. HR heads also say arrangements such as hot-desking will become more common, bringing down establishment costs.
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Zilla Parishad Maharashtra Admit Card 2020 | Junior Engineer, Health Worker & others – The Zilla Parishad Maharashtra council is responsible for ZP Hall Ticket 2020. The board has released the recruitment notification for Junior Engineer, Health Worker, Civil Engineer Assistant, Gramsevak & various other posts for the 13521 vacancies. So the applied aspirants are eagerly waiting to the Zilla Parishad Maharashtra Hall Ticket.
Zilla Parishad Maharashtra Admit Card 2020
The ZP Parishad council will release the Admit Card on its official website @mahapariksha.gov.in. Therefore the board has planned to release the Zilla Parishad Maharashtra Admit Card in 3rd Week of April 2020 and exam will be conducted after one week of Admit Card date. So through the below-given link applied aspirants can easily download the ZP Parishad Maharashtra Hall Ticket. Only the candidates who hold the ZP Maharashtra Admit Card are allowed to entire the Zilla Parishad Exam.
Zilla Parishad Maharashtra Admit Card – Overview
Description
Details
Name of the Board
Zilla Parishad Maharashtra
Name of the Posts
Livestock Supervisor, Civil Engineer Assistant, Contractual Gramsevak, Pharmacist, Laboratory Technician, Health Worker, Extension Officer, Junior Engineer, Health Supervisor, Sr. Assistant and Others
Important Details in Zilla Parishad Maharashtra Hall Ticket
The ZP Maharashtra Hall Ticket is the important document for the exam. It contains complete details of the candidate & Exam. So the candidates need to check and ensure the below-given details should be presented on the Admit Card.
Student Name
The venue of the Exam Centre
Date & Time of the Test
Reporting Time to the Exam Hall
Gender (Male/ Female)
Roll Number
Duration of the Test
Space for Invigilator's Signature
Registration Number
Name of the Test Centre
Space for Applicant's Signature
Name of the Exam Conducting Board
Photograph of the Student
Applicant's Date of Birth
Name of the exam
Important Guidelines for the Exam Takers
Full Name of the Applicant
Examination Centre Code
Signature of the Board Counselor
Documents to be carried along with Zilla Parishad Maharashtra Admit Card
As per the govt update, to write any government exam candidates must carry the anyone of the Original Govt ID Proof along with their hall ticket. It helps to avoid the duplications at the doorstep. The candidates who failed to carry the mentioned important documents are not allowed to entire the exam hall.
Aadhar Card
Voters ID
Driving License
Passport
College/School Identity Card
Pan Card
How to Download the ZP Maharashtra Admit Card 2020?
To download the Maharashtra Zilla Parishad Admit Card, the applicant needs to provide the required details such application number, date of birth. Candidates can also follow the below-given steps to download the admit card.
Click the below-given link
Find the Admit Card with the post name
Give the required details appeared on the screen
Check and ensure the presented details are correct
Download the Admit Card from the site
Take enough prints of the Admit Card
Carry for your ZP Parishad Exam along with Original ID Proof.
Note: The candidates who are going to write the exam need to reach the exam centre before 3o mins of the exam. it will help the supervisor to check details of the candidates and exam.
Important links of ZP Maharashtra Admit Card 2020
Zill Parishad Maharashtra Admit Card
Download Here (Link activated after 3rd week of April 2020)
RPSC Syllabus 2020PDF is available here at free of cost. Interested candidates who are seeking for the RPSC Syllabus can download it here. We have given the complete details of the RPSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf and Exam Pattern on this page. Download the topics mentioned in the Rajasthan PSC Syllabus and Test Pattern to get an idea about the exam. Also, we have provided the detailed Rajasthan PSC Syllabus and Exam Pattern here. Hence, read the below section to be aware of the Rajasthan Public Service Commission Syllabus 2020. Interested Candidates can apply here at RPSC Recruitment 2020.
Candidates also follow the RPSC Previous Papers Link to get the detailed information of RPSC. It is a great chance for the contenders to collect all the necessary information and prepare for the exams well. To stay updated with every information related to RPSC here and grab the opportunity before its too late.
RPSC School Lecturer Syllabus
RPSC Syllabus is available here to download. Candidates who are appearing for the RPSC Entrance Exam and searching for the Exam Details & Syllabus can get the information regarding Rajasthan PSC Exam for School Lecturer Posts here. We have updated the RPSC Syllabus Details for the reference of the applicants. Also, the applicants can check the RPSC Exam Pattern from the below section.
It is the ideal place to know about the exam pattern and syllabus for the RPSC Exam 2020. Check the RPSC Syllabus & Exam Pattern Details here and get ready well to take part in the entrance test. For the reference of better preparation, we provided the Syllabus topics along with the exam pattern here. With the provided Rajasthan PSC Syllabus & Exam Pattern, you can score good marks in the Examination. So go through the given exam details regarding RPSC Recruitment.
In the section below, the RPSC School Lecturer Exam pattern has been given in detail. An exam will be conducted by the RPSC officials. The questions will be based on Hindi, English, General Knowledge, Grammar, Common Grammar, Literature and History. The details have been given below for all the aspirants. You can also download the RPSC Syllabus pdf for free from below.
Category
Subject Name
Objective Type
Hindi
English
General Knowledge
Grammar
Common Grammar
Literature
History
Rajasthan Public Service Commission Exam Syllabus
Check the RPSC Syllabus topics listed here. We have provided the syllabus for the School Lecturer Posts Exam. Syllabus details given below are for reference use only. The Rajasthan Public Service Commission Exam Syllabus & Exam Pattern will help you to score good marks in the Examination. Before going to attend the Examination check the given details to get an idea of the Examination. The candidates are recommended to follow the syllabus to prepare for the exams. DOWNLOAD RPSC SYLLABUS HERE
RPSC Second Grade Librarian Syllabus 2020
Rajasthan PSC Librarian Exam Syllabus Details are provided here. So the candidates who have applied for the RPSC Librarian Recruitment should start your preparation for the written exam which is going to happen in the following months. Check with the exam pattern initially and then plan for the preparation. For the reference of candidates, we have provided the link to download the RPSC Syllabus Pdf.
RPSC Syllabus – This section will be helpful for the candidates for the people who are searching for the Rajasthan PSC Exam Syllabus for the Veterinary Officer Exam 2020. RPSC Exam Board has decided to direct the written examination on the date 29th April 2020. So the aspirants who have applied for the RPSC Veterinary officer Recruitment & not started with your exam preparation, have an insight at this section to begin your preparation.
Candidates who have applied for RPSC Assistant Professor/ Demonstrator Recruitment 2020 get the syllabus pdf & exam pattern from the following page. In this section, we have furnished the direct link to download the RPSC Demonstrator Syllabus Pdf. With the help of the below-given syllabus details, applicants can understand the topics required for the exam preparation.
Rajasthan Public Service Commission Exam Syllabus Details
Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC) has released a recruitment notification for School Lecturer posts for many subjects Teachers in Rajasthan. The candidates who have applied for RPSC Recruitment 2020 of 1st Grade Lecturer post can check the RPSC 1st Grade Lecturer syllabus pdf given in our article to start preparing for the exam. For, much more details like exam pattern, exam date, and previous papers go through the further article.
Candidates who have applied for the RPSC Assistant Officer Recruitment and looking for the RPSC Exam Syllabus & Exam Pattern Details can find the information you are in need regarding the Written exam for Rajasthan Agriculture Officer Recruitment. Scroll down the page to know about the subjects of RPSC Agriculture Officer Recruitment & download the Syllabus Pdf given below to get the detailed subject wise topics.
Prominent Personality – Maharaja Man Singh-first of Jaipur, Sawai Jai Singh, Maharaja of Bikaner Ganga Singh, Veer Durga Das, Maharaja Jaswant Singh, Rao Jodha, Rao Maldev, Maharana Pratap, etc.
Women – Men's Clothing & Jewelry
Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Business Terminology
History of Rajasthan – Civilizations
Major Folk Festivals, Festivals
Religious, historical and tourist places
A folk tale, folk songs and dances, proverbs, folk theater, Folk music, and puppetry
Different Castes – People
Painting & Handicrafts
Agriculture:
Agro-climatic zones of Rajasthan
Soil classification
Role of farm forestry
Olericulture
Essential plant nutrients
Importance of livestock and poultry in the Indian economy
Pomology
Philosophy and principles of extension education rural social institutions
Are you searching for the RPSC Syllabus of Agriculture Research Officer? Surely you will get the syllabus & exam pattern details from this page. In the below section details about the RPSC ARO Exam 2020 are furnished. Aspirants have no need to search further to know about the exam pattern, syllabus, topics to be prepared & exam date details. Because pieces of information you are in need regarding RPSC Agriculture Research Officer Exam 2020 is loaded in this article.
Overview of Rajasthan Agriculture Research Officer Syllabus 2020
Rajasthan JLO Syllabus 2020 – Rajasthan Public Service Commission has planned for JLO Exam. Aspirants who have applied for RPSC JLO Recruitment and searching for the Syllabus to start your preparation use this section. Here we have given the RPSC JLO Exam Pattern & Syllabus details. You can download the RPSC JLO Exam Syllabus Pdf given in our article to start preparing for the exam.
Constitution of India with special emphasis on Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and enforcement of rights through writs, Functioning of High Court and Supreme Court and attorney general.
150
50
3 hours (150 Minutes)
Civil Procedure Code and Criminal, Procedure Code. Provisions required to be referred generally in Government Office will be given importance.
150
50
Evidence Act, Limitation Act, Interpretation of Statutes, drafting, and conveyancing.
150
50
Hindi
75
25
English
75
25
Total
600
200
Selection Procedure:
Competitors must face the following selection rounds:
RPSC had released a notification to fill various Assistant Engineer posts. Since RPSC AE Prelims Exam is already over, candidates who are selected in the exam need to prepare well for the Mains exam beforehand. For this purpose, here we have given RPSC Assistant Engineer Mains Syllabus 2020 along with the Exam Pattern. Therefore, applicants stay tuned to our page recruitment.guru to know more about RPSC Exam Date, Syllabus, Selection Process, etc.
Here we have updated the latest exam pattern for Assistant Engineer Combined Competitive Exam. The RPSC competitive exam consists of 2 stages i.e Prelims and Mains. Since the Prelims exam is over, here we are giving the exam pattern of Mains Examination. Check the details carefully and start preparing for the exams using RPSC AEN Previous Papers by clicking on the link given in the below section of the article.
RPSC Assistant Engineer Mains Exam Pattern 2020
Papers
Name of the Subject
Number of Marks
Paper-I
Hindi
100
Paper-II
Social aspects of Engineering
100
Paper-III
Optional subject (2 Papers)
200 (for each Paper)
Paper-IV
Optional Subject (2 Papers)
200 (for each Paper)
The Main Exam consists of Conventional types of questions.
Paper-I & II are compulsory subjects.
Paper-III & IV are optional subjects (Each subject consists of 2 papers).
Rajasthan Public Service Commission released a recruitment notification for various Food Safety Officer posts. Candidates who are all interested in this post have already applied for the exam. Now, waiting for the exam date to get released. Thus, prepare for the exam as soon as possible by checking RPSC FSO Syllabus 2020 and the Exam Pattern before starting to prepare for the exam to understand the structure of the exam.
Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection
Bifurcation of Rajasthan and its Administrative, Economic, Social
Cultural, Political, and legal implications/problems
General Science
Economic development in India since independence.
Geography of India with a focus on Rajasthan.
Social-economic & political history of modern India
Events of national and international importance.
Current affairs- international, national and regional.
Indian polity governance: constitutional issues
Public policy, reforms & e-governance initiatives
Reasoning Ability
Seating Arrangement: Circular table as well as Line (North and South).
Puzzle.
Blood Relations.
Number series.
Inequality or Decision Making.
Data Sufficiency.
Statement and Argument.
Passage and conclusion.
Coding and decoding.
Syllogism.
Order and ranking.
Besides, Making judgments.
Logical Reasoning.
Input-Output.
Intelligence Ability
Assertion and Reason
Logical Sequence of Words
Sequential Output Tracing
Direction Sense Test
Analogy
Classification
Number, Ranking & Time Sequence Test
Logic
Miscellaneous Logical Puzzles
Mirror Images
Water Images
Mathematical Operations
Data Sufficiency
Alphabet Test
Blood Relations
Miscellaneous
Situation Reaction Test
Verification of Truth of the Statement
Analytical Reasoning
Puzzle Test
Decision Making
Arithmetical Reasoning
Inserting the Missing Character
Embedded Figures
Series completion
Coding-Decoding
Logical Venn diagrams
RPSC Fisheries Development Officers Syllabus 2020 PDF
RPSC Syllabus 2020: Hello Folks !!! The Rajasthan Public Service Commission will plan the Fisheries Development Officers position Written Examinationto recruit the candidates. Here, we provided the RPSC Fisheries Development Officers Syllabus 2020 on this page for the convenience of the aspirants. To get qualify in the Rajasthan PSC Fisheries Development Officers' examination you have to collect the RPSC FDO Syllabus 2020 and also the Exam Pattern.
We advise the applicants to start the exam preparation now onwards to get high marks. To help out the candidates, our team recruitment.guru has provided all the information about the latest RPSC Fisheries Development Officers syllabus and Exam Pattern. By this Latest RPSC FDO Syllabus 2020, candidates can easily crack the exam by preparing well for the topics. Participants need to check the official job notification of the Fisheries Development Officers Posts 2020 to gain more detailed information about RPSC Syllabus and Exam Pattern along with the RPSC Previous Papers.
RPSC Fisheries Development Officers Exam 2020 – Overview
Do you know the exact pattern of the RPSC Examination 2020? If No! then check the Rajasthan PSC Fisheries Development Officers Exam Pattern 2020 tabulated below. Rajasthan FDO Written Exam consists of two papers Paper I and Paper-II. Moreover, get enter into the examination hall applicants need to show their RPSC Admit Card 2020 which would be downloaded before 1 week of the examination from the official portal.
RPSC Fisheries Development Officers Exam Pattern 2020
PART-A
Paper
Name of the Subject
Number of Marks
Number of Questions
Time Duration
Paper-I
General Studies & Mental Ability
150
150
150 Minutes
Paper-II
Subjects (Common)
300
150
150 Minutes
PART-B
Interview
50
Selection Procedures:
Most of the job hunters are eagerly waiting to get the job at Rajasthan PSC which a secure career path for them. If you are one in that group then you need to work hard. Because selection will be purely based on the applicant’s performance and skills which are shown in the following rounds.
Disaster management: vulnerability profile, prevention, & mitigation strategies, Application of Remote Sensing & GIS in the assessment of Disaster
Economic development in India since independence.
Events of national and international importance.
Current affairs- international, national and regional.
General Science
Social- economic & political history of modern India
Indian polity governance: constitutional issues, public policy, reforms & e-governance initiatives
Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection
Logical reasoning, analytical ability, data interpretation.
Data Analysis:
Basic data analysis (Summary Statistics as mean and variance coefficient of
variation etc.,
Visual representation of data
Interpretation
Tabulation of data
Bifurcation of Rajasthan and its Administrative, Economic, Social, Cultural, Political, and legal implications/problems, including
Division of employees, their relocation & nativity issues.
Loss of capital city, challenges in building the new capital and its financial implications.
Effect of bifurcation on commerce and entrepreneurs.
Impact of the bifurcation on river water sharing and consequential issues.
The task of post-bifurcation infrastructure development & opportunities for investments.
Rajasthan REORGANISATION ACT, 2014 on AP and the arbitrariness of certain provisions.
Implications for financial resources of state government.
Socioeconomic, cultural and demographic impact of bifurcation.
Division and rebuilding of common Institutions.
Rajasthan Fisheries Development Officers Syllabus 2020
Respiration and osmoregulation in fishes
The endocrine system of fishes
General principles of Taxonomy, outline classification & General characters on Non-Chordates and Chordates
Phylum Chordata – class – Pisces – classification – general Morphology & Anatomy of chondrichthyans and ostrich-types and Osteichthyes – general distribution of fish
Food & feeding habits with special reference to Digestion in Fish
Reproductive system and breeding habit in fishes
Fish growth – Morphometric and Meristic characters
Adaptations – migration of fishes
Parental care of fishes
A general study of Parasitic & Pathogenic Protozoans, Helminthes, & Arthropods with reference to Fish & Prawn culture
Rajasthan PSC Paper II Syllabus for FDO Exam 2020
Study of a major group of plankton & their importance in aquaculture
Brackish water aquaculture Brackish water fishery resources – management of brackishwater ponds.
Freshwater aquaculture freshwater fishery resources preparation and management of ponds Aquatic weeds & control
Freshwater aquaculture freshwater fishery resources preparation and management of ponds – Aquatic weeds & control
General Principles of Ecology aquatic ecosystem concerning freshwater brackish water and marine environment
The Economic Importance of Fisheries Fish by-products.
A general account of fish & prawn diseases and their control
Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC) recently released a notification for 23 Senior Scientific Officer posts. Applicants who have applied for RPSC SSO Exam 2020 and are searching for RPSC Senior Scientific Officer (SSO) syllabus 2029 download pdf cam find it on this page along with www.rpsc.gov.in Senior Scientific Officer (SSO) exam pattern details.
Download RPSC Senior Scientific Officer Syllabus Pdf
Physics
Mathematical Methods of Physics
Electromagnetic Theory
Classical Mechanics
Solid State Physics
Atomic & Molecular Physics
Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics
Experimental Techniques
Data analysis
Nuclear and Particle Physics
Quantum Mechanics
Forensic Physics
Wild Life Forensics
Computer Forensics
Instrumentation
Forensic statistics
Psychological Techniques in Forensic science
Foot Print, Shoe Print, and Tyre Marks
Forensic Ballistics
Wound Ballistics
Terminal Ballistics
Explosive
Interior Ballistics
Exterior Ballistics
Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
Interdisciplinary topics
Physical Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Forensic Chemistry
Fire and Arson Investigation
Wild Life Forensics
Explosive
Psychological techniques in Forensic science
Computer Forensics
Forensic Toxicology
Introduction to Forensic Science
Instrumentation
Forensic statistics
Plant Poisons and their examination
Insecticide and Pesticide
Poison
Metallic Poisons
Analysis of Toxic anions
Botany
Cellular organization
System Physiology: Plants
Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology
Fundamental Processes
English
Antonyms.
Sentence Arrangement.
Sentence Improvement.
Passage Completion.
Substitution.
Error Correction (Phrase in Bold).
Sentence Completion.
Transformation.
Synonyms.
Fill in the blanks.
Joining Sentences.
Error Correction (Underlined Part).
Para Completion.
Spotting Errors.
Idioms and Phrases.
Active and Passive Voice.
Spelling Test.
Prepositions.
General Awareness
Indian Financial System.
Books & Authors.
Capitals & Currencies.
Current Ministers & Governors.
Current Affairs.
Sports.
Government Schemes
Science & Technology.
Abreviations and Economic Terminologies.
Summits & Conferences etc.
General Knowledge
Environment.
Indian Culture.
Botany.
Famous Days & Dates.
Indian History.
Basic GK.
Indian Politics.
Famous Books & Authors.
Chemistry.
Inventions in the World.
Basic Computer.
Indian Parliament.
Geography.
Indian Economy.
Zoology.
Sports.
Physics.
Reasoning Ability
Analogy.
Directions.
Clocks & Calendars.
Mirror Images.
Number Ranking.
Arithmetical Reasoning.
Blood Relations.
Cubes and Dice.
Alphabet Series.
Decision Making.
Statement Conclusion.
Non-Verbal Series.
Number Series.
Coding-Decoding.
Quantitative Aptitude
Boats & Streams
Profit & Loss
Ratios & Proportions
Problems on Ages
Number System
Mensuration
Compound Interest
Time & Distance
Percentages
Fundamental Operations
Permutations & Combinations
Geometry
Simple Interest
Problems on squares, cubes
Time & Work
Least Common Multiple (LCM) & Highest Common Factor (HCF)
Simplifications
Averages
Allegations & Mixtures
Probability
Partnerships
Discounts
RPSC PRO Syllabus 2020 Pdf
Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC) PRO Recruitment 2020 notification was released for filling 23 Public Relation Officer Posts under the Information & Public Relations Department. The application process starts on 27th June 2020 and the last date to apply will be on 26th July 2020. RPSC Public Relations Officer (PRO) Syllabus Pdf 2020 details and links are given in the below sections of the article along with exam pattern details. However, go through further sections of the article for much more information like exam dates, previous papers, etc.
Rajasthan PSC PRO Notification 2020 – Overview
Description
Details
Board Name
Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC)
Post Name
Public Relation Officer (PRO)
Category
Syllabus
Exam Date
Update Soon
Official Website
rpsc.rajasthan.gov.in
Selection Process:
Written Exam
Interview
RPSC Public Relation Officer (PRO) Exam Pattern 2020
Part B
Topics
Marks
A
Traditional, Print, Electronic & New Media
100
B
General Awareness
C
Hindi & English Language
D
Concept of Public Relations, purpose, elements, tools
E
Concept of news, Value of News essential of news writing
The exam will be of Objective type questions.
Number of questions will be 120
The duration of the exam is 2 hours.
all questions in the exam carry equal marks.
Negative marking will be there in the exam. exact negative marking details will be notified soon.
Download RPSC Public Relation Officer (PRO) Syllabus 2020
Rajasthan RPSC PRO Syllabus 2020 – Part A
General awareness about Rajasthan
Various developmental schemes of Government of Rajasthan
Salient features of Indian Constitution
Fundamental rights and duties
parliament and state legislative assemblies and councils
Rural development and panchayat raj
Right to Education, MNREGA
Rajasthan PSC Public Relation Officer (PRO) Syllabus Pdf – Part B
Concept of news
News value
Essential of news writing, news story structure
Inverted pyramid, various types of reporting
Feature – Concept, and meaning, unique article, success story, features syndicates
Photojournalism, pictures, selection, and editing, writing captions
RPSC PRO Exam Syllabus 2020 – Part C
Characteristics of various media – traditional, print, electronic & new media and their role in public awareness
Historical development of journalism in Rajasthan
General principals of writing for electronic media, news portal, blogs
Definition, and characteristics of online media
Interactivity, and new media
Important laws relating to media –Law of Defamation, Press, and Registration of Books Act, Copyright Act, Press Council Act, RTI
Rajasthan Public Service Commission PRO Syllabus – Part D
Concept of Public Relations, purpose, elements, tools, and functions
Publicity, propaganda, advertising, structure, and working of Public Relations Departments of State Government
Media planning, PR in crisis management
Organizing press conferences and tours
Press briefings
VVIP visits
Preparing PR campaigns
Rajasthan PSC PRO Syllabus Pdf Download – Part E
Proficiency in Hindi and English Language
Translation from English to Hindi & Hindi to English.
Rajasthan Public Service Commission released vacancies for ACF & Forest Range Officer Grade I Posts. There are 169 vacancies in number. Rajasthan PSC Syllabus for ACF and Forest Range Officer Grade I Posts are provided here. Refer to the RPSC ACF Syllabus to prepare for the written exam. In the below section, you can get the complete details of Syllabus for RPSC and Exam Pattern for Forest Range Officer Grade I Posts.
Check the detailed RPSC ACF Syllabus and Exam Pattern to crack the exam. This will help you to crack the exam in an effective manner.
RPSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf – RPSC Forest Officer Syllabus for General Studies
Current Events – Rajasthan, National, International.
Indian History.
Geography – Rajasthan & India.
Culture & Heritage – Rajasthan & India.
Indian National Movement.
Physics.
General Science.
Science & Technology.
Chemistry.
Indian Economy.
Art.
General Polity.
Literature etc.
RPSC RAS Syllabus 2020 PDF
Rajasthan Public Service Commission releases the vacancy details for State and Subordinate Service. The RPSC RAS / RTS Mains exam date is released. The exam is on 25th & 26th June 2020. Hence, before that, applicants should prepare for the exam by referring to the RPSC RAS Syllabus 2020 Pdf and Exam Pattern.
Candidates who have applied for the RPSC RAS RTS Exam can refer to the RPSC RAS Syllabus and Exam Pattern in the below section.
Rajasthan PSC RAS/RTS Prelims Examination Test Pattern 2020
Name of the Subjects
Marks
Duration
General Knowledge & General Science
200
3 Hours
It is an Objective Type.
There are 200 marks and 3 hours to complete the test.
Rajasthan PSC RAS/RTS Mains Examination Test Pattern 2020
Papers
Name of the Subjects
Marks
I
General Studies – I.
200
II
General Studies – II.
200
III
General Studies – III.
200
IV
General Hindi and General English.
200
It consists of papers General Studies I, II, and III, General Hindi and General English.
Each paper consists of 200 marks.
Download RAS Syllabus 2020 Pdf
Here is the detailed RPSC RAS Syllabus for the RAS RTS Exam. Interested and eligible applicants can check and download the Pdf of Syllabus here. Checking the RPSC RAS Syllabus and Exam Pattern helps you to prepare for the exam.
RAS Pre Syllabus for History of Rajasthan
Leading Personalities of Rajasthan
Important Tourist Places of Rajasthan
Rajasthani Culture and its tradition and Heritage
Religious Movements
Saints and Lokdevtas of Rajasthan
Local Festivals
Folk Music and Folk Dance
Freedom Movement
Political Awakening and Integration
Arts Paintings and Handicrafts
RPSC Pre Syllabus for Indian History – Ancient
Salient Feature and Major Landmarks of Ancient and Medieval India
Rajasthan Public Service Commission releases the vacancy details for Assistant Agriculture Officer. Applicants should prepare for the exam by referring to the RPSC AAO Syllabus 2020 Pdf and Exam Pattern. In the below section, we have updated the detailed Rajasthan PSC AAO Syllabus and Test Pattern in a detailed manner.
The written exam is in both objective & Subjective type.
The written exam is two papers Paper I & Paper-II.
Paper I is for General Hindi & General Knowledge.
Paper-II is for Agriculture.
The duration of time for each paper is for 2 Hours.
Download RPSC AAO Syllabus 2020 Pdf
Here is the detailed RPSC AAO Syllabus for Assistant Agriculture Officer Exam. Interested and eligible applicants can check and download the Rajasthan Public Service Commission Syllabus 2020 Pdf here. Checking the detailed Syllabus and Exam Pattern will help you to prepare for the exam in a better way.
RPSC Agriculture Officer Syllabus for General Hindi
Sandhi.
Upasargh.
Samas.
Meanings.
Synonyms.
Correction of Sentences.
Error Detection.
Spellings Correction.
Fill in the Blanks.
Translation of Sentences from English to Hindi.
Muhaware.
Lokoktiyan etc.
Rajasthan Public Service Commission Syllabus Agriculture Officer for General knowledge
Are you looking for the RPSC Grade 2 Sr Teacher Syllabus? Then, here it is. Candidates who have applied for Grade II Senior Teacher Posts can get the RPSC 2nd Grade Teacher Syllabus and Exam Pattern in Pdf format. Read the entire section to get and download the RPSC Syllabus and Exam Pattern for Senior Teacher Gr II Competitive Exam 2020. This can help you to score maximum marks in
RPSC 2nd Grade Syllabus 2020 – Exam Details
Name of the Organization
Rajasthan Public Service Commission
Name of the Posts
Sr. Teacher Gr II Comp. Exam 2020
No. of Vacancies
Various
Category
Syllabus
Official Website
www.rpsc.rajasthan.gov.in
Rajasthan PSC Grade – II Senior Teacher Exam Pattern
Paper – I Exam Pattern:
Exam Type
Topics
No. of Questions
Marks
Duration
Objective Type
Geographical, Historical, Cultural and general knowledge of Rajasthan
40
80
2 Hrs
Current Affairs of Rajasthan
10
20
General knowledge of world and India
30
60
Educational Psychology.
20
40
Total
100
200
Paper-II Exam Pattern:
Exam Type
Topics
No. of Questions
Marks
Duration
Objective Type
Knowledge, of secondary and senior secondary standard about a relevant subject matter
90
180
2 1/2 Hrs
Knowledge of graduation standard about a relevant subject matter
40
80
Teaching methods of relevant subject
20
40
Total
150
300
Download RPSC 2nd Grade Syllabus 2020 Pdf
Here is the detailed Syllabus for Sr. Teacher Gr II Comp. Exam RPSC 2020. Interested and eligible applicants can check and download the RPSC 2nd Grade Syllabus GK 2020 here. Checking the RPSC Sr. Teacher Grade II Syllabus and Exam Pattern helps you to prepare for the exam.
Rajasthan Public Service Commission Syllabus – General Knowledge of Rajasthan
Location.
Extent.
Relief features.
Climate.
Drainage.
Vegetation.
Agriculture.
Livestock.
Dairy development.
Population distribution.
Growth.
Literacy.
Sex ratio.
Religious composition.
Industries.
Planning.
Budgetary trends.
Major tourist centers.
Rajasthan PSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf – General Knowledge of World & India
Rajasthan Public Service Commission releases the vacancy details for Sub Inspector. Hence, before that, applicants should prepare for the exam by referring to the RPSC SI Syllabus 2020 Pdf and Exam Pattern. In the below section, we have updated the detailed Rajasthan PSC SI Syllabus and Test Pattern in a detailed manner.
It contains Two Papers, i.e., General Hindi & General Knowledge.
Duration of the Each Paper 2 hrs.
The medium of the exam is in English or Hindi.
Download RPSC Syllabus 2020 Pdf
Here is the detailed Rajasthan Public Service Commission SI Syllabus for Sub Inspector Exam. Interested and eligible applicants can check and download the Rajasthan Public Service Commission Syllabus 2020 Pdf here. Checking the RPSC AAO Syllabus and Exam Pattern helps you to prepare for the exam.
TRLM Recruitment 2020: Online Application for 150 Cluster Coordinator, MIS Assistant & Other Posts in Tripura!! The Tripura Rural Livelihood Mission – Rural Development Department is inviting online applications from interested candidates via the TRLM Notification. There are 150 vacancies that need to be filled up by vibrant and energetic candidates at the moment. The TRLM vacancies available are for the post of State Mission Manager, Programme Manager, Financial Inclusion Coordinator, District Mission Coordinator, Assistant Programme Manager, Block Mission Coordinator, Livelihood Coordinator, Cluster Coordinator, MIS Assistant, Accountant & Accounts Assistant. This recruitment is for the implementation of Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana- National Rural Livelihood Mission (I AY- NRLM) and Deen Dayal Upadhaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU- GKY). Interested candidates can read all the details and start applying online from 01st May 2020. The last date to apply for TRLM Recruitment is 31st May 2020.
Interested candidates are asked to read all the details below to check if they are eligible for these posts. Candidates can also refer to the official notification for more information on TRLM Jobs. Once the candidates have confirmed eligibility for the posts they can proceed to apply online. Click on the TRLM Apply Online Link to start applying. Interested candidates can know more about the Tripura Rural Livelihood Mission – Rural Development Department by clicking on the website link below or visiting the official website @ trlm.tripura.gov.in.
Overview of TRLM Jobs 2020
Name of the Organization
Tripura Rural Livelihood Mission – Rural Development Department
Number of Vacancies
150
Name of Post
State Mission Manager, Programme Manager, Financial Inclusion Coordinator, District Mission Coordinator, Assistant Programme Manager, Block Mission Coordinator, Livelihood Coordinator, Cluster Coordinator, MIS Assistant, Accountant & Accounts Assistant
Starting date of application
01st May 2020
Closing date of application
31st May 2020
Job Category
Tripura Government Jobs
Job Location
Tripura
Application process
Online Application
Official Website
trlm.tripura.gov.in
Details of TRLM Vacancy 2020-21:
The details of the vacancy as given in the TRLM Recruitment 2020 is as below
Name of the Post
Number of Posts
State Mission Manager
04
Programme Manager
03
Financial Inclusion Coordinator
01
District Mission Coordinator
02
Assistant Programme Manager
01
Block Mission Coordinator
11
Livelihood Coordinator
47
Cluster Coordinator
30
MIS Assistant
10
Accountant
14
Accounts Assistant
27
Total
150
Eligibility Criteria for TRLM Recruitment 2020
Candidates interested in TRLM Jobs can check their eligibility with the details below to apply.
Academic Qualification:
Candidates must have completed Graduation/ Post Graduation/ CA/ MCom/ MBA from a recognized university or institution
Must have at least 1 year to 5 years of experience
Read the official notification for more details on TRLM Careers.
Age Limit:
Maximum Age Limit – 40 Years
Maximum Age Limit for Financial Inclusion Coordinator Posts – 65 Years
For age limit as given in the TRLM Recruitment 2020, refer to the official notification
Selection Process:
Common Aptitude Test (CAT)
Group Discussion (GD)
Personal Interview (PI)
Rural Attachment Test (RAT)
For Financial Inclusion Coordinator Posts –
Thematic Presentation
Personal Interview
Pay Scale for TRLM Recruitment 2020:
Name of the Post
Number of Posts
State Mission Manager
Rs. 40,000/-
Programme Manager
Rs. 30,000/-
Financial Inclusion Coordinator
Rs. 30,000/-
District Mission Coordinator
Rs. 26,000/-
Assistant Programme Manager
Rs. 18,000/-
Block Mission Coordinator
Rs. 20,000/-
Livelihood Coordinator
Rs. 18,500/-
Cluster Coordinator
Rs. 15,000/-
MIS Assistant
Rs. 15,000/-
Accountant
Rs. 15,000/-
Accounts Assistant
Rs. 13,000/-
TRLM Online Application Fee:
Candidates may read the official notification to get more details on TRLM online application fees
How to apply for TRLM Recruitment 2020?
Click on the notification link below
Read all the details given below
If eligible, click on the TRLM Online application link
Fill in all the details and make sure they are correct
Submit the application form and take a print out of the same for future reference
Indian Post Office Jobs 2020-2021 – www.indiapost.gov.in
Indian Post Office Recruitment2020: Here is the great news for candidates looking for jobs in the post office. The officials have released its notification to fill in up aspirants for the post of 3965 Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS), Staff Car Driver, MTS, Administrative Officer & other posts. Hence interested and eligible candidates can apply for post issued by the board before the given deadline. The mode of application for this post is online/offline. So to make this Post Office Jobs 2020 as yours apply on or before the Last Date i.e. 04th May 2020. Candidates can apply for Indian Post Office Vacancy 2020 on our page or on the official website @ www.indiapost.gov.in For more government jobs, click here.
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in Maharashtra – Apply offline for 14 Staff Car Driver Post: Maharashtra Post Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 14 Staff Car Driver Vacancies. Job Seekers who have passed 10th can apply for Post Office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in before 04th May 2020.
Maharashtra Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: Maharashtra Postal Circle Name of the Post: Staff Car Driver No. of Vacancies: 14 Apply Mode: offline Category: Maharashtra Government Jobs Job Location: Maharashtra Official Website: www.indiapost.gov.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
Uttar Pradesh Postal Circle Recruitment 2020
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in Uttar Pradesh – Apply Online for 3951 Gramin Dak Sevak Post: Uttar Pradesh Post Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 3951 Gramin Dak Sevak Vacancies. Job Seekers who have passed 10th can apply for Post Office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in from 23rd March 2020 to 22nd April 2020.
Uttar Pradesh Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: Uttar Pradesh Postal Circle Name of the Post: Gramin Dak Sevak No. of Vacancies: 3951 Apply Mode: Online Category: Uttar Pradesh Government Jobs Job Location: Uttar Pradesh Official Website: www.indiapost.gov.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
Gujarat Postal Circle Recruitment 2020
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in Gujarat – Apply Offline for 144 Postal Assistant, Postman and MTS Post: Gujarat Post Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 144 Postal Assistant, Postman and MTS Vacancies. Job Seekers who have passed 10th or 12th can apply for Post Office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in from 17th February 2020 to 20th March 2020.
Gujarat Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: Gujarat Postal Circle Name of the Post: Postal Assistant, Postman and MTS No. of Vacancies: 144 Apply Mode: Offline Category: Gujarat Government Jobs Job Location: Gujarat Official Website: www.indiapost.gov.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
West Bengal Postal Circle Recruitment 2020
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in West Bengal – Apply Online for 2021 Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS) Post: West Bengal Post Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 2021 Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS) Vacancies. Job Seekers who have passed 10th can apply for Post Office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in from 18th February 2020 to 18th March 2020. Get a direct link for India Post Recruitment 2020.
West Bengal Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: West Bengal Postal Circle Name of the Post: Gramin Dak Sevak (GDS) No. of Vacancies: 2021 Apply Mode: Online Category: West Bengal Government Jobs Job Location: West Bengal Official Website: www.indiapost.gov.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
Karnataka Postal Circle Recruitment 2020
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in Karnataka – Apply Offline for 44 Junior Accountant, Postal & Sorting Assistant and Postman: Karnataka Post Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 44 Junior Accountant, Postal & Sorting Assistant, and Postman Vacancies. Job Seekers who have passed 10+2 or Bachelors Degree can apply for Post office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in from 18th January 2020 to 16th March 2020.
Karnataka Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: Karnataka Postal Circle Name of the Post: Junior Accountant, Postal & Sorting Assistant, and Postman No. of Vacancies: 44 Apply Mode: Offline Category: Karnataka Government Jobs Job Location: Karnataka Official Website: www.indiapost.gov.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
Karnataka Postal Circle Recruitment 2020
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in Karnataka – Apply Offline for 37,987 MTS & GDS Posts: Karnataka Post Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 37,987 Multi-Tasking Staff (MTS) and Gramin Dak Sevaks (GDS) Vacancies. Job Seekers who have passed 10 can apply for Post office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in before 17th February 2020.
Karnataka Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: Karnataka Postal Circle Name of the Post: Multi-Tasking Staff (MTS) and Gramin Dak Sevaks (GDS) No. of Vacancies: 37,987 Apply Mode: Offline Category: Karnataka Government Jobs Job Location: Karnataka Official Website: www.indiapost.gov.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
Tamilnadu Postal Circle Recruitment 2020
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in Tamilnadu – Apply Offline for 165 Multi-Tasking Staff Vacancies: Tamilnadu Post Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 165 Multi-Tasking Staff Posts. Job Seekers who have passed 10+2 can apply for Post office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in once the notification is officially released.
Tamilnadu Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: Tamilnadu Postal Circle Name of the Post: Multi-Tasking Staff (MTS) No. of Vacancies: 165 Apply Mode: Offline Category: Tamilnadu Government Jobs Job Location: Tamilnadu Official Website: www.appost.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
West Bengal Postal Circle Recruitment 2020
Post Office Recruitment 2020 in West Bengal – Apply Offline for 223 Multi-Tasking Staff Vacancies: The West BengalPost Office newly announced Postal Recruitment 2020 Notification to fill up 223 Multi-Tasking Staff Vacancies. Job Seekers who have passed 10th can apply for Post office Jobs 2020 @ www.indiapost.gov.in once the notification is officially released. Check for the India Post vacancy 2020 details from this page.
West Bengal Postal Recruitment 2020 Details
Name of the Organisation: West Bengal Postal Circle Name of the Post: Multi-Tasking Staff (MTS) No. of Vacancies: 223 Apply Mode: Offline Category: West Bengal Government Jobs Job Location: West Bengal Official Website: www.appost.in
Official Notification & Application Form – Click Here
About India Post Office: www.indiapost.gov.in vacancy 2020
The Department of Posts(DoP), trading as India Post is a government operated the postal system in India. Generally referred to within India as "the Post Office", it is the most widely distributed postal system in the world. Here on this page applicants can get India Post Recruitment 2020 Pdf. The postal service is under the Department of Posts, which is part of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology of the Government of India. The Country is divided into 22 postal circles, each circle headed by a chief postmaster general. Candidates can get all the latest openings at India Post Office Vacancy 2020.
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Firstly, you need to understand how you need to perform in order to get an 8 band score in the IELTS. Getting a band score of 8 in IELTS is a big achievement and you have to keep certain things in mind in order to get this score.
In order to get an 8 band score in listening and reading you need to get 89% of the marks. Since IELTS reading and listening have 40 questions each, in order to get band 8 you have to at least answer 36 questions of each.
Whereas in IELTS speaking and writing the performance is not measured only by looking at the scores that you get, but there are certain descriptors in each of the sections and the test taker must meet the requirements of these descriptors.
Things to be kept in mind to get 8 band score in all the sections
There are few things in each section which the test taker has to understand, in order to get an 8 band score in the IELTS examination. Let's go through each section one by one:
Listening
There are few points which can be kept in mind while taking up the listening test to achieve an 8 band score. The points that you can follow are listed below:
Do not always depend on tips and tricks
You can go through the tips and tricks given to achieve an 8 band score. But, fully depending on it is not at all good. Instead of spending your time only focusing on tips and tricks, you can utilize that time to study for the IELTS test. The only way to achieve an 8 band score in the IELTS examination is by working for it.
Listen to the English Language every day
This is the most important point, because when you listen to certain things, again and again, you will be able to grab it easily and it also improves you. If you listen to the English language every single day, you will be able to understand the different accents of the English language, not only that you will be able to understand which word can be used while framing the sentence. There are a lot of websites which will help you to improve your listening skills and which provide you with a lot of resources.
Listen actively
While listening to a particular thing, there should be full concentration given so that you do not miss out anything. Since in the listening test the audio is played only one, you need to give your full concentration and should be able to understand the different accents as well. Listening carefully will improve your vocabulary and grammar, which are very important in the IELTS test.
Build a strategy
In order to have a perfect answer, you must have an appropriate strategy or a structure which you need to follow. By having a proper strategy you will be able to take the IELTS test with confidence and you will know how the steps are to be followed one after the other.
Practice
The practice is the only thing that helps you to get your desirable band score. You need to practice until and unless you become fully confident in your language. The practice is the appropriate way in which you can invest your time fully. And the time that you have used for practicing the lessons will not be wasted at all. Make sure you use all the practice papers while practicing for the IELTS test and set the time exactly as the time set for the actual test so that you will be able to manage your time as well as you will not have to stress yourself while writing the test.
Reading
Few points which can be kept in mind while taking the reading test, to achieve a band score of 8 is as follows:
Good level of reading skills
In order to achieve a good 8 band score, you should have excellent reading skills, and for this you need to read a lot of books, magazines, journals, and newspapers so that you have an improved English. For this, you need mainly focus on improving your grammar and vocabulary, try to know the relationship between two sentences that are given and also should be able to appropriately use the keywords given in the passage.
The answer will be in the question itself
This means if you understand the question very well, then it will be easier to answer that particular question. It is better to go through the text and the questions, before actually writing the answer, you should give yourself 5 minutes, in the beginning, to prepare for the answer.
Know the difference
You must understand the difference between skimming and scanning in the reading test. You will find these words in every blog, and every website of IELTS reading. Skimming means going through the text quickly and getting the overview of the same. You need to have a skill for getting a general idea about the whole text by looking at the heading or quickly going through it. Scanning means taking the keywords which you feel are important and explaining in detail about it. If you have these both skills you will be able to easily manage the time as well as score well in the IELTS exam.
Do not spend more than a minute on a single question
If you are not able to understand which answer to be written to a particular question. Do not waste much of a time in finding the answer to that question alone, skip to the next question. You can come back at the end when extra time is given to review the answers and try to figure out what is the answer. It is important to manage your time well because if you get stuck in the first passage itself you will end up losing a lot of marks because the time limit to answer the questions will only be 40 minutes and it is advisable to take only one minute or even less than that to answer an particular answer.
Study the vocabulary specific to particular topics
In the reading, section vocabulary plays an important role and the vocabularies will be different for different topics. So you need to be careful while studying the vocabulary. If in case you have practiced a lot of reading tests then you might come across the topics which are repeating and along with that the vocabularies also repeat. Spending time on these is never wasted because if the same topic comes in the IELTS exam that you take, you will be well prepared for it.
Writing
In this particular section, the performance is not measured by the marks that you receive but on certain criteria. There are 4 criteria which fetch you 8 band scores which are explained below:
Task Achievement/ Response
The ideas that you want to explain in your essay must be understandable by the examiner only then you will be able to get an 8 band score. If the test taker is excellent in english and is able to explain the ideas in detail he will definitely get band 8 in the exam and also you should write an essay of at least 150 words for task 1 and 250 words for task 2.
Coherence and cohesion
In this criteria the examiner will expect the answer which is easily readable and you should be able to give a perfect answer. Along with that some of the connectors which are not commonly used by anyone and a paragraph with the unique content must be there in order to get an 8 band score.
Lexical Resource
If you want to get a band score of 8 then you also have to think about the wide range of vocabulary that the examiner expects, he will expect you to use high level words in the sentences you make, but again if you know the high level words but do not know to make use of such words appropriately, then it is waste studying those words. So you need to keep these things in mind if you want to get an 8 band score.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy
You have to make sure that you do not make any major errors while writing the essay, making minor errors is fine. The examiner also checks whether the grammar used in the sentence framed is appropriate, in order to score a 8 band score the grammar that you use must be excellent and the sentence must look unique.
Speaking
Again in speaking also same like writing the performance will measured on the basis of 4 criterias which are explained below:
Fluency and coherence
In the speaking test, you should be able to speak confidently without hesitation, and in the speaking test mainly the fluency of the test taker English language is measured, and if the test taker is able to speak English fluently without stammering then he will have chances of getting 8 band score in the speaking test.
Lexical Resource
The examiner expects you to use some complex words while explaining the situation and along with that you should be able to explain the meaning of the complex words that are used, the examiner may be impressed if you use idioms while speaking and also explain the original meaning of that. If you speak on the given topic fluently without thinking much about what to explain, the examiner will understand that you have knowledge about the topic and may also give you an 8 band score.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy
Here the examiner will check if the speaking is in a structured way. If you are not that great in the English language while writing you will be able to manage but while speaking it becomes challenging for non-native speakers to speak fluently.
Pronunciation
If the candidate speaks continuously and fluently without any efforts from the examiner and if the test taker is able to pronounce all the complex words during the test, he has high chances of getting a high band score.
Task 1 of IELTS writing asks the test taker top describe the map. We can say that this is one of the most frequently asked questions and if you practice well, it will definitely help you in the IELTS test.
This vocabulary section helps you to understand the main phrases, language and the vocabularies that can be used while describing a map in IELTS writing task 1. The criteria you need to keep in mind while answering this question is task achievement, lexica resource, coherence and cohesion, grammatical range and accuracy. If you have high knowledge about the vocabulary, you can get a high band score in this section. Whether you have great knowledge about the lexical resource is known by these following points:
Usage of appropriate synonyms in your writing.
Usage of appropriate vocabulary in the writing.
Only if there is no alternative, you can repeat the words while paraphrasing or else try to write your own words.
You will be able to achieve a high band score if the less commonly used vocabulary is included in your writing.
Do not repeat the words in your writing.
Use accurate words in the sentence, which match the question.
Important Map Language
There are various phrases that can be used to explain things. But there are certain words which can be used to describe the map or a diagram which are as follows:
Adverbs and Prepositions
North/South/East/West
Upstairs/Downstairs
Clockwise/Anticlockwise
To the north/To the south/To the east/To the west
Across the road
Before you get to
In the middle of = in the center of
Just beyond = a little beyond = just past
Inside/Outside
To the left of/ To the right of
Verbs
Go up/Go down
Start by
Is located = is situated = lies = there is = is
Run through = cross = pass through = go through
Cross = pass over = cut across
Nouns
Crossroad = intersection = junction
Hosing area = residential area = sleeping area
Entrance = doorway
Path = way
Roundabout
Area = field = zone
Site = place = location
Edge = boundary = end = fringe
Sentences
The railway runs through the pass-through/ crosses/ goes through Z.
A is located in the northeast of the town.
X is situated in the northeast of the town, just behind the housing area.
A is located in the northeast of B, which has a lot of population.
Y is located in the center of the town, which has a railway running through it from north to south.
Paraphrases
You need to be careful while paraphrasing the sentences. Sometimes the words that you paraphrase may not be appropriate
Town center = city center may be the wrong word used because the town cannot be a city. So the correct paraphrasing should be center of the town
Vocabulary words used for Map
In order to succeed this, you have to know some of the vocabulary which is given below. These words will help you in succeeding the test:
Introduction
Illustrates
Describes
Demonstrates
Represents
Reflects
Shows
According to
Provides detail of
Gives information about
System of Co-ordinates
Axis
Trend
Coordinate
Verticle axis Y
Horizontal axis X
Table format
Row
Column
Cell
Data
Movement
Go up
Increase
Peak
Jump
Rise
Come down
Decrease
Decline
Fall
Fluctuate
Description
Over the time period
Estimated
Gradually
Rapidly
Further
Makeup
Per week/month
Account for
Projected
Substantially
Map Location
Situated
Located
Vicinity
Northeast
Southeast
Northwest
Southwest
North
South
East
West
Conclusion
Was reported
On the other hand
Was noted
Overall
It can be concluded that
To summarise
In total
Thus the IELTS writing task 1 asks you to use different vocabularies for the data given for the map. You should be able to choose the main features and explain their trend, compare and contrast the data if 2 maps are given in order to get the band score you desire.
Opinion essays mainly describe, either agreeing or disagreeing on a particular fact or information. It can also be partially agreeing on the same. This basically asks you to give your opinion about the given topic or the information or the fact that is already given. It gives two opposite views and asks you to give your opinion on these views.
There are 40 minutes to complete this task. You have to at least write 250 words based on the topic given.
Structure to answer this task
There is a certain structure that you can follow, in order to answer this particular task. You can follow the structure given below:
Introduction
The introduction part must be short and understandable by the reader. In the introduction you will write not more than two sentences. In the first sentence, you can make the paraphrasing of the topic or the question given and in the second sentence, you can give your opinion based on the topic or the question. Thus, your first paragraph would be perfectly framed.
Body paragraphs
While explaining the topics, you can have two or three separate body paragraphs, wherein you can take an idea and explain it using examples or some supporting details. Make sure you make the use of the vocabulary and the grammar appropriately while explaining the idea in the body paragraphs.
Conclusion
As this one is an opinion essay, giving a conclusion for whatever you have explained is very important. Giving a conclusion is nothing but summing up everything that you have explained in the previous paragraphs and also restating your opinion on the topic.
Instruction words
While writing an opinion essay there is something called instructions words that you need to keep in mind. Below is the list of some instruction words which you can keep in mind while writing the opinion essays.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Do you think..?
In your opinion, what is…?
Do you agree or disagree?
What is your opinion?
Tips to write opinion essays
As there should be at least two body paragraphs in the opinion essay, you can explain the reason for each of the opinions in each of the paragraphs.
Instead of using the list of ideas to explain the topic, you can use a single main idea that supports the topic given appropriately.
Before actually starting to write the opinion essay, you should give yourself at least 5 minutes to present your ideas and prepare well.
You are suggested to give your opinion throughout the essay and not only while giving the conclusion.
You have to make sure that the answer is written or the essay is written is complete and should include all the aspects that should be present. This is possible when you write the essay accordion g to the structure that is given.
You have to stick on only one point of view, and do not agree and disagree about the topic at the same time. As it may confuse the examiner and he may end up giving you less band score.
The introduction part should be short and not more than 55 words. The body paragraph may be up to 100 words each and the conclusion should be again shorter than the introduction.
Whatever ideas you have explain it in the body paragraph itself, again do not bring new ideas in the conclusion paragraph.
As you will have only 40 minutes to write an essay, your aim for the word count should be no more than 280 words, as you will have a lack of time to complete it.
IELTS Opinion Essay Topics
There are few opinion essay topics which are listed down below, which you can practice for IELTS examination and also may appear in the IELTS examination:
In the future, it seems more difficult to live on the Earth. Some people think more money should be spent on researching another planet to live, such as Mars. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Many people say that the only way to guarantee a good job is to complete a course in university education. Others claim that it is better to start work after school and gain experience in the world of work. How far do you agree or disagree with the above views?
Although more and more people read the news on the internet, newspapers will remain the most important source of news for the majority of people. Do you agree or disagree?
Students in schools and universities learn more from their teachers than through other means such as the Internet, libraries, and TV. To what extent you agree or disagree?
Nowadays university education is very expensive. Some people say that universities should reduce their fees, especially for the less fortunate students or those coming from rural areas. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Some people think that governments must insist on preserving the traditional appearance of old buildings undergoing renovation or redevelopment. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?
Some people believe that international trade and communication with other countries is a positive trend, while others think it is harmful to nations and they might lose their identities. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give your own opinion and relevant examples.
Many people believe that schools should teach children to become good citizens and workers rather than independent individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give your own opinion and relevant examples.
People should follow the customs and traditions when people start to live in a new country. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
It is impossible to help all people in the world, so governments should only focus on people in their own countries. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
This article helps the test taker to understand, how to answer true, false, not given questions. In this, you will give a text with some information as well as a list of facts. The test taker has to identify whether the facts are true, false or not given by referring to the text that is given. In front of the facts you need need to write True, if the fact matches the text, False, if the fact is opposite to the text and Not Given, if the fact is not present in the text.
Strategies for answering the questions
There are a few strategies, which have to be kept in mind while answering the True False Not given questions. They are listed as b below:
The questions are asked in the same order in which the text or the information is given.
In order to know the correct answer, you need to understand the text given and check which fact about the text is true, fa;se or not given.
Read the first paragraph carefully and try to answer the questions, if you find that this may the answer then do not rush to write the answer, read the sentence carefully and then decide whether the answer is correct or incorrect. When you find the answer in the first paragraph move to the second paragraph and repeat the procedure.
You have to carefully read the information text, to find whether the keyword in the question are present in the text.
You have to keep in mind that the question and the information in the text will be similar but with the synonyms. There will be no exact sentence in the question. It is your duty to identify and write the correct answer.
If you look at the controlling words in the information then you can easily find whether the fact given is true, false or not given.
Do not spend a lot of time on one question, if you cannot find the fact in the information then the answer is probably Not Given.
Sometimes words like Yes, No, No Information are used these may be slightly different, where, you may have to look for the opinions instead of the facts.
Instead of only focusing on the keywords, also try to read the sentences fully and identify the answer.
Match the facts given with the correct and accurate information of the text.
Once you feel that a particular fact matches the text you need to read it again carefully to know if the fact given is true or false. You need to keep in mind if the fact is true then, it should exactly match the information given.
If you are really unsure and cannot understand the synonyms given, then you can mark it as Not Given
Underline the words which you feel might be the correct answer so that in the end you can refer them back.
Tips for True, False, Not given Ielts Questions
Below are some of the tips to write answers to the questions and gain a high band in the IELTS examination. The list of tips is given below:
Before you rush in and write the answer, spend time understanding the question that is given.
Do not make any assumptions about the facts given. If you already know about the topic given keep it aside and just focus on the text information given. Because most of the time the answer you may think may be wrong and you may end up losing marks.
You have to give your full attention while reading the text as well as the question, and do not depend only on the keywords that are given. It is advisable to read the text and the question with full concentration.
There will be many sentences in the text which are paraphrased from the facts that are given. So you need to be more careful and look for such sentences. For this, you should be really well with the grammar.
Some of the words like some, never, always, believe, claim and so on may completely change the meaning of the sentence. That is why it is important to read the sentence carefully and avoid making mistakes.
It is not only based on the keywords, sometimes in the sentence, the keywords may be the same but the meaning of the sentence may be completely different. So mainly you have to keep this in mind.
In the facts given, there will be at least one answer that is True, False or Not give. If you are not able to find anyone answers from this. Then you will have a wrong answer.
The answer will be false when the text information states one meaning about the answer and the fact given states some other meaning so you have to keep this in mind.
The order of the question given also may help in finding the answer. The answer to question 4 will be between the answers of questions 3 and 5 in the text.
If you have no idea about the answer, then put not given, because probably the answer will not be available in the text.
You can only write the initials T instead of writing True. but, you need to make sure that your handwriting is clear and understandable.
Most of the students are scared of Writing task 2 of the IELTS exam. As the tropics given in the exam are education-related, most of the test takers find it difficult to answer the question. And the test takers will be given only 40 minutes to complete the 250-word essay. The essays that you should write will be based on your own opinion. And in this section, the examiners will assess the fluency of your language as well as how well you can express your thoughts on a particular topic.
Structure of IELTS essay on education
There are plenty of topics in IELTS writing task 2, and you cannot say which topic you may get for the IELTS test. You should have a little understanding of every topic that is given. If you get an education as your topic, then you can follow this particular structure to write your answer:
Introduction
The introduction part will be the most important part of the essay, where this paragraph will help you write the rest of the essay. The introduction part should include the topic or the question given in the essay. You can use different synonyms and your own sentences to write your own essay. While writing the essay you should decide whether you are in favor of the question or against the question. This will be easy for the examiner to judge your question. Once you are done paraphrasing the question, give your opinion regarding the topic.
Body of the essay
The body of the essay is where you explain your opinion in-depth about the topic. You have to keep in mind that you do not divert from the topic. There will be to parts in your body paragraph. The first one and the important one is that it should involve your opinion about the topic. And the second one will be your opposing thoughts about the topic. They are explained in detail below:
Opinion- In favor
In a favorable opinion you can use phrases like 'in my opinion' or 'i believe that' before starting the question so that the examiner knows that you are talking in favor of the topic. The tone used while explaining maybe a third person tone, this is usually used while trying to give an example with context to the topic. While writing the essay if you think positively about education you can give interesting ideas in favor of education. If you are not much aware of the facts you can highlight the main features of the education.
Opinion- Shortcomings
We know that education is undoubtedly important but you have to always explain also the shortcomings of the essay to show that, you understand both the sides of the essay, as well as you should give the suggestion about your opinion about the essay that shows the variety in your thought process. You can give your own suggestions to even improve the education system that is you can know the scope of improvement in the education sector.
Conclusion
As you are giving your own opinion about the essay, giving the conclusion about the essay makes it more structured and is easily understood by the examiner. In the end you can close the essay by giving some small notes with the reasons and not making it much complex. The opinion given by you must be consistent throughout the essay and make sure you do not have two opinions about the question given. You can also sum up the introduction part as well as the body paragraph part of the essay and conclude the overall essay on a positive note.
IELTS Writing Task 2 is the second of the IELTS writing test. In this article, you will get to know how to organize an essay as well as a few recently appeared essays on crime and punishment through which you can practice for IELTS writing actual test.
Many offenders commit more crimes after serving the first punishment. Why is this happening, and what measures can be taken to tackle this problem?
Most criminals tend to make crimes again, once they release from jail. This is mainly because lack of rehabilitation they receive in jail and also one more reason maybe they might find difficulty in finding employment again. There are a lot of solutions to overcome this situation. In this essay, we will explain why the criminals again commit the same crime and what can be the reasons to overcome this.
Firstly, the main reason why the criminals again commit the crime maybe they are not shown the right path to living their future and their skills also have not improved and also they have not got sufficient opportunities to improve their existing skills while sitting in jail. Another main reason is that they are unable to find the right employment and unemployment may lead them to commit the crime for their daily bread. Another reason may be the legislation is not strict enough and because of this, the criminals will again have the guts to commit the crime.
Some effective measures must be taken to avoid the crimes to happen again and this is possible if the government imposes the stricter punishments to the criminals so that they do not try to commit a crime again. The crimes can also be reduced if the criminals in the jails are empowered by improving their skills like craft making, fashion designing, catering and so on. Which will, in turn, improve their skills and they will be engaged in one or the other work once they are out of the prison and they might also give themselves financial support.
To sum up, everything the government must closely monitor the criminals even after they are out of prison and take some important measures so that the crime rate reduces so that we can make the world a better place to live in.
Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion
There is an argument by many people saying whether every criminal must have fixed punishments for the crimes they commit, whereas some of the people disagree with this fact saying that the main reason behind the crime must be found out and also they should know whether the crime committed was intentional or unintentional.
It is believed that if the criminals are given fixed punishments people will be more careful while performing their daily activities and they will not think of committing any crime. This may be one of the advantages to society. One more thing is if the punishments are fixed a lot of time and money is saved and if they have to give different punishments the government might have to spend more money on lawyers and security purposes. Instead of spending money on these, the money can be used for other sectors like education or development of society and so on.
On the other side, people think that having the same punishment for each of the crimes may not bring justice in a real sense, because many times the people may commit crimes unintentionally. For this, the punishments must be given knowing the real reason behind the crimes that happen
Thus we can say that both sides have their own advantages and the government should decide on the basis of serving equal justice to the people. Thus we can say that there is no point in giving the same punishment to the people who commit each crime because both the person will have a different motive
Other essays related to Crime and Punishment
There are also other related essays that you can make use of while practicing for writing task 2 essays. The list is given below:
Juvenile Criminal
Some people say that when children under 18 are committing a crime they should be punished, while others believe they should be educated. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give your own opinion.
Crime
Studies show that criminals get a low level of education. Some people believe that the best way to reduce crime is by educating people in prison so they can get a job after leaving prison. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
In some countries, a high proportion of criminal acts are committed by teenagers. Why has this happened? What can be done to deal with this?
Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later. Some people think that having these people to give a talk to school students is the best way to tell them about the dangers of committing a crime. Do you agree or disagree?
Learners of English often think of 'will' as a way of expressing the future and of 'would' as a word which is used mainly in conditional sentences, but we use both of these modal verbs to express a number of other meanings. This unit also looks at 'shall' which, although it is the least-used modal in English, we can use to express a variety of meanings.
PREDICTION AND CERTAINTY
1A. Predictions about the future
We use will/won't to make predictions about the future:
He's been found guilty of murder. He'll be in prison for a long time.
You must work hard for this exam. It won 't be easy.
1B. Past predictions about the future
Sometimes we wish to express a prediction about the future that someone made in the past. For this we often use would/wouldn't (would is the past form of will):
We had to hurry to get him to the hospital. We knew it would be too late otherwise.
This use of would is related to the use of would in reported speech:
I'm sure the Lions will win the rugby series this year. ==> She was sure the Lions would win the rugby series.
1C. Certainty about the present
We make confident ‘predictions' about the present based on our knowledge or previous experience (or on current expectations) with will/ won’t:
'Rachel's in Turkey at the moment.’ I hope she's taken some winter clothes because they won't be warm at this time of year. ‘
Compare this use of will and the present simple. We use the present simple to state a fact without expressing an opinion as to the certainty or otherwise of the event:
Janet isn't here at the moment. She’s in France. (Fact – the speaker knows it’s true.)
To say that we believe something is certain, we use will/won't:
It's five o’clock. Janet 'll be in Paris now. (Certainty – the speaker believes it’s true.)
To express certainty about something ongoing (i.e. where we would use the present continuous for a fact), we use will/won't + be + -ing form:
Jason is sympathetic because he knows his successor will be having a hard time at the moment.
1D. Certainty about the past
To refer to something which we feel certain has happened (but do not actually know), we use will have + past participle:
We sent the invitations on Monday, so they will have received them by now. Why hasn’t anyone replied?
This is similar to must have + past participle:
We sent the invitations on Monday, so they must have received them by now.
We use won't have + past participle to refer to something which we feel certain has not happened:
We sent the invitations by second-class post. They won't have received them yet.
Note: We do not use mustn’t have + past participle in this way, but we can use can't have:
X, We sent the invitations by second-class post. They mustn't have received them yet.
✓ We sent the invitations by second-class post. They can’t have received them yet.
CHARACTERISTICS, HABITS, AND ROUTINES
2A. Present
We often use will/won’t talk about actions that have become so routine that they are predictable:
Every lesson is the same: he'll sit down, get his books out and then he'll start giving us instructions. He won't greet us or show any interest in us.
We can extend this use of will to talk about habits and characteristics:
The public will always side with the nurses in any dispute.
The dominant male of the group will not tolerate the presence of other males.
We can also use the present simple to describe characteristics and habits:
The public always sides with the nurses in any dispute.
The dominant male of the group does not tolerate the presence of other males.
We often use will when talking about the characteristics of capacity or ability:
The Olympic stadium in Sydney will hold 110.000 people.
This model will do 0 to 100 kilometers per hour in eight seconds.
It is also possible to use can and the present simple for these last two uses with no change in meaning:
The Olympic stadium in Sydney can hold/ holds 110.000 people.
This model can do/ does 0 to 100 kilometers per hour in eight seconds.
We use will (not the present simple) to describe an annoying habit or to make a criticism:
We enjoy going out with Frank and Carol, but they will argue in public!
Note: We do not contract well when we use it to describe an annoying habit – we stress it:
X Geoff 'll leave the lights on when he’s last out of the office.
✓ Geoff will leave the lights on when he's last out of the office!
We often use will/won't criticize inanimate objects in this way:
Whatever I do, my car won't start first time on cold mornings.
To state a simple fact with no (or little) annoyance, we use the present simple:
My car doesn't start/never starts first time on cold mornings.
2B. Past
We use would/wouldn't talk about habits in the past:
Every lesson was the same: he'd sit down and get his books out, then he'd start giving us instructions. He wouldn’t greet us or show any interest in us.
We can use would/wouldn't criticize or talk about annoying habits in the past:
I miss Dad, even though he would always tell me how to run my life!
Note: We do not usually contract would to when we use it in this way; we stress it:
When Alan was a toddler he would cling on to me whenever a stranger came in.
However, we do not always stress would when it is followed by an adverb:
My boss was awful: he'd invariably find something for me to do at five o'clock.
We can use would/wouldn't talk about inanimate objects:
The car would never start on winter mornings when we were in Sweden.
WILLINGNESS AND REFUSAL
3A. Present/future willingness and refusal
We use will to express willingness to do something:
The doctor will act as a witness to your signature. She doesn’t mind doing that sort of thing.
We can use it to express be willing to. In this sense, we can use will/ won't in the if-clause of a first conditional:
If you'll take a seat for a moment, Mr. Franks will be with you soon. (If you are willing to take a seat for a moment,…)
We use won't/ shan't to express unwillingness or refusal to do something:
The PA won't book my flights. She says it isn’t in her job description.
'Go and buy some milk, will you, love?’ 'No, I shan't. I'm busy.’
3B. Past willingness and refusal
We use would/wouldn't to show willingness or refusal In the past. We use would in the affirmative only to refer to general willingness (i.e. a habit):
Dad would always help us with our maths homework.
Note: We do not use would in the affirmative to express willingness to do something on a single occasion in the past:
X The tour guide was very helpful. She would contact the Consulate for me when I lost my passport.
✓ The tour guide was very helpful. She contacted I offered to contact the Consulate for me when I lost my passport.
We can use would not for refusal on a single occasion in the past:
The shop assistant wouldn't change this jumper for me, even though I hadn't worn it.
OTHER USES OF WILL/SHALL/WOULD
4A. Offers and promises
We can use both will and shall to make offers. We use will in the affirmative, both to make offers to do something ourselves and on behalf of other people:
Sit down. I'll wash up this evening.
Your car sounds a bit rough. Harry will take a quick look at it if you like.
We use shall in questions to make more tentative offers than with will in the affirmative:
Shall I wash up this evening?
We use will to make promises:
My government will turn round the economy and reduce unemployment.
We can use would, will or won't when we offer something to another person:
Would you have/ like some more of the pie? (neutral)
Will you have some more of the pie? (neutral)
Won't you have some more of the pie? (more encouraging)
4B. Suggestions
We use shall in questions with us to make suggestions:
Shall we go out for a curry tonight? (= Why don't we …?/How about …?)
To ask for suggestions or advice, we can use shall with a question word:
What shall we do about Tom if he doesn't get into a university?
US English uses should in preference to shall for suggestions:
Let's decide what to do this evening. Should we go bowling?
Note: We use shall in question tags after let’s.
Let's forget about it now and talk about something else, shall we?
Note: We use would in suggestions or responding to invitations if we want to be more tentative or distant:
It would be a good idea to get together one evening.
'Come to dinner on Sunday. ' ‘That would be nice. I’ll let you know.'
4C. Requests
We often make requests with a will. These requests are informal and we usually use them only with people we know quite well:
Will you give me a call when you get to the hotel?
We use would make requests more tentative or polite, or to request things of people we do not know so well:
Would you lend me the car tomorrow night? Dad?
Would you fill in this form, please, sir?
We can make a request more insistent by using will you as a question tag:
Come and look at this, will you?
If we make a request in this way, we do not expect the answer to be ‘no’:
Pick up my suit from the cleaner’s when you're out, will you?
4D. Orders and instructions
We use will and shall for orders and formal instructions. We use shall for more formal instructions, especially in official documents:
You will/shall all stay behind for thirty minutes and clean this room.
The secretary shall minute the proceedings of each meeting.
We also use shall/ will for rules, for example of examinations and competitions:
The judge’s decision shall be final.
4E. Disagreeing
We can use would/ wouldn't show disagreement in a polite way:
I wouldn't say that.
I wouldn't go that far.
4F. Expressing desires and preferences
We often use would with verbs of liking and preference (like. love, prefer, etc.) to express desires and preferences which we think we can realize:
We'd love to come to your wedding on 6th September. Thank you for the invitation.
I’d prefer to lose weight by a tried and tested method than by a new trendy diet.
We can use would with rather to express a preference:
Our delegates would rather not stay at the conference center.
Note: Note that we can use an object with these forms:
I would like you to listen to me when I 'm talking!
HYPOTHETICAL WOULD
5A. Hypothetical desires about the present/future
We use would with be or verbs of liking and wishing to express a desire for the present or future. Fulfillment of the desire is impossible or improbable:
It would be so nice to live by the sea. (The speaker doesn’t live by the sea.)
I would prefer to be a man. (The speaker is a woman.)
To state a simple fact, we use the present simple:
It is nice to live by the sea.
We can use the present simple (like) to talk about something we currently like and do, but we use would like to talk about an unfulfilled desire:
I like to stay in five-star hotels. (I do stay in five-star hotels and enjoy it.)
I would like to stay in five-star hotels. (I don’t stay in them, but it’s my desire.)
Wish + would expresses a desire for another person (not) to do something:
I wish you wouldn't talk with your mouth full!
5B. Hypothetical desires about the past
If we want to comment on a hypothetical situation in the past, we use would/ wouldn't + have + past participle:
It would have been a good idea to notify us in advance of your intentions. (= The person did not notify anyone in advance.)
Note: British English often uses the perfect infinitive here:
(It would have been a good idea to have notified us in advance ….)
PRACTICE EXERCISE
Q 1.
Complete these dialogues with a will, won't, would, wouldn't, + have if necessary, and a form of the verbs in the box. The first one is given as an example (0).
argue come have hold prepare say start stop watch work
‘Sue says she’s enjoying the job but she’s putting on weight.’
'Yes, that ….will be…. because of all those long business lunches.’
'Are you having problems with your new camera?'
‘Yes, the flash………. in semi-darkness, only when it's fully dark.'
‘Shop assistants used to be more polite, didn't they?'
‘Yes, a few years ago they ………. always………. “please” and "thank you” and smile.'
'Surely there are too many people here to get on one plane?’
'No, a jumbo jet ………. easily ………. over 300 people.’
‘I hope Josh is OK at that summer camp. He might be homesick.’
Don’t worry about him. He ………. a great time!’
‘Do you think that the jury will acquit Nick?'
‘I hope so. I’m sure that his lawyer ………. a solid defense.'
‘I don't think this new secretary is as good as Janice was.’
'I don't know. Janice………. always ………. whenever you pointed out errors in her typing.’
‘The new horse at the riding stables seems to be working out very well.'
Quite well, but he ………. and eat whenever he gets the opportunity!’
‘Oh no, I’ve just noticed a mistake in the headline for the front page article!’
'Phone the printers. They ………. printing it yet – they don't print until early morning.’
‘What happened after the car broke down?'
Well, we knew that traffic………. along that road so late, so we slept in the car.’
Why are you and Jack arguing so much these days?’
‘He takes me for granted. He ………. TV every evening and ignore me completely.’
Q 2.
Rewrite the underlined parts of this phone conversation, using a will, won't, would and wouldn’t.
JAKE 020 7543 9216.
ALICE Hi, Jake. It’s Alice here.
JAKE Alice, how nice to hear from you!
ALICE Actually, Jake, I’m phoning to ask you for some advice.
JAKE (0) I'm willing to help you if I can, of course. ……….I'll help you…………….
ALICE Your mother receives help from the Council, doesn’t she? Can you tell me what (1) they agree to do and what (2) they don’t agree to do for older people?
JAKE Yes, of course. Mum has a home help. She comes three times a week. (3) She's perfectly happy to do light cleaning and (4) she's willing to get the shopping, but (5) she refuses to do anything heavy.
ALICE That's fair enough. What about cooking?
JAKE Well, when she first started (6) she was happy to prepare supper when she came, but she stopped that after a few weeks.
ALICE Why was that?
JAKE You know my mum. (7) She insists on saying exactly what she thinks. Apparently the home help used to make Italian food and Mum didn't like it. (8) She refused to eat it. Why are you asking, anyway?
ALICE It's Dad. He can’t move around very easily now. The neighbors are great, they (9) make a habit of popping in now and again but (10) he’s unwilling to ask them for help if he’s in trouble.
JAKE Mmm. You can understand that.
ALICE Oh, but he’s so impatient. I take him to the shops once a week, but yesterday (11) the car refused to start and I was about half an hour late. (12) Was he willing to wait for me? No, (13) he insists on trying to cope by himself! He went to the shops and collapsed on the way there.
JAKE Oh, dear. It’s a worry, isn’t it? Look, (14) if you don't mind waiting for a few minutes. I’ll look out the phone number for the right person at social services.
Q 3.
Complete the dialogues below the pictures. Use will, shall or would.
Student 1: Will you pass me the dictionary, please?
Student 2: Yes, here you are.
1.
Woman: ……………………………………………………….
Friend: I won’t, thanks. I’m trying to lose weight
2.
Teacher: ………………………………………………………………………………………
Student: Oh, Miss, not another essay for homework! We’ve already written two this week.
3.
Man: ………………………………………………………………………………………….
Women: Oh, yes, please! We always need someone to take the minutes.
4.
Police Officer: ………………………………………………………..
Thief: Come with you? No, why should I?
5.
Man: I don’t understand what you want from me!
Women: ………………………………………………………….
Man: But I do respect you!
Q 4.
Read the article and then decide which word or phrase A, B or C below best fills each space. Circle the letter you choose for each question. The exercise begins with an example (0).
Words, words, words
The words that caught the mood of the decade are all there in a book published yesterday – clone, concentration camp, gene, depression – except that was not the 1990s; these words (0)… current in the 1900s.
The Guinness Book of the Twentieth Century cites lists of buzzwords for each decade of the last century. At the outset of the 20th century, few people would have guessed that it (1)…….. more language change than ever before. Of course, before the days of the communications revolution language evolved much more slowly. Many people today (2)…… language not to change at all, but that is an unrealistic dream in the age of the global village.
Words you(3)……every day, such as chatline and trainers, (4)…..only thirty years ago. And a word as universal as teenager gained common currency only in the l940s. Words change in meaning too: a scientist in the 1960s (5)……. clone to refer only to plants. And anyone who asked '(6)…… we watch the soap tonight?’ would have encountered total incomprehension before the Second World War. (Soap was what you washed with.)
There is a more worrying side to this if you consider that new coinage reflects the society it comes from. Only twenty years ago few people (7)……. stalking, ethnic cleansing or road rage – concepts that the world (8)………perhaps be better without. It (9) ……. nice to think that the 21st century (10)……. us happier words, but don’t hold your breath!
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A would have been
A will bring
A would rather
A will hear
A would not have been recognized
A wouldn’t understand
A Won't
A shall have understood
A would
A will be
A would bring
B would be
B brought
B would prefer
B will be hearing
B would not be recognized
B will be understanding
B Would
B would have understood
B will
B would be
B would have brought
C will have been
C would bring
C will prefer
C will have heard
C will not recognize
C would have understood
C Shall
C will have understood
C shall
C would have been
C will bring
Q 5.
Read the statements from people who have or have had a disadvantaged life. Complete the sentences, expressing the people's desires and regrets about the past. Use the word in brackets.
0 We don't have running water in our homes. We have to collect water from the stream or from a pipe in the village. (like)
Aisha …..would like to have running water in her homes…….
We live in a wooden shack outside the city. It’s very small but eight of us live in it. It’s my dream to live in a real house. (prefer)
Pedro …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
In my country, we have to pay for medicine and a lot of people can't afford it. The government should provide free medicine. (like)
I wear the same clothes every day. I look at models in magazines and I'm very envious of their beautiful clothes. (be nice)
Hana thinks it……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
I live in a village just outside a big city. The village is OK. but rich people from the city come and dump their rubbish in our village. It’s dreadful! (wishes)
I didn't go to school. My family couldn't afford to send me. So now I can only get a badly-paid job. It’s such a pity because I enjoy learning new things. (been good)
Maria thinks it ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Q 6.
There are nine more mistakes in this text connected with the language in this unit. Underline the mistakes and correct them.
I'll never forget the day my life changed. It was a normal day – in those days I
shall do my homework straight after school so that I could go and listen to pop => would
music at Janice’s after dinner. So I was sitting in front of the fire, trying to keep
warm. Mum was ironing. I looked at the clock.
Dad's late,’ I remarked to Mum.
It's Thursday. He’d be visiting Granny.’
My grandmother lived in a cold, draughty cottage on the moors. Mum and
Dad wanted her to move in with us, but our house was very small, and she won’t
They knew that the cold winter months would have hastened her death – she
already suffered from chronic bronchitis – but she was a stubborn old woman
who will insist on her independence?
Won’t it be nice if we had some money? We could buy a big house and
Granny could have a flat of her own in it. I hate being poor.’
Oh. pet, I shan’t say we're poor. We're not as well off as some, but we’ve
got a roof over our heads and food in our bellies.’ Mum would always see
the best in every situation. It really annoyed me! ‘Will I make a nice cup of tea?
Your Dad would be frozen when he gets in. He’ll want to save the bus fare so
I'm sure he's walked all the way from your grandmother’s.’
At that moment, the door opened and Dad walked in, waving a slip of paper.
'Forget the tea, Mary. We’re going out tonight. First prize in the lottery.
We’re rich!’
ANSWER KEY FOR DIAGNOSTIC TEST
would be
‘II be driving
won't have started
will eat/eat
will act 18
won't book
would always help
would not reveal
Shall I make
shall we do
Would you be
would like
b
a
a
b
b
b
a
b
ANSWER KEY FOR PRACTICE EXERCISE
Q 1.
won't work
would always say
will easily hold
will be having
will have prepared
would always argue
will stop
won't have started
wouldn't come
will watch
Q 2.
they will do
they won't do
She’ll do light cleaning
she’ll get the shopping
she won't do anything heavy
she would prepare supper
She will say (exactly) what she thinks.
She wouldn't eat it.
will pop in
he won't ask them for help
the car wouldn't start
Would he wait for me?
he will try to cope by himself
if you'll wait for a few minutes
Q 3. Suggested answers:
Will you/Won’t you have another piece/some more cake?
You will all write the/this essay for homework.
Shall I take the minutes?
Will/Would you come with us, please (Sir)?
I would like you to respect me.
Q 4.
C
B
A
A
C
C
B
A
B
C
Q 5.
Pedro would prefer to live in a real house.
Esther would like the government to provide free medicine.
Sun-Li would rather not go begging in the streets.
Hana thinks it would be nice to have some beautiful clothes.
Sunil wishes that rich people from the city wouldn’t dump their rubbish in the village.
Maria thinks it would have been good to go to school.
Q 6.
Line 6 He’d be visiting ==> He'll be visiting
Line 8 she won’t ==> she wouldn’t
Line 9 would have hastened ==> would hasten
Line 11 will insist ==> would insist
Line 12 Won't it be ==> Wouldn't it be
Line 14 I shan't say ==> I wouldn’t say
Line 16 Will I make ==> Shall I make
Line 17 would be frozen ==> will be frozen
Line 18 he's walked ==> he'll have walked
Round up: MODEL VERBS
function
time
form
example
ability
present
can
is/are able to
She can speak Spanish but she can’t speak Italian.
Despite his handicap, he is able to drive a car.
past
could
be/ were able to
Mozart could play the piano at the age of five. 16.18
Mike’s car broke down but he was able to repair it.
possibility
present
may, might, could
There may be life on Mors.
The rash could be a symptom of something more serious.
past
could have,
might have
She might have done it; she had the
opportunity and the motive.
future
will be able to
We’ll be able to travel to the moon but we
won’t be able to travel to Mars.
arrangements
future
can, could,
be able to
The doctor could see you at six; he can’t see
you before then as he’s too busy.
permission
present/
future
can, can’t
Can I use your phone?’ ‘No, I’m afraid you can't'
past
allowed to
I was allowed to leave early yesterday.
obligation
present
have (got) to
must
need (to)
should
Students have (got) to wear school uniforms here.
I must get up earlier.
Do we need to get o visa for the USA?
You should respect your neighbor.
past
had to
We had to report to reception by four
future
will have to,
will need to
We’ll have to/’ll need to get our visas sorted out.
necessity
present
must have to,
need to
All human beings must/ have to / need to have enough sleep.
past
had to,
needed to
Cave dwellers had to / needed to hunt in order to survive.
future
will have to,
will need to
You’ll have to/’ll need to work harder than that.
prohibition
present/ future
must not
cannot,
may not
should not
You mustn’t touch that kettle!
Guests can’t/ may not use the pool after 11 p.m.
You shouldn’t speak to me like that!
past
could not
We couldn’t go because we were too young
past criticism
should (not)
have
You shouldn’t have driven through that red
light.
absence of
obligation
or necessity
present
do not have to,
do not need to
You don’t have to/ don’t need to pay to visit most museums in Britain.
past
did not have to,
did not need to,
need not have
You didn’t have to/ didn’t need to finish the job.
We needn’t have taken sweaters as it was so warm there.
future
will not have to,
will not need to
You won’t have to /won’t need to ask the
doctor to sign this form.
advice/
recommendation
present/ future
must
should
had better
You really must read ‘Birdsong’!
You should consider a private pension.
You’d better change the locks straight away.
logical
deduction
present/
future
must have to
cannot
This must /has to be the place.
This amount can’t be correct
past
must have
cannot have
That noise must have been an explosion.
She can’t have done it – she wasn’t even here
probability
present/
future
should
The plane should be landing now.
past
should have
What’s happened to the bogs? They should
have arrived hours ago.
certainty
present
past
will
will have
It won’t be warm at this time of gear.
They’ll have received the invitations by now.
routines
present
past
will
would
He’ll come in and he’ll start giving instructions. He’d come in and he’d start giving instructions
Practicing daily with Synonym and Antonym exercises will help you be well prepared for the IELTS Writing section and increase your IELTS vocabulary and refine your knowledge of words. Let’s set your time and start learning now.
One of the important ways to score the high band in the IELTS exam is to focus on the synonyms and Antonyms of the difficult words so that you can explain the topic given in a better way.
Synonyms
Synonyms are the words that give the meaning of the particular word or which is the same as the word given or a better word for the given word. if you know the synonyms you can also improve your vocabulary.
Which of these words is closest in meaning to the word provided?
1.
remote
4.
predict
7.
banish
a. automatic
a. foretell
a. exile
b. distant
b. decide
b. hate
c. savage
c. prevent
c. fade
d. mean
d. discover
d. clean
2.
detest
5.
kin
8.
Fraud
a. argue
a. exult
a. malcontent
b. hate
b. twist
b. argument
c. discover
c. friend
c. imposter
d. reveal
d. relative
d. clown
3.
gracious
6.
pensive
9.
saccharine
a. pretty
a. oppressed
a. leave
b. clever
b. caged
b. sweet
c. pleasant
c. thoughtful
c. arid
d. present
d. happy
d. quit
10.
Drag
13.
Simulate
16.
Generic
a. sleepy
a. excite
a. general
b. crush
b. imitate
b. cheap
c. proud
c. trick
c. fresh
d. pull
d. apelike
d. elderly
11.
Jovial
14.
Charisma
17.
Qualm
a. incredulous
a. ghost
a. distress
b. merry
b. force
b. impunity
c. revolting
c. charm
c. persevere
d. dizzy
d. courage
d. scruple
12.
indifferent
15.
Apportion
18.
Wary
a. neutral
a. divide
a. calm
b. unkind
b. decide
b. curved
c. precious
c. cut
c. confused
d. mean
d. squabble
d. cautious
19.
Distort
22.
inscrutable
25.
Reverie
a. wrong
a. difficult
a. palimpsest
b. evil
b. mysterious
b. phantom
c. deform
c. inflexible
c. daydream
d. harm
d. wary
d. curio
20.
sumptuous
23.
Appall
26.
Loot
a. delirious
a. delirious
a. destruction
b. gorgeous
b. covered
b. waste
c. perilous
c. dismay
c. spoils
d. luxurious
d. confuse
d. cavort
21.
Reel
24.
Upright
27.
Loquacious
a. whirl
a. honorable
a. talkative
b. fish
b. horizontal
b. thirsty
c. hit
c. humble
c. beautiful
d. mistake
d. supine
d. complicated
28.
Chimera
31.
Nabob
34.
louche
a. chimney
a. bigwig
a. gauche
b. protest
b. doubter
b. fine
c. illusion
c. frolic
c. brilliant
d. panache
d. converse
d. indecent
29.
Temerity
32.
Pall
35.
stentorian
a. audacity
a. light
a. violent
b. fearfulness
b. satiate
b. misbegotten
c. shyness
c. carry
c. loud
d. stupidity
d. horror
d. stealthy
30.
educe
33.
sacrosanct
a. demand
a. prayer
b. elicit
b. sanctuary
c. ideal
c. pious
d. unlawful
d. sacred
Answer Key
b. remote means faraway, or distant
b. to detest means to feel intense or violent dislike, or to hate
c. gracious means to be pleasant or considerate in social interactions
a. to predict means to declare in advance or to foretell
d. kin means people with common ancestors, or relatives
c. pensive means moodily or dreamily thoughtful
a. to banish means to drive out from home or country, or to exile
c. a fraud is someone who is not what he or she pretends to be, or an imposter
b. saccharine means overly sweet
d. to drag is to pull, or to cause movement in a direction with applied force
b. jovial means good-humored or merry
a. to be indifferent is to be marked by impartiality or to be neutral
b. to simulate is to assume the outward appearance of, or to imitate
c. charisma is magnetic charm or appeal
a. to apportion is to divide and share out
a. generic means having the characteristic of a whole group, or general
d. a qualm is a feeling of uneasiness about a moral issue, or a scrupled. wary means to be attentive especially to danger, or to be cautious
c. to distort means to twist out of a normal state, or to deform
d. sumptuous means excessively costly, rich, or luxurious
a. one meaning of reel is to move around and round or to whirl
b. inscrutable means not easily interpreted or understood, or mysterious
c. to appall is to overcome with shock, or to dismay
a. upright can mean either honorable or vertical; horizontal and supine are both antonyms of upright
c. a reverie means the state of being lost in thought or a daydream
c. loot means goods seized in war or spoils
a. loquacious means excessively talkative, or garrulous
c. a chimera is a fabrication of the mind, or an illusion
a. temerity means unreasonable contempt for danger or recklessness, or audacity
b. to reduce means to develop something potential or latent; to elicit means to draw out something hidden or latent
a. a nabob is a person of great wealth or importance, or a bigwig
b. to pall can mean to deprive of pleasure in something by satiating
d. sacrosanct means the most sacred, or holy
d. louche means not reputable, or indecent
c. stentorian means loud and is usually used to imply a voice of great power and range
Installation scheduled for Day 9___________ Time of day 10_______________
SECTION 2
Questions 11-14
Choose the correct letter, A, B, or C
11 The fair will take place at the
A Fairgrounds. B park. C .school.
12 The fair will begin on Friday
A morning. B afternoon. C evening.
13 The fair will begin with a
A parade. B dance performance. C speech by the mayor.
14 There will be free admission on
A Friday. B Saturday. C Sunday.
Questions 15 – 20
Complete the chart below.
Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.
Day/Time
Event
Saturday afternoon
15_______________ show
Saturday evening
16_______________ by the lake
Sunday afternoon
17_______________ contest
All weekend
18_______________ food
19_______________ for children
20_______________ for sale
SECTION 3
Questions 21—23
Complete the information below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
How to get academic credit for work experience
First, read the 21______________ . Find courses that match your work experience. Then write 22__________of your work cxperience. Submit that together with a letter from your 23_____________to the university admissions office.
Questions 24—28
Where can the items listed below be found?
A admissions office B counseling center1 C library
Write the correct letter, A, B, or C, next to questions 24—28.
24. university catalog ______
25. application for admission form ______
26. requirements list ______
27. recommendation forms ______
28. job listings ______
Questions 29 and 30
Choose the correct letters, A, B, or C.
29. What are full-time students eligible for?
A. Discounted books B. The work-study program C. A free bus pass
30. How can a student get financial assistance?
A. Speak with a counselor B. Apply to the admissions office C. Make arrangements with a bank
SECTION 4
Questions 31-35
Complete the chart with information about the black hear.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Range
Lives in 31________________of North America
Diet
Ninety percent of diet consists of 32___________
Also eats 33______________
Cubs
Baby bear cubs are born in 34 __________________
Life span
Black bears live for about 35______________in the wild.
Questions 36-40
Which characteristics fit black bears and which fit grizzly bears?
Write A if it is a characteristic of black bears. Write B if it is a characteristic of grizzly bears.
36. Has a patch of light fur on its chest ________
37. Weighs 225 kilos __________
38. Has a shoulder hump _________
39. Has pointed cars _________
40. Has shorter claws ___________
Answer keys:
1. Kramer 2. 58 3. residential 4. office manager 5. 637-555-9014 6. nine years 7. long distance 8. Internet 9. Friday 10. morning 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. down 16. concert 17. singing 18. international 19. games 20. crafts 21. university catalog 22. a summary 23. work supervisor 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. forested area 32. plant foods 33. insects/fish 34. the winter 35. twenty-five years 36. A 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. A
BONUS EXERCISE: GAP-FILLING
The texts below are transcript for your IELTS Liste. ning Practice Test. To make the most out of this transcript, we removed some words from the texts and replaced with spaces. You have to fill each space with the missing word by listening to the audio for this IELTS listening practice test.
Today, some people on Quora.com asked me How to get a high score (Band 7.5+) in IELTS in ONE MONTH?
My answer is "The chance of getting the score you want in one month is pretty unpredictable. It depends on your current level of English proficiency, your hard work, focus, and commitment."
Importance of Study Plan
Before understanding the tips to score a high band in the IELTS exam in 1 month, we need to understand why the study plan is necessary. Below are the few points which tell why study plan is important:
If you have a study plan, you will have an idea of how to take the test and you will be stress while actually taking the test. Thus, you will be able to score the band that you desire.
There is no such plan which is already given in the IELTS, you can customize your study plan according to your personal requirements as well as your personal convenience.
If you do not have sufficient time to make a plan, make sure you practice every day whenever you have time and if you do so you will be able to achieve your dream band score in the IELTS exam.
Here are tips to score high in IELTS in 1 month ( IELTS 1 month Study Plan )
If you currently have a high level of English proficiency (Band 6.0 – 6.5), you just need to learn and accumulate some proper techniques, tips and apply to practice tests daily to get the score you need (Band 7.0 – 7.5). You can download or buy Cambridge IELTS practice tests 8 – 12 to practice at home. You can also learn Exam Tips, using IELTS Target Band 7: How to Maximize Your Score, The Official Cambridge Guide to IELTS. If you are worse at one IELTS skill than others, you should focus more on it. For example, your IELTS Reading score is 5.5 while other skills are over 6.0, you should get down to improving your reading skills by using this excellent book by Sam McCarter: Improve your IELTS Reading Skills (this famous IELTS author published an “Improve your IELTS skills” series including the above-mentioned book, Improve your IELTS Writing Skills and Improve your IELTS Listening and Speaking Skills, you can check out for these great books). Each day, you should learn at least 10 English Collocations and New Words for the top 9 common topics in IELTS (crime, education, health, media, work, energy and environment, traffic, people, home).
Three main ways that you can focus on while preparing a study plan to prepare for the IELTS exam in a month can be:
Try to give at least 4 hours a day and an hour for each section every day.
Mainly you have a focus on your English proficiency as well as give most of your time in improving the weaker areas.
One of the best tips can find out in which area you commit more mistakes and try to overcome that.
Prepare for IELTS in a month
if you are worried about the IELTS examination which is just a month away you can refer to these following points while preparing you need to understand the important concepts and proceed with the same:
Writing versus Reading skills:
You do not have to focus more on reading skills as far as you can read the passage given and comprehend it well. Keep your focus more on writing, take a few topics from IELTS writing which have appeared before and just try to put your thoughts in writing so that you get a practice of writing test.
Learn Grammar:
You need to practice grammar but do not get stuck if there is any difficult structure or word, try to focus on other things also which are more important. if you know how to frame a sentence then it is easy to score well in IELTS.
Improve Listening and Speaking skills:
You can improve your listening and speaking skills by watching several English movies and also you can speak, read, listen and write more of English and improve your skills.
Practice Online:
Once you enroll in IELTS there are different online trainings available you can take one of them to get a realistic experience about the IELTS tests. So that when you give an actual IELTS test it will be easy for you to take the test easily.
How to learn Vocabulary in the most effective way?
Jot a new word down to a notebook in terms of various topics (with its translations or definitions)
Write the words and definitions on sticky notes or a small piece of paper (you should write the New word on the front side and its definition on the backside. So that you can only turn the note back when you forget its meaning)
Speak new words out repeatedly. In case you get access to the Internet, you can use the online dictionary to learn how to pronounce them)
Make associations (in pictures or with other words)
Have somebody to test you about new vocabulary
Utilize them to practice for your IELTS speaking or writing
However, if your English level is quite low (like the current band is 5.0 – 5.5 and you want to get Band 7.5+) you are less likely to get the score you need. In fact, IELTS learners with just one month left for the IELTS exam will get panic and work their socks off to improve their Vocabulary, Speaking, Listening, Reading, Writing, and Grammar. They just digest tons of books without any study strategy. My suggestion is that you need to draw up an effective and coherent study strategy to improve your general level of English and learn exam technique.
For scheduling your study
A multitude of students have more than 3 months to study and they do a little bit of work every week for the first 2 and a half months and then realize that their exam is next week and they still know very little. So what should you do? Don't let this happen to you by scheduling your study. As I mentioned above, you need 3 factors to get a high score: Focus, Commitment, and Hard Work.
First of all, you must stop doing non-essential things for the entire time before your exam (stop checking Facebook every 10 minutes, playing games on your cellphone, wasting time with friends or watching TV). These non-productive things waste an unbelievable amount of time that could be better spent on improving your chances of getting the score you need. This might sound harsh, but if you want to get a seriously high score, you have to work seriously hard. For me, hard work is the number one differential. It doesn't matter how intelligent you are or how naturally good you are at learning English, if you work hard, you will get the scores you need.
Make a to-do list. These should be as specific as possible e.g. learn the technique for part 2 of the speaking test, listen to the podcast every day, read 4 English newspaper articles each day, practice test, etc.
Work out how much free time you have every day from now until your test.
Get a calendar (make your own calendar or use an electronic one) and fill out what you are going to do every day before your test.
Tick off every day and every task you complete as you do them.
Don't skip. If you miss something, go back and do it.
If you follow the advice above you will be more prepared than 95% of people doing the test.
For improving your general level of English proficiency
You should immerse yourself in English for at least 6 hours per day. It means you will be a full-time IELTS learner and you need to listen to English and read English daily. You should also be writing and speaking in English as much as possible.
To practice daily, you can download Top IELTS Booksand do at least 1 practice test per day.
To learn the exam technique
You must also learn about all of the different types of questions and how to approach them for Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. The great thing about IELTS is that it is fairly predictable. For example, if you are doing Academic Writing Task 1, you just need to learn how to write a summary of at least 150 words in response to a particular graph (bar, line or pie graph), table, chart, or process to get a decent score.
You can also make use of the following books to learn more exam tips, techniques: IELTS Target Band 7: How to Maximize Your Score, The Official Cambridge Guide to IELTS. You can also look at the pages below that will show you exam technique for the four main areas:
దర్శకత్వం అనేది ఒక వ్యసనం. ఒక్కసారి అలవాటైందంటే ఇక ఆ రంగం నుంచి తప్పుకోవడం చాలా కష్టం. ఇండస్ట్రీలో ఏ క్రాఫ్ట్ లో ఉన్న వ్యక్తి అయినా కెరీర్ లో ఒక్కసారైనా మెగాఫోన్ పట్టుకోవాలని కలలుకంటాడు. ఆ ప్రొఫెషన్ అలాంటిది. కోన వెంకట్ కు కూడా అలాంటి డ్రీమ్ ఉంది. దానికోసం అతడు ప్రయత్నించాడు కూడా. కానీ ఫెయిల్ అయ్యాడు. చాలా ఏళ్ల కిందటే మెగాఫోన్ పట్టాడు కోన వెంకట్. ఎగ్జిక్యూటివ్ ప్రొడ్యూసర్ గా ఇండస్ట్రీకొచ్చిన ఈ […]
కరోనా కట్టడిలో భాగంగా మార్చి 22 నుంచి దేశంలో అన్ని విమానాశ్రయాలు మూతపడ్డాయి. ఒక్కటంటే ఒక్క విమానం కూడా గాల్లో ఎగరకుండా హ్యాంగర్లకు పరిమితమయ్యాయి. కొన్ని ఎయిర్ పోర్టుల్లో హ్యంగర్లు కూడా చాలకపోవడంతో రన్వేల పైనే విమానలను పార్క్ చేశారు. ఈ నేపథ్యంలో లాక్డౌన్ ముగిసినా… ముగియక పోయినా… ఈ నెల 4, 5 తేదీల్లో విమానాలను నడపాలని ఎయిర్ ఇండియా నిర్ణయించింది. కాగా, ఇవి ప్యాసింజర్ విమానాలు కావని కార్గో విమానాలని ఎయిరిండియా సీఎండీ రాజీవ్ […]
టోర్నీ రద్దుతో ఫెదరర్, సెరెనా షాక్ కరోనా వైరస్ దెబ్బతో…విశ్వవిఖ్యాత వింబుల్డన్ టెన్నిస్ టోర్నీ సైతం రద్దుల పద్దులో చేరిపోయింది. రెండో ప్రపంచయుద్ధం తర్వాత… వార్షిక వింబుల్డన్ టోర్నీ రద్దుకావడం ఇదే మొదటిసారి. 1877 నుంచి క్రమం తప్పకుండా జరుగుతూ వస్తున్న ఈ గ్రాండ్ స్లామ్.. గ్రాస్ కోర్టు టెన్నిస్ టోర్నీకి ప్రపంచ వ్యాప్తంగా కోట్లాదిమంది అభిమానులున్నారు. అంతేకాదు… జీవితకాలంలో ఒక్కసారి ఈ టోర్నీలో పాల్గొన్నా తమ జన్మధన్యమైనట్లుగానే టెన్నిస్ ప్లేయర్లు భావిస్తారు. జూన్ 29 నుంచి రెండువారాలపాటు సాగే […]
లాక్ డౌన్ నేపథ్యంలో.. మిగతా ప్రాంతాల మాదిరిగానే ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ ప్రజలూ తీవ్ర ఇబ్బందులు ఎదుర్కొంటున్నారు. ఇదే అదనుగా.. కొందరు వ్యాపారులు ధరలు పెంచి విక్రయాలు చేస్తున్నారు. ఈ విషయంలో వైఎస్ జగన్ ప్రభుత్వం తీవ్ర ఆగ్రహంతో ఉంది. ఇప్పటికే ఇబ్బందుల్లో ఉన్న ప్రజలను.. ఇలా ధరలు పెంచి మరింత ఇబ్బందికి గురి చేస్తే సహించేది లేదని నిర్ణయం తీసుకుంది. కాస్త కఠినంగానే వ్యవహరించాలని నిర్ణయించి.. ఆ బాధ్యతను అధికారులను అప్పగించింది. బియ్యం, కూరగాయలు, ఇతర వ్యవసాయ ఉత్పత్తుల […]
వైరస్ దెబ్బతో సెనెగల్ సాకర్ దిగ్గజం మృతి గత కొద్దివారాలుగా ధనికదేశాలను మాత్రమే గడగడలాడిస్తూ వచ్చిన కరోనా మహమ్మారి… చీకటి ఖండం ఆఫ్రికాలోకి సైతం ప్రవేశించింది. మిగిలిన ఖండాలతో పోల్చి చూస్తే… నిరుపేదలైన ఆఫ్రికా ఖండ దేశాల ప్రజలు మాత్రమే… కరోనా వైరస్ భయం లేకుండా నిశ్చింతగా గడుపుతూ వచ్చారు. అయితే…పశ్చిమాఫ్రికా దేశం సెనెగల్ లో..కరోనా వైరస్ ప్రవేశించడమే కాదు…సాకర్ మాజీ గ్రేట్, మార్సెలీ క్లబ్ అధ్యక్షుడు పాపే డియోఫ్ ప్రాణాలను బలితీసుకొంది. కరోనా వైరస్ సోకడమే […]
వరల్డ్ ఫేమస్ లవర్ ఫ్లాప్ అయిన తర్వాత సినిమాల ఎంపిక విషయంలో విజయ్ దేవరకొండ చాలా స్లో అయిపోయాడు. ఎంతో ఆలోచించి పూరి జగన్నాధ్ తో సినిమాకు కమిట్ అయ్యాడు. ఇప్పుడు మరో దర్శకుడితో సినిమాకు రెడీ అవుతున్నాడు ఈ హీరో. అతడి పేరు వివేక్ ఆత్రేయ. మెంటల్ మదిలో, బ్రోచేవారెవరురా సినిమాలతో పాపులర్ అయ్యాడు వివేక్ ఆత్రేయ. ఇప్పుడు తన మూడో ప్రయత్నంగా విజయ్ దేవరకొండతో సినిమాకు రెడీ అవుతున్నాడు. ప్రస్తుతానికైతే వీళ్లిద్దరి మధ్య కథాచర్చలు […]
మొన్న సంక్రాంతికి మహేష్-బన్నీ పోటీపడ్డారు. మహేష్ నుంచి సరిలేరు నీకెవ్వరు, బన్నీ నుంచి అల వైకుంఠపురములో సినిమాలు వచ్చాయి. ఈ రెండింటి టార్గెట్ ఒకటే. బాహుబలి రికార్డుని బద్దలుకొట్టాలి. ఈ దిశగా మహేష్ మూవీ ఫెయిల్ అవ్వగా, బన్నీ చేసిన అల వైకుంఠపురములో మూవీ దరిదాపుల వరకు వెళ్లి ఆగిపోయింది. సంక్రాంతికి నడిచిన ఈ ప్రహసనాన్ని పక్కనపెడితే.. ఇప్పుడు మహేష్ మూవీ నిజంగానే బాహుబలి-2ను క్రాస్ చేసింది. అయితే సిల్వర్ స్క్రీన్ పై కాదు, బుల్లితెరపై బాహుబలి-2ను […]
కరోనా.. కరోనా.. కరోనా.. ఇప్పుడెక్కడ చూసినా కరోనా పేరే మారుమ్రోగిపోతుంది. చైనాలోని వూహాన్ లో పుట్టిన కరోనా వైరస్ క్రమంగా ప్రపచంలోని అన్నిదేశాలకు పాకింది. ఇప్పటికే ప్రపంచంలోని 200లకు పైగా దేశాల్లో కరోనా సోకింది. దీంతో ఆయా దేశాలు కరోనా కట్టడికి లాక్ డౌన్ వంటి చర్యలను చేపడుతున్నాయి. అయినప్పటికీ కరోనా కేసులు పెరుగుతుండటంతో ప్రపంచ వ్యాప్తంగా ఆందోళనలు నెలకొన్నాయి. కరోనా మహమ్మరి విజృంభిస్తుండటంతో ఇప్పటికే 8లక్షలకు పైగా కరోనా కేసులు నమోదయ్యాయి. ఈ సంఖ్య మరింత […]
